Land resources of central Nigeria Agricultural development ...

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TABLE 40 Types of agricultural development 1. Integrated agriculture 2. Mechanised farming Type of development Summary definition of development 3. Traditional grazing 4. Grazing reserves (a) In densely cultivated areas (b) In sparsely cultivated areas 5« Cattle ranotes and dairy farming 6//. Production forestry 6. Development for production of timber Development for production of firewood and poles 8. Protection forestry, reservation to protect areas against erosion or strict conservation resource* Establishment of integrated agricultural development projects aimed at increasing existing agricultural production per ha by improving infrastructure (communications, supply of agricultural inputs, produce marketing, credit facilities and extension service coverage). Run by a semi-autonomous project authority and making use of self-help wherever possible. Allied to general improvement of social services. As above but also able to increase production by increasing the area under cultivation and/or introducing 'mixed farming'. Establishment of large mechanised farms (? 1 000 ha) requiring a high level of management expertise and mechanisation of all stages of production from,land preparation to harvest. Good planning and adequate conservation measures are essential. Limited to sparsely cultivated areas. Improvement of traditional grazing including control of herd numbers, the elimination of unregulated loppirg and the introduction of forage species into natural grassland. These measures, together with the establishment of grazing reserves and the allocation of grazing rights, are components of a suggested programme to be organised at inter-State level. Limited to sparsely cultivated areaa. Establishment of reserves in the major traditional wet find dry season grazing areas and along migration routes, with additional reserves within areas free or being freed of tsetse by the eradication programme. Provision of adequate water supplies, veterinary services and improved natural grassland, coupled with strict control of stock numbers. Limited to sparsely cultivated areas. Establishment of ranches for 'growing out' cattle drawn from Pulani herd. Stock numbers restricted to 2 000 head until the viability of the ranch is established. Area not less than 2 000 ha per 1 000 head of cattle, with 1 200 ha for wet season and early dry.season grazing and 800 ha for fodder grass to provide additional dry season roughage. Supplementary dry season feeding by cottonseed, cottonseed cake, groundnut cake, brewers grains or molasses as available. Limited to sparsely cultivated areas. Establishment of dairy herds of not more than 100 milking cows. Total area not less than 250 ha, with 130 ha improved pastures for wet and dry-season grazing and 50 ha to provide additional dry season feed, supplemented by locally available concentratpp and crop residues. Development financed and managed by Government and covering a few to 100 ha in one location, usually for sawn timber production for local use, alternatively by a commercial company at minimum annual planting rate of 400 ha for sawn timber or pulp. Confined to forest reserves. (a) Production by State and Federal Departments in forest reserves. (b) Production by farmers on small woodlots, backed by extension service and management of indigenous forests (c) Extraction from areas of natural vegetation in forest reserves Protection of existing and establishment of new forest reserves in areas with slopes greater than 10$ (6°) where conservation is required. Protection required only in parts of area.
