Land resources of central Nigeria Agricultural development ...

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VEGETATION AND TSETSE DISTRIBUTION ON THE KADUNA PLAINS 7°00' 7°30' 30 -J I I L 8°30' 9°00' TEXT MAP 5.9 11°30' 11"00' 10°30' 9°30' Major road ir Local government headquarters o Town Minor road or track o Village = = = * Railway _ 9°00' 8°00' °30' 9°00' Kilometres 0 30 J l_ 1:1,500,000 Boundary of vegetation zones. Zones as described by Keay (1 949, 1 952 and 1 953). White (1 965) classifies the Isoberlinia doka as within the southern part of the Sudan zone and the savanna to its south as all of derived origin. Southern limit to distribution of Andropogon pseudapricus Glossina morsitans infestation 214 Vegetation sample site D.O.S. 3270J Prepared and printed by Directorate of Overseas Surveys 1978 60
example, have a characteristic community of woody plants and grasses. In the Derived Savanna Zone there is an open community of Afrormosia laxiflora and Lophira lanceolata and an herbaceous layer of Hyparrhenia smithiana and H. subplumosa or Andropogon ascinodis and Schizachryicum sanguineum. Further north, Isoberlinia spp., Monotes kerstingii and Uapaca togoensis are the chief trees, with a wide variety of grasses, including Ctenium newtonii, while further north still, in the Northern Guinea Savanna, Boswellia dalziellii is added to the shrub community and the grasses are even more varied. Comparable communities can be listed for deep well drained soils, deep poorly drained soils, floodplains and rocky areas. There are also distinctive grass and woody species successions following cultivation, fire and grazing where the dominance of man as the main ecological control is even more marked. In these often heavily used areas which tend to evolve into a park-like savanna (Blair Rains et al., 1977), only economically valuable species survive in the long term - for example, the shade trees Daniellia oliveri and Khaya senegalensis which, with Khaya grandifoliola, Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Acacia albida, are also valuable dry-season browse trees for cattle. Other species are retained for their fruit, such as Butyrospermum paradoxum, Tamarindus indica and Parkia clappertoniana. A significant aspect of the distribution of grasses in the area is that where heavy grazing is practised in the north an annual grass, Andropogon pseudapapricus, tends to become dominant in second-stage fallow. It has low nutritive value and is unacceptable to stock when mature. It is anticipated that with increasingly heavy use of the land,its spread outwards and southwards from major centres of population will continue. Control may not be easy because, while either long fallows or continual intensive cultivation will serve to eliminate it, these measures may be difficult to achieve in the very areas where grazing by local farmers' small herds is most desired. Competition for land between the traditional Fulani graziers and the cultivators is a contentious issue already in the intensively used land north of Zaria. This will increase as more and more land is taken up 21
Page 1 and 2: f yrce Styd Land resources of centr
Page 3 and 4: Land Resources Development Centre L
Page 5 and 6: List of volumes Title: land resourc
Page 7 and 8: Contents LIST OF TEXT MAPS ix LIST
Page 9 and 10: TEXT MAPS following page 5.1 Projec
Page 11 and 12: Abstract and keywords ABSTRACT 2 Th
Page 13 and 14: Parti
Page 15 and 16: SUMMARY 2 The Kaduna Plains (39 850
Page 17 and 18: all statements are generalised of n
Page 19 and 20: REPORTING As the project area is so
Page 21 and 22: 7°00' ii°30'ir SvA 7%\ 11°00' 10
Page 23 and 24: necessary before a realistic assess
Page 25 and 26: Part 2 Aspects of the environment T
Page 27 and 28: 11°00' 10°30' 10°00' TEXT MAP 5.
