RESEARCH NEWS - National Dairy Research Institute

Vol. 11, No. 4 January to March, 2007
Production of Transgenic Buffalo Embryos by
Pronuclear Injection
(V. Verma and M. S. Chauhan)
Oocytes obtained from slaughterhouse
buffalo ovaries were subjected to in vitro
maturation and fertilization for producing
transgenic embryos through pronuclear
microinjection technique. Following
centrifugation of presumed zygotes, they
were microinjected with a cytomegal
ovirus-enhanced green fluorescent protein
(CMV-EGFP) DNA construct. The cleavage
rate and development to morulae/
blastocysts were higher (P

NDRI News
January to March, 2007
midpiece and principal piece regions of the
flagellum and suggested for increased
activity of flagellum during buffalo sperm
capacitation. Thus, protein tyrosine
phosphorylation is a key intracellular event
during capacitation of buffalo spermatozoa
and modulation of this event is dependent
on the ROS status of the cell.
Buffalo Chymosin Expressed in Pichia pastoris
for Application in Cheese Industry
(V. K. Batish, Sunita Grover, A. K. Mohanty,
J. K. Kaushik and S.K. Kanawjia
Chymosin is an aspartyl protease secreted
in the fourth stomach (abomasum) of the
suckling ruminants. Bovine (cattle) calf
chymosin popularly known as calf rennet
is the milk clotting enzyme present
predominantly in the cheese rennet which
has been traditionally used as the key
ingredient for cheese making in the dairy
industry and the typical cheese flavor is
principally attributed to this enzyme. In
view of considerable commercial interest
in this high value product with potential
application in Cheese/Pizza market in the
country, a study was undertaken with the
objective of expressing buffalo chymosin
in Pichia pastoris - a methylotropic yeast
and subsequent application of the
recombinant protein in cheese preparation
from buffalo milk.
By exploring RT-PCR technology, the
complete buffalo prochymosin gene was
fished out from the functional genomics
extracted from the abomassum of suckling
buffalo calves. The complete nucleotide
sequence and the deduced amino acid
sequence of the buffalo prochymosin were
determined by PCR cloning in E. coli and
Pichia pastoris host –vector systems. After
ascertaining the authenticity of the gene
of interest at nucleotide sequence level in
the recombinant expression vector,
buffalo prochymosin was finally
expressed as a fusion protein in the
culture supernatant of Pichia pastoris on
methanol induction. The expression of the
buffalo prochymosin from selected clones
was ascertained by SDS –PAGE, western
blot and milk clotting activity.
2
Fig. 1. Milk clotting activity of buffalo
recombinant chymosin
Fig. 2. Mozzarella Cheese prepared with
buffalo recombinant chymosin
The maximum production of buffalo
recombinant chymosin by one of the
selected clones occurred in BMMY whey
based medium supplemented with 1.5%
casamino acids after 96 hrs of methanol
induction at 28 o C. The milk clotting
activity (Fig. 1) in the culture supernatant
was recorded at 3.4 min in shake flask and
100 seconds in the fermenter. The total
milk clotting activity in the spent medium
obtained after 96 hrs in a 10 litre fermenter
was 1000 units and total protein content
was 474 mg with specific activity of 2.10.
The buffalo recombinant chymosin from
the spent medium was purified to
homogeneity by DEAE cellulose
chromatography and FPLC using MonoQ.
The expressed recombinant buffalo
chymosin was detected on SDS-PAGE and
ascertained by western blotting. Partially
purified recombinant buffalo chymosin
was successfully used as a milk clotting
enzyme in the production of Mozzarella
cheese from buffalo milk and the quality
of the cheese made with recombinant
enzyme has been comparable with that
of cheese made with Meito rennet
(Fig. 2).
