rethinking design - Spatial Design@Massey

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ethinking design Reference List: Alavarado, P. (2008). Plug and Live System: 18 Boxes from Brazil to Argentina, from Waste to Art. Retrieved March, 30th, 2009, from http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/10/houses-from-scrap-transitory-living-a77- argentina.php. Alter, L. (2008). Recycling Pallets into Art and Architecture. Retrieved March, 30th, 2009, from http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/06/recycling-pallets-into-art-and-architecture.php Designboom. (1995). Shigeru Ban: Paper Loghouse. Retrieved March, 30th, 2009, from http://www.designboom.com/history/ban_paper.html Stang, A & Hawthorne, C. (2005). 'Great (Bamboo) Wall'. '. In The Green House: New directions in sustainable architecture (pp. 100-.105). United States: National Building Museum. Treehugger. (2005). Shipping Container Prefab. Retrieved March, 30th, 2009, from http://www.treehugger.com/files/2005/01/shipping_contai.php Troy, S. (n.d). What is Appropriate Technology. Retrieved March, 30th, 2009, from http://www.gdrc.org/techtran/appro-tech.html Ministry for the Environment. Retrieved April, 2 nd , 2009, from http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/sustainable-industry/initiatives/product-stewardship/specialwastes.html
ethinking design appro-tech: energy generation Catherine Keys What/Why: Appropriate technology is a term that refers to small scale technologies that respond to the basic needs of a particular culture. It acknowledges that different cultural and geographical groups will have different technologies that are appropriate to their circumstances. It is therefore wrong for outsiders to impose their technologies on others where they might not fit. Instead the best development is achieved when working amongst communities to provide them with the knowledge, skills and tools they need to solve their own problems. This approach turns end users into co-designers, helping to foster a sense of responsibility for the affects of their creations. Pride and participation can be used as key tools in design, creating “longer-lasting user relationships and a sense of ownership.” (Project H Design, 2008, para.11) Appropriate technology focuses on serving the basic infrastructure needs of a community, such as water, electricity, cooking fuel, heat, sanitation and housing. These needs can be met in simple ways that are easy to implement without harming the environment and without requiring a lot of money and materials. Wind turbines made of locally sourced scrap material are an example of such technology (when built in a windy place, where suitable scrap material exists). Such wind turbines have a positive impact on the userʼs life both socially and economically by providing a cheap, effective source of electricity. They also have a positive environmental effect, removing unwanted scrap product waste from the land and reducing the need for more polluting sources of power. Furthermore if used in a community with a functional mains power grid, the owner may be able to sell any extra power they donʼt require back into the grid for a small profit. Effective implementation of appropriate technology in this way can actually improve the economic position of individuals. Although the term appropriate technology is commonly used in relation to technology within small, low income communities, appropriate technologies are just as applicable “among those people that have so much they are extraordinarily wasteful.” (Darrow & Pam, 1981, p.10). Just like occupants of small villages there is potential for first world residents in large cities to implement small scale, low material, sustainable solutions to provide themselves with at least some of their electricity or other basic needs. No matter what the context technologies aiming to be appropriate can have “beneficial effects on income distribution, human development, environmental quality, and the distribution of political power in the context of particular communities and nations.” (Village Earth, n.d., para.1). Above all appropriate technology is about positive designs that fit the particular place and application in which they are used, no matter where in the world this may be. Energy generating appropriate technologies have the potential to increase the quality of life for many people, providing them with safe, effective and renewable forms of electricity, heating and fuel for cooking. In countries such as New Zealand, if more of our energy was supplied through appropriate technologies we could also greatly reduce our environmental impact. Currently around 30% of our total power comes from oil, 30% from gas, 5-10% from coal and the rest from renewable sources (hydro, wind and solar power). If we each looked to implement appropriate forms of energy generation at home, perhaps we could begin to swing these figures in favour of renewable, environmentally friendly forms of power. It is not unrealistic for many of us to set up simple solar water heaters, or use micro-hydro generators, or small wind turbines to generate at least some of our electricity needs. Research into appropriate forms of energy generation is even more urgent in communities that do not have reliable mains power. The people of Haiti for example, rely on wood charcoal as their primary cooking fuel but high demand for wood has left the island 98%
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