TABLI A4 Agricultural development possibilities in relation to administrative units and land systems in the Kaduna Plains Land systems suitable for different types of development - - Administrative 1. Integrated agriculture 2 5. 7. Firewood and poles production from - 3. * 4. Cattle ranc v (a) In densely b) In sparsely •feonanised Cattle ranc es 6 Traditional grazing a-d dairy 8. v es a-d dairy Timbet1(a) Forest reserves (b) (=) Protection cultivated cultivated farming and grasing reserves farming Farmers Natural forestry areas areas Name W voodlots vegetatior Kaduna State Birnln Gvarl 418,421,422, 418,422, LG area 426 426 Funtua 421,422,426, 418,421,422 418,422, 421,422,426,444,449 421,422,426, - Tudun Iya 449 421,422, LG area 449,450 426,444,449 426,449 444,449 Tumburkai. 449 449,450, 426 Ikara 425,429,445, 425,429,434, 448,451, 413,425,429,431,434, 425,429,434, _ Nasarava 443,448 443,448 425 1,2 LG area 448,450,451, 445,448,450, 425,429, 436,443,445,448,450, 448,445,451, Guaraka 448 450,451 451 434,445, 451 450,431 Ancnau V. 448,451 102 448,450, Kurmin Kog: 443,448 451 Gulma Rlv« 413,425 Jena'a 422,431,436, 410,415,422, 422,438 410,412,415,422,423, 410,415,422, 404, 422,431, 1,2,102, LG area 437,438,439, 435,436.437, 431,436,437,438,439, 431,436,437, 439 - - 436,437, - 401,404, 440 438 440 438,440 438,439 435 Kachia 416,431,435, 402,405,406, 411,419, 405,406,409,410,411, 406,409,410, 406, Kagarko 420,404 416,424 401,402, 1,2,102, LG area 440 409,410,411, 422,424, 412,413,416,417,419, 411,416,419, 419, Kabara 420 439,440 406,411, 401,404, 416,419,420, 427,428, 420,422,424,427,428, 420,422,424, 420, Kubacha 404 413,418, 435,405, 421,422,424, 429,431, 429,431,433,436,438, 427,428,429, 427, Bayide 422 422,428, 402,409 427,428,429, 432,433, 439,440 431,433,436, 428 Kurmin Bi 422 430,432, 430,431,432, 433,434,435, 438,439, 440 - 438,440 Kaguru Tukuruwa 422 422 429 436,438,440 Kakau Mando N, Mando S. Chaval Esc Libere Doks Hills Mai Ido 422 421,422 421.422 431.435 438 418 429 430 430 413,422 Kuftnln Btrl 432 Akvana E 411.422 V 419,428 Rahama Esc 436. 438 Kaduna, - . - - - - - . 422,446 - - LG areas Saminaka 405,407,414, 402,403,405, 414,418, 403,405,407,413,414, 403,405,407, Bakin Kogi 424,441 407,414 418,429 1,2,402, LG area 424,425,431, 435 407,414,418, 424,425,429, 424,425, 429,431, 424,425,429,431,433, 414,424,425, 436 429,431,433, . Kurmin Mai 414 431 414,431 435 430,431,433, 433 436 418 HI IllllJll Zarta 422,444,445, 418,422,426, 418,422, 422,426,429, 422,426,429, 422, Idasu 422 443, 413,422, . LG area 446,447,448, 429,444,445, 426,429, 444,445,446,. 444,445,446, 426, Fatika 422 447,449 429,446, 449,451 446,447,448, 445,448, 447,448,449, 447,448,449, 446 Kakangi 422,444 451 449,451,402 449,451 451 451 444 444 446 446 422 422 413,429 429,446 447,451 Niger State 406,428 402,405.406, . 419,427, 405,406,419,427,428, 405,406,419, 406, _ _ 406,428 _ 1,2,401, 427,428,436, 428 436 427,428,436 428 402,*06 438 Plateau State Barakin ladi 437,438 435.437,438 - 437,438 437,438 - - _ 438 _ 404,435 LG area Bassa 431,435 403,431,435 403-431, 403,431 - Jere 434 431 _ 1.2,435 LG area • " Limoro Chokobo 431 434 Keffl - 420 _ 420.436 420.436 _ _ 404 1,2,401. LC area 102.402, 404 Toro 414,431 414,431,435 414,431 . 414,431 414,431 _ _ „ LG area Kano State G var BO 450 _ . _ LG area »31 1.435 . - . - . • Tudun Vada LG area 414,425 414,425 414,425 414,425 414,425 - - 414,425 _ - 1 Ped. Cao. Terr. - 406,419,420, 428,436 406,419, 428 406,419,420,428,436 406,419,420, 428,436 - - „ _ _ 401 81
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f yrce Styd Land resources of centr
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Land Resources Development Centre L
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List of volumes Title: land resourc
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Contents LIST OF TEXT MAPS ix LIST
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TEXT MAPS following page 5.1 Projec
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Abstract and keywords ABSTRACT 2 Th
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Parti
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SUMMARY 2 The Kaduna Plains (39 850
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all statements are generalised of n
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REPORTING As the project area is so
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7°00' ii°30'ir SvA 7%\ 11°00' 10
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necessary before a realistic assess
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Part 2 Aspects of the environment T
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11°00' 10°30' 10°00' TEXT MAP 5.