Probiotic Dahi Delays the Progression of High
Fructose-induced Diabetes in Rats
(Hariom Yadav and P. R. Sinha)
Diabetes is a chronic disease which affects
a large part of the population globally and
it is increasing rapidly. India is having
largest number of the diabetics in the
world. Various therapeutical strategies
have been applied for the prevention and/
or treatment of diabetes, in which the
consumption of functional foods is an
effective one without side effects. Dahi is
an indigenous Indian fermented milk
product which is a counterpart of the
yogurt in the western world and
considered as a functional food due to its
nutritional and therapeutical values in
India. Dahi is mainly prepared by
inoculating the mesophilic cultures i.e.
Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus lactis ssp
diacetylactis, Lactococcus cremoris and
Leuconostoc citrovorum in Indian homes, but
some times other cultures such as probiotic
bacteria can be supplemented, which
enhances the biological efficacy of dahi. In
the present study, the probiotic dahi was
prepared by inoculating standard probiotic
Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus
casei alongwith Lactococcus lactis ssp
diacetylactis and was evaluated for the
antidiabetic effect during progression of
diabetes in high fructose fed rats. This
study was the first attempt to establish the
antidiabetic potential of dahi. The results
showed that normally feeding of 21% high
fructose diet impaired glucose tolerance
test after 3 weeks of the experimental
period. However, feeding of probiotic dahi
for 4 weeks delayed the attainment of
impaired glucose tolerance test as
compared to diabetic control animals fed
with only high fructose diet. Moreover,
after 8 weeks of the experimental period,
the area under curve values (for testing
glucose tolerance) was also significantly
lower in probiotic dahi fed animals as
compared with diabetic control animals.
The results indicated that the feeding of
probiotic dahi significantly delayed the
high fructose induced type 2 diabetes.
Vol. 11 No. 4

January to March, 2007
NDRI News
Shelf life Extension of Pizza through Modified Atmosphere
Packaging
(Preeti Singh, G. K. Goyal)
At present, the shelf life of pizza is hardly one day.
Its low shelf life is mainly due to microbial and
physico-chemical changes. Hence, a study was
planned to increase the shelf life of pizza by using
modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technique.
Two types of pizza samples namely ready-to-bake
and baked (ready-to-serve) were packaged in high
barrier bags (LLD/BA*/Nylon-6/BA*/LDPE)
under four different atmospheres and stored at 7
± 1ºC. Periodically, both types of pizza samples
were evaluated for changes in Physico-chemical,
textural, microbiological and sensory
characteristics. The experiments confirmed the
preservative effect of CO 2
under MAP. The studies
further revealed that the shelf life of pizza could
be increased upto 15 days (a 300% increase) for
ready-to-bake pizza, and 45 days (a 300% increase)
for ready-to-serve pizza at 7 ± 1ºC by using MAP
technique.
Pizza prepared from baked sample
stored at 7+1º C for 15 days
(air atm 1)
Pizza prepared from baked sample
stored at 7+ 1 ºC for 45 days
(100% N 2
atm 3)
Pizza prepared from baked sample
stored at 7+1º C for 45 days
( 100% CO 2
atm2 )
Pizza prepared from baked sample
stored at 7+ 1º C for 45 days
(50%CO 2
: 50% N 2
- atm 4)
ACADEMIC AFFAIRS/DEEMED AIRS/DEEMED UNIVERSITY NEWS
Scholars Qualified for the Award of Ph.D. Degree
Name of the Student Guide/Discipline Title of Thesis
Mr. Suneel Kumar Onteru Dr. M. K. Sharma Cloning and sequencing of Murrah buffalo CYP19 (Aromatase P450) gene and its
(Animal Biochemistry) polymorphism in anestrus animals
Ms. Shalini Jain Dr. P. R. Sinha Immunomodulatory consequences of oral administration of probiotic dahi in mice
(Animal Biochemistry)
Ms. Renu Sagwal Dr. V. K. Kansal Intervention of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and calcium on adipogenesis and body
(Animal Biochemistry) sliming
Mr. Sarvesh Raghav Dr. T. K. Datta Expression profile of GDF-9, BMP-15, HAS-2 genes during in vitro maturation of
(Animal Biotechnology) follicular oocytes and their characterization in buffalo.
