Girma-Eshete-Jenbere-thesis - Ethiopian Wolf Conservation ...

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Figure 3: The endemic giant lobelia from Mt. Abune Yoseph Afro-alpine ecosystem 2.3. North Wollo highlands Afro-alpine ecosystem The Afro-alpine highlands of North Wollo are the second largest in Northern Ethiopia including Mt. Abune Yoseph (in Lasta woreda), Mt.Abohoy Gara (in Gidan woreda) Mekulet near Kulf Amba between Gubalafto and Delanta woreda. It covers a total area of 189.18 km 2 (ESP, 2001). Growing barley and grazing are the major land use practices in the lower altitude but in the upper zone agriculture is limited by frost and it provides habitat for wildlife such as Ethiopian wolf. Nowadays due to climate change and population growth these land uses are disturbed in all Afroalpine ecosystems of the zone. 15
The Afro-alpine habitats in North Wollo are discontinuous. The Abune Yoseph massif is the largest and highest Afro-alpine area, loosely connected by narrow ridges with the small Abohoy Gara to the east and the Delanta in the south (Marino, 2003; Ash, 2000). Steep escarpments to the North of Mt. Abune Yoseph and east of Delanta limit wolf ranges. Elsewhere, overgrazed meadows and cultivated fields restricted suitable habitat to areas above 3,700-3,800m, or 3,450- 3,500m in Delanta. Sightings and signs of wolves were recorded in all areas, but they were most abundant in Delanta, where the largest group with 6 individuals, was observed (Marino, 2003). Research conducted on rodents at Mt. Abune Yoseph (Tekilu, 2008) identified seven species of which six were endemic to Ethiopia and one insectivore shrew (Crocidura bayileyi) during survey in wet and dry seasons. The species were A. abyssinicus, S. griseicauda, L. flavopunctatus, O. typus, Pelomys harringtoni, D. lovati and Mericulus imberbis. These varied in abundance and density among the different parts of the habitats. Habitats modified by human activity supported less species diversity and population abundance than those undisturbed or with better natural vegetation cover. Without adequate management of the habitats supporting small mammals‟ effective conservation of the endangered Ethiopian wolf will be difficult. At the same time, conservation of the Ethiopian wolf in the area can not be successful without the keen involvement of local communities, whose lives are strictly intertwined with the wildlife and their habitats. The Afro-alpine vegetation in Mt. Abune Yoseph is characterized mainly by large extensions Cherenfe (Euryops pinifolius) Senecio shrubs with scattered patches of grasslands and rocky areas. On the northern slopes, grasslands of the genus Poa, Agrostis, Carex and Festuca dominate most lands affected by overgrazing. Only areas with very steep slopes and a high degree of humidity sustain tall grasslands. The moderately steep and large plateau of the Reem 16
Page 1 and 2: Mekelle University CDANR College of
Page 3 and 4: Abstract Mt. Abune Yoseph has high
Page 5 and 6: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Page 7 and 8: Table of contents page ABSTRACT ...
Page 9 and 10: 4.4. HUMAN-LIVESTOCK INTERFERENCE T
Page 11 and 12: Table 20: HHs response on wolf obse
Page 13 and 14: xiii
Page 15 and 16: subjected to greater land use press
Page 17 and 18: 1.4. Objectives 1.4.1. General Obje
Page 19 and 20: ought a change in the climate, and
Page 21 and 22: The present community of high altit
Page 23 and 24: In addition, Afro-alpine ecosystem
Page 25 and 26: The continued decline of the Ethiop
Page 27: Figure 2: Ethiopian wolf sighting o
Page 31 and 32: In Afro-alpine ecosystems the life
Page 33 and 34: In Northern highlands the livestock
Page 35 and 36: takes place in the dry season and a
Page 37 and 38: In Ethiopia the history of resource
Page 39 and 40: Lasta Woreda Figure 4: Location of
Page 41 and 42: soil differ from place to place bas
Page 43 and 44: Based on results of the pre-test, a
Page 45 and 46: Chapter IV: Results and Discussion
Page 47 and 48: Communities living closer to Mt. Ab
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5:.Land ownership status and
Page 51 and 52: Even though the pattern of resource
Page 53 and 54: Table 10: Factors determining the p
Page 55 and 56: management (Table 10). This means t
Page 57 and 58: Table 11: Factors determining the p
Page 59 and 60: indicated in Table 8 than the study
Page 61 and 62: Table 15: Livestock population grow
Page 63 and 64: Fire wood collection was another ty
Page 65 and 66: The conflict between wildlife and l
Page 67 and 68: Sheep predators Figure 8: HHs respo
Page 69 and 70: Table 20: HHs response on wolf obse
Page 71 and 72: time on wolf number enabled the HHs
Page 73 and 74: Table 23: Bivariate fit analysis of
Page 75 and 76: in 2.2.2; this difference could be
Page 77 and 78: Table 27: Analysis of wolf sighting
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter V: Conclusion and Recommend
Page 81 and 82:
Since the attitude and action of hu
Page 83 and 84:
References Alcorn, J.B, 1997. Indig
Page 85 and 86:
Kingdon, J., 1990. Island Africa. C
Page 87 and 88:
Sillero-Zubiri, C., A. A. King and
Page 89 and 90:
During wet season for ___________ m
Page 91 and 92:
No Wild animal Type of crop damaged
Page 93 and 94:
2: Contingency tables Table 1: Chi-
Page 95 and 96:
Table 5: Chi-square test of HHs bas
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