B.Sc. - Acharya Nagarjuna University

Synthetic applications: Preparation of
a) monocarboxylic acids (propionic acid and n­butyric acid).
b) dicarboxylic acids (succinic acid and adipic acid).
c) α,ß-unsaturated carboxylic acids (crotonic acid).
Reaction with urea.
6. Exercises in interconversion: Halogen derivatives to hydroxyl
compounds, carboxylic acids and its derivatives.
2 h
Note: All reactions in the above chapters are to be explained
withmechanisms.
Unit ­ III (Physical chemistry – II)
1. Phase rule: 5 h
Concept of phase, components, degree of freedom. Derivation of Gibbs
phase rule. Phase equilibrium of one component – water system. Phase
equilibrium of two­component system, solid­liquid equilibrium. Simple
eutectic diagram of Pb­Ag system, desilverisation of lead. Solid solutionscompound
with congruent melting point­ (Mg­Zn) system, compound with
incongruent melting point – NaCl­ water system. Freezing mixtures.
2. Catalysis: 12h
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous catalysis, comparision with
examples. Kinetics of specific acid catalyzed reactions, inversion of cane
sugar. Kinetics of specific base catalyzed rreactions, base catalyzed
conversion of acetone to diacetone alcohol. Acid and base catalyzed reactions­