Mr.Sanjeev Kumar Dr. R. S. Manik Cryopreservation of buffalo oocytes by slow freezing and utilization
(Animal Biotechnology)
Mr.Vinod Verma Dr. M. S. Chauhan Studies on transgenic embryo production in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
(Animal Biotechnology)
Mr. Pradeep Kumar Malik Dr. K. K. Singhal Effect of dietary leguminous fodder on methane and nitrous oxide emission
(Animal Nutrition) from ruminants
Mr. Nitin Tyagi Dr. S. S. Thakur Milk production and reproductive performance of cows fed on bypass supplemented
(Animal Nutrition) ration
Mr. Goutam Mondal Dr. R. C. Chopra Effect of rumen degradation and undegradable protein levels on reproductive
(Animal Nutrition) performance in crossbred cows
Mr. Aminur Rashid Khan Dr. S. B. Aggarwal An economic analysis of milk production systems in new Alluvial zone of West Bengal
(Dairy Economics)
Mr. Vikram Singh Dr. Jancy Gupta Status of clean milk production at field level in Rajasthan: A comprehensive study
(Dairy Extn. Education)
Ms. Ch. Srilatha Vani Dr. B. S. Malik Dairy micro-enterprise management among women entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh.
(Dairy Extn. Education)
Vol. 11 No. 4
3

NDRI News
January to March, 2007
ALUMNI CORNER
NDRI Students Get Hefty Pay Packages
Dr. Vinod Verma (Guide: Dr. M. S.
Chauhan) and Mr. Sanjeev Kumar
(Guide: Dr. R. S. Manik) of Animal
Dr. Vonod Verma
Dr. Sanjeev Kumar
Biotechnology Centre joined Ag Research
Ruakura Campus, New Zealand and
Institute for Cellular Medicine, S.R.L. San
Jose, Costa Rica, respectively. They
completed Ph.D. in March, 2007.
Dr. Sanjeev Kumar got the pay package of
70,000 US$ (Rs. 30 lakh approximately) per
annum and Dr. Vinod Verma got the pay
package of 53,163 US$ (Rs. 22 lakh
approximately) per annum. Both of them
are working in the area of stem cell. It is
great honour for the group (M. S. Chauhan,
R. S. Manik, P. Palta, S. K. Singla and
S. L. Goswami) working in stem cell area.
NDRI Alumnus Invited to Meeting of Nobel
Laureates (Physiology & Medicine)
Dr. Mohan Mandal, an Alumnus of NDRI
who did Ph.D. in Dairy Cattle Physiology
under Dr. B. S. Prakash
and is presently a
scientist in Animal
Physiology at NRC
on Mithun has
been selected for
Dr. Mohan Mandal
participation in the 57 th
Meeting of Nobel Laureates (Physiology
& Medicine) scheduled to be held from July
1-6, 2007 in Lindau, Germany. Dr. Mandal
has been selected on the basis of his
excellent academic and research pursuits
and will be among the few young scientists
from the world to have been invited for
the special Meeting at Lindau.
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOG
OGY
KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA (KVK)/DAIRY
TRAINING CENTER (DTC)
Training Programmes Organised
During the period under report, a total of
43 training programmes (both On-campus
and Off-campus & training-cum-visits) on
different aspects of dairy production and
processing, crop production, vermiculture,
bee-keeping, fish farming and home
science were organized participated by
1033 farmers, rural/farm-women, rural
youth, extension functionaries, Animal
Husbandry Officers, Vety. Pharmacists
and HAU teachers.
The mandays trained were 3564. KVK
organized 17 sponsored training
programmes for 68 Extension functionaries
(Animal Husbandry Officers & Vety.