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Table 1. During the rainy period, c
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The general relief features can be
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7°00' 7°30' 11°30' 11°00' 10°3
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KADUNA PLAINS-PHYSIOGRAPHIC UNITS T
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The landforms, therefore, being pre
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It is, therefore, impossible to pre
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low but well humified almost everyw
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example, have a characteristic comm
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Areas with more than ^60% cultivati
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1. The sorghum/maize farming system
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(now known as local government area
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Fodder trees The woody vegetation a
Page 53 and 54: e stocked more lightly and 113-4 ha
Page 55 and 56: Since the beginning of the Sahelian
Page 57 and 58: Part 3 Environmental limitations to
Page 59 and 60: CLIMATIC FACTORS IN RELATION TO CRO
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 5 Sunnary of main characteris
Page 63 and 64: TABLE 7 Dominant-soil chemical char
Page 65 and 66: TABLE 8 Dominant slope and range of
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 10 Summary of main characteri
Page 69 and 70: TABLE 11 Soil physical limitations
Page 71 and 72: a limit of 3% (approx. 1.5°) for m
Page 73 and 74: LAND SYSTEMS WITH FOUR CROP OPTIONS
Page 77 and 78: 2. Soil chemical characteristics So
Page 79 and 80: Forestry Most land systems have an
Page 83 and 84: 2. Soil chemical characteristics In
Page 85 and 86: Forestry Poles and firewood are rea
Page 89 and 90: 2. Soil chemical characteristics As
Page 95 and 96: TABLE 33 Dominant slope and range o
Page 99 and 100: TABLE 37 Dominant-soil chemical cha
Page 101 and 102: Forestry The land system is extensi
Page 103: Part 4 Development possibilities TY
Page 107 and 108: Present grazing status and cattle m
Page 109 and 110: KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.10 FOREST
Page 111 and 112: though some inputs should be made a
Page 113 and 114: organised into large blocks. All th
Page 115 and 116: iii. Continuation of the build-up o
Page 117 and 118: In sparsely cultivated areas the mo
Page 119 and 120: Management Due to the high capital
Page 121 and 122: slopes, so that the most favourable
Page 123 and 124: The cooperation and participation o
Page 125 and 126: KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.12 AREAS S
Page 127 and 128: 2. Main wet- and dry-season grazing
Page 129 and 130: TABLE 46 Areas suitable for locatio
Page 131 and 132: Cattle ranches The ranches will 'gr
Page 133 and 134: Fulani) 910 kg, cross bred Bunaji-F
Page 135 and 136: KADUNA PLAINS AREAS SUITABLE FOR CA
Page 137 and 138: provided they are sited within abou
Page 139 and 140: In Table 50 the estimated 1992 cons
Page 141 and 142: TABLE 51 Land systems in forest res
Page 143 and 144: The calorific value of firewood Bef
Page 145 and 146: TABLE 53 Estimates of volume of pol
Page 147 and 148: TABLE 56 Forest reserves recommende
Page 149 and 150: KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.1 6 FOREST
Page 151 and 152: From these data, a maximum total bi
Page 153 and 154: Watershed Management Project In the
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4. A socioeconomic study of Fulani
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transport available to the extensio
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Part 5
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (
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WALKER J & ROWNTREE P R (1976) The
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Appendix 1 Interpretation of soil d
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TABLE 2 Soil drainage classes defin
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TABLE 4 Soil texture as a factor li
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The assessment of coarse material a
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TABLE 8 Limitations due to phosphor
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TABLE 9a Nature and degree of limit
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it is classed as limitation categor
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Many of the silty or fine sandy sur
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8. In practice, a farmer is unlikel
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Appendix 4 Evaluation of the growth
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limitation score. This information
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*9 AITCHISON P J & GLOVER P E (1970
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24 JENKIN R N, ROSE INHES R, DUNSMO
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