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DSTO-TR-1159 6. Future Directions The ESM federate currently meets all requirements for participating as an execution managed federate within the Sensor Data Fusion scenario. A logical future development is to increase the fidelity of the ESM model as it currently stands. One such development would be to use the radar sensor tasking to model the received signal power levels in the side-lobes of the radar beam pattern. This would require information about the radar beam pattern in both the azimuth and elevation directions. This information is currently not available for the ESM federate. A judgement would be required to determine if modelling the side-lobe power levels was actually beneficial to the scenario under consideration. In the ESM federate the only propagation loss that is calculated between any radar and the ESM system is the 1 / R 2 spatial factor. Signal propagation between the ESM and radars certainly needs to be addressed. A ray trace method could possibly be used to determine the propagation path from the radar to the ESM receiver. The current method adopted for the Virtual Ship Architecture is that each sensor performs its own propagation modelling. This method can however lead to inconsistencies as the propagation can be modelled differently by the various sensors. As a result a central propagation federate is currently being proposed for the Virtual Ship. The advent of such a propagation federate would provide an excellent method for modelling additional propagation losses relevant to the ESM federate. In addition to improving the fidelity of the current ESM model, additional ES models that represent specific ES systems could be integrated into the Virtual Ship using the infrastructure that has already been developed. For these models to provide useful information on the performance of a realistic ES system in the maritime environment some of the issues that need to be considered are receiver architectures, ESM search strategies, the impact of the emitter environment, receiver antenna patterns and ambiguities in the ES threat library. A service set that is offered by the RTI but not currently implemented by the ESM federate is Data Distribution Management. This service provides a data filtering mechanism and is worth exploring as part of the future developments of the ESM federate. As an example this service could be utilised so that any radar that is operating with a frequency outside the detectable limits of the ESM system will be filtered by the RTI and hence not seen by the ESM federate. From a broader perspective, the involvement of Electronic Warfare Division (EWD) in the Virtual Ship project should be extended with the inclusion of Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) modelling. The incorporation of a NULKA model into the Virtual Ship would provide one ECM method that would be most beneficial. Other ECM that could be included are jamming and chaff. It needs to be stressed here that these counter measure systems will only benefit the Virtual Ship if other participating federates have sufficient fidelity to model the effect of the ECM on their systems. 28
DSTO-TR-1159 7. Acknowledgements The author would like to acknowledge the contributions from all members of the Virtual Ship group in both the construction of the ESM federate and the preparation of this document. In particular the contributions from Anthony Cramp were instrumental in developing and integrating the ESM federate into the Virtual Ship Architecture. Grant Horsfall, John Best and Anthony Cramp also reviewed the manuscript. 8. References 1. Best, J.P. et al. (2000) Virtual Ship Architecture Description Document Issue 1.00. DSTO- GD-0257. 2. URL - http://hla.dmso.mil/tech/omtspec.html 3. Cramp, A. and Best, J.P. (2001) Execution Management in the Virtual Ship Architecture Issue 1.00. DSTO-GD-0258. 4. Base Classes and Utilities, In preparation. 5. Best, J.P. (2000) Coordinate Usage in the Virtual Ship Architecture Issue 1.00. DSTO-GD-0260. 29
Page 1 and 2: Constructing an Infrastructure to F
Page 3: Constructing an Infrastructure to F
Page 7: Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ..........
Page 10 and 11: DSTO-TR-1159 Federation Federate 1
Page 12 and 13: DSTO-TR-1159 and interaction tables
Page 14 and 15: DSTO-TR-1159 Start Join Initialise
Page 16 and 17: DSTO-TR-1159 s z E z Oe = Os e z e
Page 18 and 19: DSTO-TR-1159 Table 3: Object table
Page 20 and 21: DSTO-TR-1159 3.2.4 enableTimeManage
Page 22 and 23: DSTO-TR-1159 3.4.3 Object Managemen
Page 24 and 25: DSTO-TR-1159 VSEMFederate ESMFedera
Page 26 and 27: DSTO-TR-1159 Start Dead-reckon ESM
Page 28 and 29: DSTO-TR-1159 and the subscript j de
Page 30 and 31: DSTO-TR-1159 4.3 Line of Sight Calc
Page 32 and 33: DSTO-TR-1159 The reference system i
Page 34 and 35: DSTO-TR-1159 4.6 Tracks Each time t
Page 38 and 39: DSTO-TR-1159 9. List of Acronyms EC
Page 40 and 41: DSTO-TR-1159 32
Page 42 and 43: EWSTIS softcopy for accession to EW
Page 44 and 45: INFORMATION EXCHANGE AGREEMENT PART

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