Pharmacist) sponsored by Govt. of Himachal
Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI giving
away certificates to the extension functionaries
Pradesh; 69 farmers from SIRD, Assam, 23
Extension functionaries sponsored by Dairy
4
Dr. S. L. Goswami, Joint Director (Res.), NDRI
addressing the participants of Rural Dairy
Entrepreneur Development Programme at KVK
Development Depart-ment, Uttaranchal;
28 women members of Self-Help Group
sponsored by DRDA, Bhiwani; 90 farmers
& farm-women sponsored by Govt. of
Bihar; 87 farmers sponsored by Deputy
Director, Animal Health/Breeding,
Himachal Pradesh. One special training
programme of 10 days duration in
Graphics & Multimedia production was
organized for teachers of HAU.
On-Farm-Trials
The KVK conducted location specific trials
on the use of Dahi culture NCDC-167 at
four places, three in Karnal and one at
Nilokheri. The four Dairy Processing
Owners were provided Dahi culture
for making of curd. The scientific
methodology for preparation of Dahi using
the NDRI Dahi culture was demonstrated
at each location and the curd thus prepared
was checked on various parameters.
REVENUE GENERATED BY KVK
(January to March, 2007)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
• Training Fee of KVK courses 3,600
• Training Fee from sponsored courses 2,90,489
• Tuition Fee from visits conducted 17,000
• Crop Production Unit 3,37,040
• Horticulture Unit 2,500
• Vermiculture Unit 95
• Bee-keeping Unit 16,952
• Fisheries Unit 7,238
• Room Rent from Farmers’ Hoste 30,190
• Dairy Vikas Kendras 27,152
• Sale of Books 1,725
Total 7,33,981
CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Revenue Generated through Consultancy
Services (January to March, 2007)
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
• Sale of Semen : 4,56,913
• Sponsored Res. Project : 3,28,575
• Supply of Cultures : 71,300
• Analytical Work : 17,900
• Training Charges : 1,68,500
• Consultancy Services : 52,369
• C. D. Charges : 750
• Sale of Kit : 10,600
Total : 11, 06,907
Vol. 11 No. 4

January to March, 2007
NDRI News
Exhibitions Organised
The following exhibitions of KVK activities
were organized :
• At CSSRI, Karnal during Kisan Mela
organized on 1 st March, 2007.
• At KVK adopted village Kailash on the
ccasion of Women Empowerment Day
on 7 th March, 2007.
• At National Institute of Horticultural
Research & Development Foundation,
Salaru, Distt. Karnal on the occasion of
State Level Seminar organized on
14.03.2007.
Animal Health Management Activities
Various animal health management
activities were organized through
Stockman centres in adopted villages of
KVK. At these centres, a total of 2294 cases
were attended out of which 688 cattle and
400 buffaloes were artificially inseminated
and as a result 330 calves were born.
Pregnancy Diagnosis in 38 cattle and 58
buffaloes was carried out. Besides these,
59 animals were treated, 58 dehorned, 13
were treated for infertility and 650 were
vaccinated against FMD. Two Animal
Health Management Campaigns for Ecto
& Endo-parasitic control and infertility
treatment were organized in which
9 animals were given general treatment,
320 treated against tick control, 86 given
deworming doses and 21 given infertility
treatment.
RECENT HAPPENINGS
A Workshop on Institute-Industry Dialogue on
Participatory Research
A workshop on “Institute-Industry
Dialogue on Participatory Research” was
organized by the Dairy Technology Society
of India at NDRI, Karnal on 24 th January,
A view of inaugural session of National
Workshop on Institute Industry Dialogue on
Participatory Research
2007. The workshop aimed at creating a
workable model that would address the
problems of the industry as well as the
researchers. It was attended by delegates
from academic institutions, dairy industry
and funding agencies.
Research-Extension-Industry-Farmer-
Interface for Dairy Development
Research-Extension-Industry-Farmer-
Interface for Dairy Development was
organised by Dairy Extension Division,
NDRI, Karnal during 6 th – 7 th Feb., 2007 with
the inherent objective of analyzing the
concerned issues together, in order to
develop ideas, identify the solutions and
to take concrete steps to realize them. The
interface was inaugurated by Dr. V. K.
