Delimitation Equity Project Resource Guide - IFES
Delimitation Equity Project Resource Guide - IFES
Delimitation Equity Project Resource Guide - IFES
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<strong>Delimitation</strong> <strong>Equity</strong> <strong>Project</strong><br />
Appendix B: Population by State (in thousands).............................................................................. 293<br />
Appendix C: Change in Seat Allocation, 1994 to 2002..................................................................... 295<br />
CHAPTER 12: CASE STUDY: NEW ZEALAND ........................................................................................ 297<br />
Electoral System ................................................................................................................................ 299<br />
Maori Representation......................................................................................................................... 299<br />
Legal Framework for Redistribution ................................................................................................. 300<br />
Table 12.1: Electorates by year and percentage outside tolerance................................................................ 303<br />
Table 12.2: General and Maori Electoral Populations.................................................................................. 304<br />
Redistribution Procedures.................................................................................................................. 305<br />
Conclusion......................................................................................................................................... 307<br />
Appendix A: New Zealand Electoral Districts, April 2002 ............................................................... 309<br />
Appendix B: New Zealand Electoral Districts, April 2002, Population and Variation from Population<br />
Quotas................................................................................................................................................ 313<br />
CHAPTER 13: CASE STUDY: SINGAPORE .............................................................................................. 317<br />
Electoral System ................................................................................................................................ 319<br />
Table 13.1: Single-member and Group Constituencies in 2001 ..................................................................... 320<br />
Impact of the Party Bloc Vote and GRCs..........................................................................................320<br />
Table 13.2: Election Outcomes since introduction of GRCs .......................................................................... 321<br />
Legal Framework for Redistribution ................................................................................................. 321<br />
Redistribution Criteria ....................................................................................................................... 322<br />
Redistricting in Recent Elections....................................................................................................... 322<br />
Conclusion......................................................................................................................................... 324<br />
Appendix A: Singapore Electoral Map in 2001................................................................................. 327<br />
Appendix B: 2001 General Election Results ..................................................................................... 329<br />
Appendix C: Changes to the Electoral Map Made Prior to 1997 General Elections ......................... 331<br />
Appendix D: Parliamentary Elections Act Section 8A...................................................................... 333<br />
CHAPTER 14: CASE STUDY: UNITED KINGDOM .................................................................................. 335<br />
Vivian Committee Recommendations for Redistribution.................................................................. 338<br />
The Redistribution Acts of 1944 and 1958 ........................................................................................338<br />
Current Rules for Redistribution........................................................................................................ 339<br />
Steps in the Commission Process ...................................................................................................... 340<br />
The Public Consultation Process ....................................................................................................... 341<br />
Problems with the Review Process.................................................................................................... 342<br />
CHAPTER 15: CASE STUDY: THE UNITED STATES .............................................................................. 345<br />
Congress ............................................................................................................................................ 347<br />
Reapportionment................................................................................................................................ 347<br />
Redistricting....................................................................................................................................... 348<br />
Equality of Population ....................................................................................................................... 348<br />
Equality of Opportunity for Minorities.............................................................................................. 348<br />
Traditional Districting Principles....................................................................................................... 350<br />
Table 15.1: 1990s Districting Principles Used by Each State (in addition to population equality) ............... 351<br />
Reporting the Census......................................................................................................................... 352<br />
Drawing the Boundaries .................................................................................................................... 352<br />
Role of the Courts.............................................................................................................................. 353<br />
CHAPTER 16: CASE STUDY: YEMEN..................................................................................................... 355<br />
Background........................................................................................................................................ 357<br />
The 2002 <strong>Delimitation</strong> Process.......................................................................................................... 358<br />
Table 16.1: Number of Administrative Divisions, Parliamentary and Local Constituencies, and Voting Centers<br />
by Governorate............................................................................................................................................... 359<br />
The 2005 <strong>Delimitation</strong> Process.......................................................................................................... 360<br />
Using GIS for Delimiting Constituencies in Yemen.......................................................................... 361<br />
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