annual 2010/2011 of the croatian academy of engineering - HATZ

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24 Annual 2010/2011 of the Croatian Academy of Engineering in plains, in coastal areas of the Mediterranean wild Spanish Broom has been used as raw textile material since ancient times. However, Spanish Broom (Spartium Junceum L.) (Croatian: žuka or brnistra; Italian: ginestra) is almost completely forgotten today, and it is only sporadically mentioned as raw textile material. The habitat of Spanish Broom is the Mediterranean area of south Europe, south-west Asia and north-west Africa. In Italy, in the Mediterranean area of olive groves, it climbs the altitude of 975 meters. In Turkey, Syria and Palestine, it reaches altitudes of 1,700 meters. It is regarded weed in the USA and New Zealand; where there is a tendency to eradicate it in order to save indigenous plants. Figure 1 Spartium Junceum L. There are numerous anatomic adjustments to dry soil visible in microscopic structures of Spanish Broom’s vegetative organs. One of them is xerophtytic (xerophytes – types of plants adjusted to dry climate) adjustment of the leaf during its short life span and transformation of its internal structure dominated by the chain of parenchyma. The upper part of the stem took over the function of leaf, whereas sclerenchyma’s bers and conductive elements take over the majority part of its secondary units. An unusual feature of the root’s primary structure is its underdeveloped endoderm, and the secondary structure points to its storage and mechanical roles. [1]. Morphological structures of Spanish Broom, more precisely its longitudinal and cross-section of shoots were recorded with a FE-SEM (Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope) of the company TESCAN, with a steamer and unit for EDX analysis (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis). Before the microscopic recording, samples were processed for 180 seconds in a steamer with gold and palladium, using operative voltage of 5-15 kV. The results of images show that Spanish Broom’s shoots have two basic layers: rigid and woody inner layer, porous in the middle part, making the plant light, and an outer layer, skin intertwined with sinewy bers. The cross-section of
Annual 2010/2011 of the Croatian Academy of Engineering 25 Spanish Broom also points to epidermis, parenchyma of the bark with chlorophyll, endoderm, bundles of root bers and bundles of pericyle bers. Head shaped units of root and pericycle bers, connected in an almost continuous ring, are also visible. Figure 2 SEM micrograph of cross-section of Spanish Broom vermenes (SEM) Hitachi S-3400 N Cross-section of the woody shoot of Spanish Broom, which give rigidness to the shoot, and enables passage of cell juices alongside the shoot Figure 3 SEM micrograph of Cross-section of the woody (lignin) part
Page 1: ANNUAL 2010/2011 OF THE CROATIAN AC
Page 4 and 5: Published by Croatian Academy of En
Page 6 and 7: Mario Žagar, Ivica Crnkovi, Darko
Page 8 and 9: 8 2011 Annual 2010/2011 of the Croa
Page 10 and 11: 10 Annual 2010/2011 of the Croatian
Page 20 and 21: 20 CONCLUSION Annual 2010/2011 of t
Page 42 and 43: 42 LUBRICANTS Annual 2010/2011 of t
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Page 60 and 61: 60 distant video presence on re rem
Page 72 and 73: 72 References Annual 2010/2011 of t
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74 Annual 2010/2011 of the Croatian
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82 Bidlingmaier et al. (1999) Ziehm
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100 Annual 2010/2011 of the Croatia
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122 5.0 Conclusion 6.0 References A
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124 2 The Community of Raša Annual
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178 4 EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION Annua
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194 and lubricant. Annual 2010/2011
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206 4 Results and discussion Annual
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Podupirajui lanovi: Arhitektonski f
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