Managing the Miombo Woodlands of Southern Africa - PROFOR

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iggest challenge for the region’s forest organizations is the need to move from their earlier roles, which were largely regulatory, to roles that have a much stronger service-delivery orientation, aligned with the poverty mitigation agenda. The skill set that currently characterizes forest organizations in the miombo region, and the budget processes that allocate public resources for forest management, is largely not relevant for meeting the challenges of management. Similarly, with only a few exceptions, forest research institutions have demonstrated a limited understanding of the complexities of management to meet local needs. It may be that the current roles of forest organizations need to be greatly reduced to focus on a few strategic themes, and that wider responsibilities for service delivery should shift to other institutions with greater capacity for engaging local stakeholders in improving natural resource management. Finally, because of the miombo’s critical role in mitigating the impacts of poverty, the impacts of deforestation and degradation need to be more fully incorporated into development planning in a manner that accounts for the costs of providing the alternative safety nets. Conversely, by improving the capacity for local woodland management through changes in the policy framework, the role of safety nets for mitigating the impacts of rural poverty can be greatly enhanced. The management of dry woodlands is unlikely ever to be a path out of poverty, but it can do a great deal for reducing its negative impacts. 8 MANAGING THE MIOMBO WOODLANDS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was prepared by a team led by Peter Dewees, with the Agriculture and Rural Development Department of the World Bank. The team comprised staff from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and its partner institutions, including Bruce Campbell, Yemi Katerere, Almeida Sitoe, Tony Cunningham, Arild Angleson, and Sven Wunder, with additional inputs from Alan Ogle and Paddy Abbott. Comprehensive peer review comments were provided by Grant Milne, Marjory Anne Bromhead, and Stephen Mink of the World Bank and were greatly appreciated. A second volume of technical annexes, which provided much of the background material for this report, was prepared by a team of researchers composed of Charles Jumbe, Sam Bwalya, Madeleen Husselman, Manyewu Mutamba, Almeida Salomão, Frank Matose, Ravi Hegde, Gary Bull, Will Cavendish, Bruce Campbell, Charlie Shackleton, Jeanette Clarke, Paddy Abbot, and Alan Ogle. Their institutional affiliations are noted in the technical annexes. Peter Frost provided the map on miombo distribution and Fiona Paumgarten, Emmanuel Luoga, and Mutemwe Kavalo assisted in compiling information on national budgets and decentralization. In addition to the feedback provided by extensive review and discussion among members of the research team, the technical annexes have been independently peer reviewed. The review process has immensely enriched and improved the technical annexes, and the authors express their appreciation for the feedback. This work was funded primarily by the World Bank-administered Trust Fund for Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development (financed by the Governments of Finland and Norway) and by the multi-donor Program on Forests (PROFOR). Additional staff time was contributed by CIFOR through the SIDA-funded dry forests project. POLICIES, INCENTIVES, AND OPTIONS FOR THE RURAL POOR 9
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Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 7 and 8: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Miombo woodlands
Page 9: Low margins and shallow markets for
Page 13 and 14: 1 INTRODUCTION Miombo woodlands are
Page 15 and 16: TABLE 1.1. DEFORESTATION RATES IN C
Page 17 and 18: TABLE 1.3. INDICATORS OF POVERTY FO
Page 19 and 20: BOX 1.1. POVERTY TRAPS AND THE MIOM
Page 21 and 22: 2 CONTEXT: EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES F
Page 23 and 24: growing on scarce, clay-rich soils
Page 25 and 26: These studies all record high level
Page 27 and 28: project-driven, and interest was ca
Page 29 and 30: forest-dwelling communities. PES sc
Page 31 and 32: BOX 2.1. TAPPING NEW MARKETS: PHYTO
Page 33 and 34: Urbanization rates are high for mos
Page 35 and 36: 2.6 SUMMARY We have attempted to sh
Page 37 and 38: 3 DIAGNOSIS: WHY IS MIOMBO NOT BETT
Page 39 and 40: a few, high-value resources. They h
Page 41 and 42: and getting timber through checkpoi
Page 43 and 44: environmental policies) are seldom
Page 45 and 46: Moving beyond the level of househol
Page 47 and 48: has a number of negative consequenc
Page 49 and 50: of beeswax annually (Nhantumbo and
Page 51 and 52: Forest policies have not been condu
Page 53 and 54: 4 SOLUTIONS: HOW CAN THE MANAGEMENT
Page 55 and 56: FIGURE 4.1. FORESTRY AND POVERTY RE
Page 57 and 58: particularly if carbon markets deve
Page 59 and 60: 4.4 FOUR IMMEDIATE ENTRY POINTS FOR
Page 61 and 62:
the right instrument for achieving
Page 63 and 64:
health services and weak political
Page 65 and 66:
5 REFERENCES Abbot, J.I.O. and K.A.
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Chidumayo, E.N., J. Gambiza, and I.
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Kambewa, P.S., B.F. Mataya, W.K. Si
Page 71 and 72:
Moore, K. and J.E. Hall. 1987. “R
Page 73 and 74:
Shackleton, S., B.M. Campbell, H. L
Page 75 and 76:
Wunder, S. Forthcoming. “Payments
Page 77:
THE MIOMBO WOODLANDS ARE THE MOST E
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