Taneja, Vice Chancellor, Guru Angad Dev
Veterinary and Animal Science University,
Ludhiana, Punjab.
Vol. 11 No. 4
Dr. V.K. Taneja, VC, Guru Angad Dev
Veterinary and Animal Science University,
Ludhiana releasing a lecture compendium
during Research-Extension Industry Farmer
Interface for Dairy Development at NDRI, Karnal
A total of 300 delegates from all over India
participated. Four technical sessions viz.
Extension Perspectives for Dairy
Development, Dairy Scenario in Various
States, Field Experience and Support
Strategies, Role of Financial Institutions
were organised. An exhibition was also
organized on this occasion, wherein various
stakeholders of dairy development in India
such as ICAR Institutes, NGOs, Input
Agencies, Feed companies, Veterinary
Pharmaceuticals and dairy processing
companies participated. The most
important aspect of this Interface was the
Question-Answer session. In this session,
several dairy farmers including women
farmers engaged in dairying participated
actively by highlighting their respective
problems vis-à-vis dairy farming practices.
Majority of their questions pertained to the
problems associated with dairy cattle/
buffalo breeding as well as feeding system
. The penal discussion, organized as a part
of Interface, was a unique feature which
paved way for face to face communication
rather than presentation of papers. It
facilitated fostering the diversity of thoughts
that stimulated exchange of ideas of policy
makers, extensionists, researchers and
farmers. Overall the REIF Interface
provided opportunity for dairy researchers
and development personnel to understand
the field oriented problems and experience
so that research could be streamlined to
develop appropriate intervention and
address the needs of dairy farmers. Ch. Ved
Pal, Member BOM (NDRI), chaired the
plenary session and emphasized the focus
on the transfer of technologies for the benefit
of dairy farmers in particular and the over
all development of the nation in general.
A National Training Programme on Recent
Advances in Expression Genomic Techniques
A National Training Programme on
“Recent Advances in Expression Genomic
Techniques” was conducted at Animal
Biotechnology Centre, NDRI, Karnal
from 20 th Feb. to 10 th March, 2007 under
NICHE Project on Buffalo Production
Dr. S. L. Goswami, Joint Director (Res.) and
Dr. G. R. Patil, Joint Director (A), NDRI,
Karnal releasing a lecture compendium during
inaugural session of National Training
Programme on “Recent Advances in
Expression Genomic Techniques”
5

NDRI News
January to March, 2007
and Reproduction Genomics. Fifteen
participants from various ICAR Institutes,
Universities and other Govt. Institutes
including one candidate from Nepal
participated in the programme. During the
training, trainees were exposed to various
molecular biology tools with particular
emphasis to gene expression studies and
proteomics approaches.
Institute Research Committee Meetings
The Institute Research Committee
Meetings were held from 12 th Feb. to 15 th
Feb., 2007 under the Chairmanship of Dr.
Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI, Karnal.
Initiating the proceedings, Dr. Sushil
Kumar remarked that growing awareness
amongst different stakeholders has
increased their expectations and therefore,
Project investigators must highlight the
deliverables emanating out of the projects
while presenting the reports on the
completed projects. Even from the projects
focused on basic research, one has to see
as to how the results would be applicable
in the long run. In this context, the
interactions with stakeholders assume
special significance, since they help in
crystallizing the issues relevant to their
needs & expectations and help scientists
to formulate their research agenda and
strategies to address the issues in the right
perspective. He further advised that the
available resources in terms of
infrastructure and staff should be taken
into consideration while formulating new
project proposals.
Dr. S. L. Goswami, Joint Director
(Research) informed the House that the
Perspective Plan of the Institute Vision
2025 has been finalized and as per the RAC
directives, the research programmes of the
Institute have been recast into seven thrust
areas spanning across production,
processing & management disciplines to
promote multi-disciplinary approach to
address the current and emerging issues
in Dairying. Principal Investigators of
different projects presented their final
progress reports of completed projects.
