Environmental Change and Security Project Report - Woodrow ...

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WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Lee H. Hamilton, Director Board of Trustees Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair; David A. Metzner, Vice Chair. Public Members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; Bruce Cole, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities; Roderick R. Paige, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Colin L. Powell, Secretary, U.S. Department of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Peter S. Watson, President and CEO, OPIC. Private Citizen Members: Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Carol Cartwright, Robert B. Cook, Donald E. Garcia, Bruce S. Gelb, Charles L. Glazer, Tamala L. Longaberger Wilson Council Bruce S. Gelb, President. Elias F. Aburdene, Jennifer Acker, Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Russell Anmuth, Cyrus A. Ansary, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, Theresa Behrendt, John B. Beinecke, Joseph C. Bell, Esq., Steven A. Bennett, Rudy Boschwitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Donald A. Brown, Melva Bucksbaum, Richard I. Burnham, Nicola L. Caiola, Mark Chandler, Peter B. Clark, Melvin Cohen, David M. Crawford, Jr., Melvin Cohen, William T. Coleman, Jr., David M. Crawford, Jr. , Michael D. DiGiacomo, Beth Dozoretz, Elizabeth Dubin, F. Samuel Eberts III, I. Steven Edelson, Mark Epstein, Melvyn J. Estrin, Sim Farar, Susan R. Farber, A. Huda Farouki, Julie Finley, Roger Felberbaum, Joseph H. Flom, Esq., John H. Foster, Charles Fox, Barbara Hackman Franklin, Norman Freidkin, John H. French, II, Morton Funger, Gregory M. Gallo, Chris G. Gardiner, CPA, Bernard S. Gewirz, Gordon D. Giffin, Steven J. Gilbert, Alma Gildenhorn, David F. Girard-diCarlo, Esq., Michael B. Goldberg, Roy Goodman, Gretchen Meister Gorog, William E. Grayson, Ronald Greenberg, Raymond A. Guenter, Cheryl F. Halpern, Edward L. Hardin, Jr., John L. Howard, Darrell E. Issa, Benjamin Jacobs, Jerry Jasinowski, Brenda LaGrange Johnson, Shelly Kamins, James M. Kaufman, Edward W. Kelley, Jr., Anastasia D. Kelly, Christopher J. Kennan, Willem Kookyer, Steven Kotler, William H. Kremer, Raymond Learsy, Dennis A. LeVett, Francine Gordon Levinson, Harold O. Levy, Frederic V. Malek, David S. Mandel, Esq., John P. Manning, Jeffrey A. Marcus, John Mason, Jay Mazur, Robert McCarthy, Esq., Linda McCausland, Stephen G. McConahey, Donald F. McLellan, Charles McVean, J. Kenneth Menges, Jr., Kathryn Mosbacher, Jeremiah L. Murphy, Martha T. Muse, John E. Osborn, Paul Hae Park, Gerald L. Parsky, Jeanne L. Phillips, Michael J. Polenske, Rob Quartel, Jr., John L. Richardson, Esq., Margaret Milner Richardson, Larry D. Richman, Carlyn Ring, Edwin Robbins, Robert G. Rogers, Juan A. Sabater, Alan M. Schwartz, Timothy R. Scully, C.S.C., J. Michael Sheperd, George P. Shultz, Raja W. Sidawi, Kenneth Siegel, Ron Silver, William A. Slaughter, James H. Small, Shawn Smeallie, Gordon V. Smith, Thomas F. Stephenson, Norma Kline Tiefel, Mark C. Treanor, Anthony G. Viscogliosi, Christine M. Warnke, Ruth Westheimer, Pete Wilson, Deborah Wince-Smith, Herbert S. Winokur, Jr., Paul Martin Wolff, Joseph Zappala, Richard S. Ziman, Nancy M. Zirkin About the Center The Center is the living memorial of the United States of America to the nation’s twenty-eighth president, Woodrow Wilson. Congress established the Woodrow Wilson Center in 1968 as an international institute for advanced study, “symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relationship between the world of learning and the world of public affairs.” The Center opened in 1970 under its own board of trustees. In all its activities the Woodrow Wilson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, supported financially by annual appropriations from Congress, and by the contributions of foundations, corporations, and individuals. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center.
The University of Michigan Population Fellows Programs This publication is made possible through support provided by the Office of Population, U.S. Agency for International Development, and the University of Michigan, under the terms of Grant No. HRN-A-00-00- 00001. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development, the University of Michigan, or the Woodrow Wilson Center. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars 1300 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20004 Tel. (202) 691-4130 Fax (202) 691-4184 www.wilsoncenter.org/ecsp ISBN: 0-9745919-1-2
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND SECURITY P
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND SECURITY P
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CONTENTS Foreword 1 ECSP at 10 Geof
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FOREWORD security is the disarmamen
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COMMENTARY The Next Steps for Envir
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departments, balance participation
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2004/10/08/dabelko-maathai/ Dalby,
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Countries that are overwhelmed by e
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can see the consequences of ecologi
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and deprivation. But what about the
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The EU is heading in the right dire
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UN’s regular budget for 2003, whe
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COMMENTARY • The Next Steps for E
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unless the Central Asian states div
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Mediterranean Coastal Aquifer.” W
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tion (i.e., with lower birth and de
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civil conflict. The authors focus o
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California Press. Hoge, Warren. (20
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New models and technology address P
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Table: Challenges in addressing pop
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ecognize the importance of the issu
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work’s effects vary across time a
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programs, so that specialists in th
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Net: http://www.cogsci.princeton.ed
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SPECIAL REPORT Population, Developm
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1000 live births, and the mortality
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sectoral approaches, such as invest
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implementation (Federal Ministry of
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http://www.who.int/GlobalAtlas/PDFF
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U.N. flag (Credit: Corbis) Referenc
Page 61 and 62: ather than negotiated solutions (e.
Page 63 and 64: already contributing to the displac
Page 65 and 66: currently add up to more than $800
Page 67 and 68: political conditions suggest a high
Page 69 and 70: Headwaters of the Nile River, Ugand
Page 71 and 72: World Commission on Water, Peace, a
Page 73 and 74: POLICY BRIEF • The United Nations
Page 75 and 76: there may already be upwards of 160
Page 77 and 78: among countries with responsive dec
Page 79 and 80: worst consequences of climate chang
Page 81 and 82: ty remains high—the population gr
Page 83 and 84: American Economic Review 91, 1369-1
Page 85 and 86: lations. For example, agricultural
Page 87 and 88: ship is completely out of character
Page 89 and 90: One With Nineveh begins with an ove
Page 91 and 92: Red Sky at Morning: America and the
Page 93 and 94: Fund, NRDC, and other enviros foste
Page 95 and 96: The book’s analyses of environmen
Page 97 and 98: events of September 11, 2001. Throu
Page 99 and 100: The Global Threat of New and Reemer
Page 101 and 102: Sparing Nature: The Conflict Betwee
Page 103 and 104: Declaration on Environment and Deve
Page 105 and 106: the conditions and threats humanity
Page 107 and 108: impede sustainable solutions to wat
Page 109 and 110: UNESCO. Shamir, Yona. (2003). Alter
Page 111: World Population Policies, 2004 UND
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