(Ed) 2006. Energy policies for sustainable development in South Africa

26 ENERGY POLICIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
Table 3.1: Global energy and electricity consumption, 2000
Source: IEA (2002a)
Total primary energy supply
/capita
Toe/capita
Electricity consumption
TWh
South Africa 2.51 194
Africa 0.64 399
South Korea 4.10 279
Indonesia 0.69 82
Non-OECD 0.96 5 038
OECD 4.78 9 077
World 1.67 14 115
Note: TPES is shown per person, while electricity consumption is the total for whole countries or regions
Table 3.2: Global electrification rates in 2000
Electrification
rate
Source: IEA (2002b)
Population without
electricity
Population with
electricity
% million million
South Africa 66.1 14.5 28.3
Africa 34.3 522.3 272.7
Indonesia 53.4 98.0 112.4
Developing countries 64.2 1 634.2 2 930.7
OECD 99.2 8.5 1108.3
World 72.8 1644.5 4 390.4
3.1.3 Demand for electricity
Electricity has played, and continues to play, a particular role in the South African
economy. It represents a modern energy service to those who have been denied access in
the past, and it is a major input of industrial development. It makes up 22% of final energy
demand in the country, but this figure understates the role that electricity plays as a high
quality energy carrier. In industry and manufacturing, the electricity-intensive industries are
some of the largest contributors to economic growth and exports, and they take up more
than 60% of national electricity sales (Trollip 1996; Berger 2000; DME 2000). Figure 3.4
breaks down final energy demand by carrier, and shows that liquid fuels and gas make up
the largest single share, followed by coal and electricity.
The flow of electricity from production, through distribution, to end use customers is shown
in Figure 3.5. (Note: the percentages for different sectors in Figure 3.5 are for electricity
only, while those in Figure 3.2 are for all forms of energy).