They also presented the new project
proposals which were thoroughly
discussed and valuable suggestions were
given by the House regarding the
formulation of new research project
6
proposals in light of current issues in
present scenario.
National Environment Awareness Campaign
A “National Environment Awareness
Campaign, 2006-07” on the theme of “Solid
Waste Management” sponsored by
“Ministry of Environment and Forests”,
Government of India, was organized on
19 th March, 2007 at NDRI, Karnal.
Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI, Karnal
and Chief Guest of the programme
addressed the delegates and farmers from
distant locations and urged them to
Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI
delivering inaugural speech during
National Environment Awareness Compaign
manage the solid wastes with special
reference to agriculture in an effective
manner while emphasizing on reduction,
reuse and recycling of wastes.
Dr. S. L. Goswami, JD(R) and Dr. G. R.
Patil, JD(A) interacted with the students
who participated in a poster competition
organized during the programme and
appreciated their efforts in making the
environment awareness campaign more
meaningful. The students were presented
awards/ certificates for their significant
role in environment protection through
their participation in the campaign. The
farmers were also honoured for their
significant contribution in agriculture and
allied fields related to environment.
Dr A. K. Puniya, Convener of the
programme, delivered a special lecture on
the scientific aspects of the management
of different types of solid wastes, and on
the strategies to make the environment
safe and free from pollution. Dr. V. K.
Batish, Head, Dairy Microbiology, Dr.
Kishan Singh, Dr. D. S. Sohi and Dr. R. K.
Malik also shared their views on the
subject of environment protection with
the delegates.
World Water Day 2007
World Water Day was celebrated at KVK,
NDRI, Karnal on 22 nd March, 2007. A total
of 50 farmers from seven districts of
Haryana participated. Dr. Sushil Kumar,
Director, NDRI, Karnal addressed the
participants and stressed upon the need
of water harvesting and saving the
drinking water. The participants were
acquainted with the procedures of water
harvesting for coping with water scarcity
problem in present scenario.
A Three Stage Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger
Installed
A three stage scraped surface heat
exchanger fabricated by M/s SSP Ltd.,
Faridabad has been installed in the Display
Hall of Dairy Engg. Division. It comprises
various features such as a variable speed
drive, a sugar & dosing device, pressure
controller and flow controllers. A unique
rotor blade assembly consisting of 2 flat
and 2 curved blades with two-stage steam
heating is also provided. The unit would
provide R&D support for process
upgradtion in various indigenous
products.
National Science Day
As per regular activity of the Institute, KVK
in collaboration with ATIC celebrated
National Science Day on 28 th Feb., 2007 in
order to develop a sense of scientific
temperament among the school children.
A total of 200 students from different
schools of Karnal district participated.
They were acquainted with the scientific
know-how of the activities of the Institute.
Director, NDRI addressed the students on
this day.
Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI addressing
the students community on the occasion of
National Science Day at NDRI, Karnal
Vol. 11 No. 4

January to March, 2007
NDRI News
HONOURS/AWARDS
Dr. A. K. Chakravarty, Sr. Scientist, Dairy
Cattle Breeding Division appointed as
Member of Veterinary Hospital Planning
and Surgical Instruments Sectional
Committee, MHR-13 by Bureau of Indian
Standards, Govt. of India, Manak Bhawan,
New Delhi.
Dr. A. K. Chakravarty, Sr. Scientist, Dairy
Cattle Breeding Division appointed as
Member of the Editorial Board, Indian
Buffalo Journal published by Indian
Society for Buffalo Development.
VISITS ABROAD
Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI visited
Turkey as Dairy Expert from 23 rd to 26 th
March, 2007 and attended International
Conference on “Global Vision for Dairy
and Beef” held on 24 th March 2007 at
Istanbul, Turkey.
Dr. B. K. Joshi, Head, Dairy Cattle
Breeding Division was deputed to attend
the consultancy assignment for the
establishment of village herd recording
scheme and designing breeding plans for
native livestock at Bhutan from 10 th
December 2006 to 10 th January, 2007.
