Resonant nonlinear magneto-optical effects in atoms∗ - The Budker ...

44
x
x
x
z
z
t ⩵ 3 Τ S
8
z
t ⩵ 0
y
y
t ⩵ 3 Τ S
4
y
x
x
x
z
z
z
t ⩵ Τ S
8
y
t ⩵ Τ S
2
y
t ⩵ 7 Τ S
8
y
x
x
x
z
z
t ⩵ 5 Τ S
8
z
t ⩵ Τ S
4
y
y
t ⩵ Τ S
FIG. 22 A sequence of probability surfaces representing evolution
of a state with F = 1. The state is initially stretched
along ŷ at t = 0 and an electric field is applied along ẑ, causing
Stark beats with period τ S .
Consider, for example, atoms prepared at t = 0 in the
|F = 1, M = 1〉 (“stretched”) state with the quantization
axis chosen along ŷ. An electric field E is applied along
ẑ, causing evolution depicted in Fig. B.2. We see that
the state originally stretched along ŷ oscillates between
this state and the one stretched along −ŷ. In between,
the system evolves through states with no orientation,
but which are aligned along the ẑ ± ˆx directions. Since
the stretched states have orientation, this evolution is
an example of orientation-to-alignment and alignmentto-orientation
conversion (see, for example, discussion by
Blum, 1996).
APPENDIX C: Abbreviations
AOC Alignment-to-orientation conversion
BSR Bennett-structure-related
DAVLL Dichroic atomic vapor laser lock
EDM A permanent electric-dipole moment
EIT Electromagnetically induced transparency
FS Forward scattering
MOT Magneto-optical trap
NMOE Nonlinear magneto-optical effects
NMOR Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation
SR Self-rotation of light polarization
y
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