Emmett/Gem County Community Review Report Summary

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Early History of Emmett & Gem County Emmett and Gem County sit in the fertile Payette River Valley, which has always been abundant with water, wildlife and beautiful vistas. The Western Shoshoni Tribe lived on the banks of the Payette River, hunted buffalo, gathered seeds, and used the nearby Butte, which rises over 5,900 feet, as a local landmark for hundreds of years. Plentiful beaver first lured fur trappers to the region in the early 1800’s, led by Alexander Ross from 1818-24 to satisfy demand for fur hats and coats in Eastern U.S. and European destination cities. Fur trapper Francois Payette came to the region circa 1820, and the river still bears his name. In the mid 1800’s, with numerous settlers coming west on the nearby Oregon Trail to seek a better life in a new land, a mountain man named Tim Goodale settled the Emmett area as an offshoot of the Oregon Trail. ‘Goodale’s Cut-off,’ as it came to be known, became a permanent settlement in the 1860’s when Goodale and pioneer cattle ranchers began homesteading the area below Black Canyon. Quality of life in the area continued to improve, and with the outbreak of Civil War in the east and the discovery of gold in the nearby Boise Basin in central Boise County in the 1860’s, thousands of people rushed to the region seeking economic opportunity. Idaho was one of the few states settled from west to east as miners flooded the area following unsuccessful ventures in Oregon and northern California. According to oral history from area residents Ruth Lyon and Elwood Pugh, Emmett and the Payette River Valley became the ‘gateway to the gold fields,’ especially after Nathaniel Martin and Jonathan Smith built a ferryboat in 1863 to move livestock, grain, and equipment across the Payette River and created a successful business providing services and supplies to miners headed to Horseshoe Bend and beyond. Since the Payette River swelled to over a mile wide during flood stage and the ferry was crucial to the survival of the growing community, Emmett was originally named Martinsville after Nathaniel Martin. A Doctor Burdge brought his family to the region in 1864 and built the first general store and gristmill, whose grinding stones are still located in the City Park. The Burdge house, built in the 1870’s, stands a few miles west of the community on Cascade Road. The sawmill, built in 1870, was the first of several mills to reside in the community and utilized the river for transportation by floating logs downstream. The Martinsville Post Office moved to the nearby Payette River Ranch in 1870 and was renamed Emmett by Postmaster Thomas Cahalan, who had the name recorded in Washington D.C. in honor of his son. When the post office returned to Martinsville a year later, the recorded name remained with it as Emmett. Through local usage over time, Martinsville eventually became Emmettsville, and ultimately Emmett. A series of irrigation projects from ditches in the 1870’s to Edson Bishop’s 4-mile long ‘Last Chance Canal’ and the 50-mile long Canyon Canal projects in the decades that followed 14
made it possible for more rapid expansion of the town as a major agricultural producer, despite challenges with occasional structural failures to the elevated flumes along parts of the irrigation system. By the 1880’s, Emmett had a blacksmith, sawmill, hotel, general store, and numerous saloons. Keeping law and order was challenging on the Gem frontier, especially since the nearest law enforcement headquarters was far away in Boise City. The rocky cliffs and a natural recess four miles north of Emmett on the east side of the river along Highway 52 became a rendezvous point and hideout for horse thieves, bandits, bogus gold dust operators, and murderers. The stockade built from ten-foot tall log pickets was ideal for keeping stolen horses, which were led out the back of the canyon at night and sold in Oregon. Vegetable farmer William McConnell, who later became a senator and two-term governor, led the Payette Vigilantes and put an end to the outlaws at Picket Corral. In 1883, James Wardwell bought a tract of land for $1000 and platted the town, and in 1900 Emmett became incorporated with a population of about 600 residents. The railroads first came through town in 1902-03 as part of the Idaho Northern Railroad, built by mining baron Colonel William Henry Dewey, who sought a route to move equipment to gold strikes at Thunder Mountain in central Idaho. Emmett’s growing population of 1,000 tripled in two years as a result of the railway expansion. When the Pearl mines closed in 1906, power lines were extended to Emmett for the first time. In 1908, the community experienced its first disaster in the form of a fire in the heart of the business district on Main Street, and a fire department was formed shortly afterward. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation completed the 183-foot, $1.5 million Black Canyon Dam project in 1924, channeling the northern, southern, and middle forks of the Payette River to the Emmett valley orchards and solidifying the region’s reputation as an agricultural producer. 15
Page 1 and 2: Emmett/Gem County Community Review
Page 3 and 4: Preface............................
Page 5 and 6: News Articles .....................
Page 7 and 8: Part Three, Community Surveys & Int
Page 9 and 10: through increased collaboration and
Page 11 and 12: Steering Committee Name Title Organ
Page 13: unique design suggestions are compl
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary The Emmett/Gem Co
Page 19 and 20: opportunities. The civic life team
Page 21 and 22: Strategic Thoughts & Themes Valley
Page 23 and 24: city officials and other organizati
Page 25 and 26: • Core Governing Values • Work
Page 27 and 28: community discussion to achieve thi
Page 29 and 30: developed and re-invigorate the sen
Page 31 and 32: anch out and empower groups who mig
Page 33 and 34: The link directs the user to a map
Page 35 and 36: o Developing a mindset of downtown
Page 37 and 38: Infrastructure Overall and in compa
Page 39 and 40: spend $12,022 per mile for total di
Page 41 and 42: communities in the region. The Land
Page 43 and 44: voice connectivity to Boise or othe
Page 45 and 46: “over the hill”) claimed they w
Page 47 and 48: Resources (4) Redevelop/re-use idle
Page 49 and 50: police and fire service, schools, t
Page 51 and 52: • Have programs been initiated to
Page 53 and 54: Comprehensive plan policies related
Page 55 and 56: (9) Other/Miscellaneous. The follow
Page 57 and 58: General community comments and conc
Page 59 and 60: Civic Life and Community Involvemen
Page 61 and 62: The Cherry Festival The Cherry Fest
Page 63 and 64: • The historic Frontier Theatre i
Page 65 and 66:
• Conduct research on how other d
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understand this might be a challeng
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least, underestimated in terms of t
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Program (RSVP), or a mentoring prog
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Asset-Based Community Development I
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eported being African-American/Blac
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“longer-term residents” and res
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Item Table 1: Overall Mean Quality
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Rank Table 1a: Ranked Overall Mean
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Table 2: Mean Quality Ratings of Co
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Page 87 and 88:
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Item Table 5: Mean Quality Ratings
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Table 7: Short-Term Challenges Faci
Page 93 and 94:
Emmett Development, Retention, & Qu
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14) Cost of Public Services: Arts &
Page 97 and 98:
Appendix Advice, Assistance, & Avai
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99 • National Civilian Community
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COMMUNITY MATRIX DIVERSIFICATION ST
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engineering or sales, but not all t
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Community Review Visiting Team Memb
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Administrator and has served in tha
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projects, and fundraising. Delta ha
Page 111 and 112:
News Articles Community Assessment
Page 113 and 114:
Brian Dale, of the US Dept. of Hous
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GEDA to Hold Joint Community Meetin
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Community Review Agenda May 20, 200
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Emmett/Gem County Community Review Report Summary

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