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Overview
Table 1.1: Secondary Education Statistics
Indicators Pre-degree junior colleges High post basic
/Hr.Sec. Schools
schools
Number of Institutions 46,796 99,103
Number of Teachers 9,54,494 10,81,288
Pupil-Teacher ratio 35 31
Percentage of trained teachers 90 89
Status of Enrolment and Drop-out Rates in Class IX-XII as on 30.9.2003
Indicators Boys Girls Total
Enrolments (Class IX-XII) 2.06 crore 1.43 crore 3.50 crore
Gross Enrolment Ratio (Class IX-XII) 42.94 34.25 38.88
Dropout rates (Class I – X) 60.97 64.92 62.68
covered under Adult Education Programmes – 128
under Total Literacy Campaigns, 164 under Post
Literacy Programme and 305 under Continuing
Education Programme. There are 26 State Resource
Centres functioning in various States. At present, there
are 172 Jan Shikshan Sansthans in the country and the
number is set to increase in the near future. About
120.35 million persons have been made literate so far.
About 60 per cent of the beneficiaries are women, while
22 per cent and 12 per cent belong to Scheduled castes
and scheduled tribes respectively.
Secondary Education
Secondary education serves as a bridge between
elementary and higher education and prepares young
persons between the age group of 14-18 for entry into
higher education or work situations. The population of
children in this age group has been estimated to be 88.5
million as per Census, 2001. Enrolment figures show
that only 31 million of these children were attending
school in 2001-02, which means that almost two-third
of the population remained out of school. Given the
liberalisation and globalisation of the Indian economy,
the rapid changes witnessed in scientific and
technological world and the general need to improve the
quality of life, it is essential that school leavers acquire
a higher level of knowledge and skills than what they
are provided in the eight years of elementary education.
The average earnings of secondary school certificate
holders are significantly higher than those with only
primary school education.
Table 1.1 shows some essential statistics in respect of
Secondary and Higher Secondary Education as on
30.9.2003.
Gross Enrolment Ratio is defined as the percentage of
the enrolment in secondary stage (classes IX-XII) to the
estimated child population in the age group of 14 to 18
years. Enrolment in this stage includes underage and
over-age children. Hence the percentage may be more
than 100 per cent in some cases.
Policy
Paras 5.13 –5.15 of the National Policy on Education
(NPE), 1986 (as modified in 1992) deal with Secondary
Education, which inter alia state that access to
Secondary Education will be widened with emphasis on
enrolment of girls, SCs and STs, particularly in science,
Annual Report 2005-06
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