Page 29 and 30: Table 1. During the rainy period, c
Page 31 and 32: The general relief features can be
Page 33 and 34: 7°00' 7°30' 11°30' 11°00' 10°3
Page 35 and 36: KADUNA PLAINS-PHYSIOGRAPHIC UNITS T
Page 37 and 38: The landforms, therefore, being pre
Page 39 and 40: It is, therefore, impossible to pre
Page 41: low but well humified almost everyw
Page 45 and 46: Areas with more than ^60% cultivati
Page 47 and 48: 1. The sorghum/maize farming system
Page 49 and 50: (now known as local government area
Page 51 and 52: Fodder trees The woody vegetation a
Page 53 and 54: e stocked more lightly and 113-4 ha
Page 55 and 56: Since the beginning of the Sahelian
Page 57 and 58: Part 3 Environmental limitations to
Page 59 and 60: CLIMATIC FACTORS IN RELATION TO CRO
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 5 Sunnary of main characteris
Page 63 and 64: TABLE 7 Dominant-soil chemical char
Page 65 and 66: TABLE 8 Dominant slope and range of
Page 67 and 68: TABLE 10 Summary of main characteri
Page 69 and 70: TABLE 11 Soil physical limitations
Page 71 and 72: a limit of 3% (approx. 1.5°) for m
Page 73 and 74: LAND SYSTEMS WITH FOUR CROP OPTIONS
Page 77 and 78: 2. Soil chemical characteristics So
Page 79 and 80: Forestry Most land systems have an
Page 83 and 84: 2. Soil chemical characteristics In
Page 85 and 86: Forestry Poles and firewood are rea
Page 89 and 90: 2. Soil chemical characteristics As
Page 91 and 92: TABLE 30 Summary of main characteri
Page 93 and 94:
TABLE 31 Soil physical limitations
Page 95 and 96:
TABLE 33 Dominant slope and range o
Page 97 and 98:
TABLE 35 Summary of main characteri
Page 99 and 100:
TABLE 37 Dominant-soil chemical cha
Page 101 and 102:
Forestry The land system is extensi
Page 103 and 104:
Part 4 Development possibilities TY
Page 105 and 106:
TABLI A4 Agricultural development p
Page 107 and 108:
Present grazing status and cattle m
Page 109 and 110:
KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.10 FOREST
Page 111 and 112:
though some inputs should be made a
Page 113 and 114:
organised into large blocks. All th
Page 115 and 116:
iii. Continuation of the build-up o
Page 117 and 118:
In sparsely cultivated areas the mo
Page 119 and 120:
Management Due to the high capital
Page 121 and 122:
slopes, so that the most favourable
Page 123 and 124:
The cooperation and participation o
Page 125 and 126:
KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.12 AREAS S
Page 127 and 128:
2. Main wet- and dry-season grazing
Page 129 and 130:
TABLE 46 Areas suitable for locatio
Page 131 and 132:
Cattle ranches The ranches will 'gr
Page 133 and 134:
Fulani) 910 kg, cross bred Bunaji-F
Page 135 and 136:
KADUNA PLAINS AREAS SUITABLE FOR CA
Page 137 and 138:
provided they are sited within abou
Page 139 and 140:
In Table 50 the estimated 1992 cons
Page 141 and 142:
TABLE 51 Land systems in forest res
Page 143 and 144:
The calorific value of firewood Bef
Page 145 and 146:
TABLE 53 Estimates of volume of pol
Page 147 and 148:
TABLE 56 Forest reserves recommende
Page 149 and 150:
KADUNA PLAINS TEXT MAP 5.1 6 FOREST
Page 151 and 152:
From these data, a maximum total bi
Page 153 and 154:
Watershed Management Project In the
Page 155 and 156:
4. A socioeconomic study of Fulani
Page 157 and 158:
transport available to the extensio
Page 159 and 160:
Part 5
Page 161 and 162:
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (
Page 163 and 164:
WALKER J & ROWNTREE P R (1976) The
Page 165 and 166:
Appendix 1 Interpretation of soil d
Page 167 and 168:
TABLE 2 Soil drainage classes defin
Page 169 and 170:
TABLE 4 Soil texture as a factor li
Page 171 and 172:
The assessment of coarse material a
Page 173 and 174:
TABLE 8 Limitations due to phosphor
Page 175 and 176:
TABLE 9a Nature and degree of limit
Page 177 and 178:
it is classed as limitation categor
Page 179 and 180:
Many of the silty or fine sandy sur
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8. In practice, a farmer is unlikel
Page 183 and 184:
Appendix 4 Evaluation of the growth
Page 185 and 186:
limitation score. This information
Page 187 and 188:
*9 AITCHISON P J & GLOVER P E (1970
Page 189 and 190:
24 JENKIN R N, ROSE INHES R, DUNSMO
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