DISTINGUISHED VISITORS
8-9.1.2007 Dr. Jacques Ajenstat,
Prof. & Head of D.S.S.
Division, Deptt. of Mgt.
& Technology, University
of Quebec, Montreal.
15.01.2007 Mr. Jehs Hoffman and
Mr. Vishal Vashisht from
Germany.
17.01.2007 Rotarians from South
Africa:
Mr. Garth Cambray
Mr. Derryk Jordan
Mr. Nielvan Niekerk
Ms. Nicci Hayes
Mr. Norman Adams
29.01.2007 Hon’ble Justice M.
Katju, Judge Supreme
Court, New Delhi.
07.02.2007 Mr. Iain A Wright,
Regional Representative
Asia International
Livestock Research
Institute, Nairobi.
26.02.2007 Hon’ble members, Board
of Regent UAS,
Dharwad:
Sh. G. R. Odugoudar
Smt. Isabella Dass
Sh. T. S. Patil
Dr. V. V. Angadi
PERSONALIA
Retirement
Mr. A. B. Chaudhury, T-7-8, ERS, Kalyani
retired from the Council’s service on
31-03-2007.
Mr. J. A. S. Sayuja, A.O. SRS, Bangalore
retired from the Council’s service on
31-03-2007.
SOUTHERN REGIONAL STATION
TION, , BANGALORE
RESEARCH NEWS
Process Optimization for Production of
Natural Fruit Flavoured Milk Drinks
A study was carried out to optimize the
conditions for production of natural fruit
flavoured milk. Individual and combined
effect of pulp digesting enzymes were
studied to optimize the clarified juice
production from banana and mango pulp.
The level of clarified juice addition to milk,
type of milk and stabilizers to stabilize the
natural fruit flavoured milk for heat
treatment i.e. to boiling temperature were
standardized.
TRAINING PROGRAMMES
· Ten candidates from Pondicherry Milk
Union attended the training on
“Preparation of Ice-cream and
Indigenous Dairy Products” was
Vol. 11 No. 4
conducted from 17 th - 25 th March, 2007.
· Two candidates attended the training
on “Yoghurt and Acidophilus Milk”
from 26 th – 27 th March, 2007.
· Four defence candidates sponsored by
Govt. of India attended the training on
“Dairy Farming” from 5 th – 30 th March,
2007.
· Thirty one students of A.S.T.Pre-
University College, Chitradurga under
went training on “Scientific Dairy
Farming Practices” from 26 th – 30 th
March, 2007.
EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
· During the period under report, 566
visitors in 15 batches comprising of
students from various educational
Institutes of southern region, farmers
and entrepreneurs visited the Station.
The visitors were taken round the
Station to various sections as per their
needs and were explained the ongoing
activities.
· Advisory services/technical advice
were rendered to eight clientele during
personal visits on scientific dairy
farming aspects, viz., initiating dairy
projects, feasibility of dairy projects,
availability of good dairy animals,
fodder seed availability, training on
scientific dairy farming and
information on dairy processing units.
Regular weekly visits were made by
the extension team to the adopted
villages under Rural Extension
Programme for the benefit of the
clientele group in the adopted villages
to provide necessary dairy extension
services in the villages.
7

EASTERN REGIONAL STATION
TION, , KAL
ALYANI
ANI
RESEARCH NEWS
Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of
High Altitude Dairy Animals in Eastern
Himalayan Region
(A. Chatterjee, R. B. Singh and R. C. Saha)
The study was carried out in West Kameng
and Tawang districts of Arunachal Pradesh
under the Eastern Himalayan region on
feeding practices, milk production,
management practices and nutritional
status of dairy cattle and Dzomo (Yak X
Cattle). The intake of protein (DCP) and
energy (TDN) were estimated and related
deficiency in comparison to ICAR feeding
standard was worked out.
Overall, around 72% cows suffered from
protein deficiency while, 29 % were only
marginally deficient (up to 15%). The
survey revealed 82% cows as energy
deficient , out of which 17 % were
marginally (up to 15%) deficient.
In 15 % of Dzomo, no protein deficiency
was observed. Marginal deficiency (up to
15%) was observed in 40% animals and
around 19% animals were protein deficient
by 16-30% level. Severe protein deficiency
(above 30%) was observed in around
26 % animals. Only 5% animals were found
Milk production performance of cows in relation to
fodder and concentrate quantity.
1500
1000
500
0
TMY x100
kg
Concentrate
(MT)
2005
2006
to have no energy deficiency and 5 % were
marginally deficient (up to 15%), whereas,
around 66% animals were be energy
deficient by 16-30% level. Severe energy
deficiency (above 30%) was observed in
around 24 % animals.
Most of the animals were found to have
deficiency in both protein and energy as
compared to recommended standards.
However, energy deficiency was more
severe than protein deficiency. In view of
the findings of the survey, constraints of
feeding were analysed and suggestions to
improve the existing feeding practices have
been recommended to improve the dairy
scenario of the region.
Improvement in Livestock Performance and
Fodder Availability at ERS-NDRI, Farm
(D. K. Sharma, Mahendra Singh and Lotan
Singh)
The total milk yield was 135647.5 and
144191.5 kg in 2005 and 2006, leading to
improvement in milk production by
6.30 % in 2006. The increase in milk
production was due to streamlining of
fodder cultivation and green fodder
availability to animals. The ad lib green
fodder- maize, berseem, oats along with
Comparative account of Calf mortiality, milk
composition and herd productivity.
paddy straw spared the concentrate
amount significantly and improved the
milk production & reproductive
performance of the livestock. This feeding
regime also maintained Fat and SNF
content of milk and herd and wet averages.
The scientific intervention in calf rearing
led to significant reduction in calf mortality
by 8.61%. The mortality rate during 2005
and 2006 was 24.13 and 15.52%,
respectively. To further improve the
animal productivity, the implementation
of package of practices for milk production
and health was undertaken.
RAJBHASHA KARYASHALA
A “Rajbhasha Karyashala” was organized
on 26 th Feb., 2007 at Eastern Regional
Station, Kalyani. The Chief Guest,
Dr. Gorakh Nath Mishra, Ex-Head,
Department of Hindi, Kanchrapara college,
inaugurated the function and mentioned
about origin and history of Hindi literature.
Mr. Ram Shankar Gautam, Asstt. Director
(OL) NDRI, Karnal narrated the progress
report of official language.
EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
A fourteen day short course on “Animal
Nutrition and Feeding” was conducted on
14 th Feb., 2007 to 1 st March, 2007 at ERS,
Kalyani for educating the rural masses on
dairying and also to transfer the available
technologies to the end users. Four trainees
participated in the short course
programme. The training included
theoretical and practical exposure on
different aspects of animal nutrition and
feeding of dairy cattle.
FORTHCOMING EVENTS
• Summer School on “Instrumental Analysia of Dairy Food for Quality Standards” from 6 th – 26 th July, 2007.
• International Conference on Traditional Dairy Foods from 14 th – 17 th November, 2007. For more information, visit Society
website: www.dairysociety.org
• International Tropical Animal Nutrition Conference from 4 th - 7 th Oct., 2007. For detailed information, visit the website of
the Society: www.nutrisocietyindia.com.
Chief Editor : Dr. S. L. Goswami, Joint Director (Res.)
Editors : Dr. (Mrs.) Meena Malik Layout & Design : Mr. Sunil
Sharma
Mr. Braj Kishor Photography : Mr. G. D. Joshi
Published by : Dr. Sushil Kumar, Director, NDRI, Karnal
Gram : DAIRYSEARCH, Fax : 0184-2250042, Tel. : 0184-2252800, E-mail : sushil_5k@rediffmail.com
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