Microstrip Patch Antennas for Broadband Indoor Wireless Systems ...

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APPENDIX A: - RESONANT LINE MEASUREMENT METHOD AND RESULTS Step 1: Calculate the width to return 50-ohm impedance. Step 2: Use protel to design PCB consisting of 2 resonant line structures. Step 3: Manufacture the board keeping in mind the 1-week manufacture delay. Step 4: When the board returns, separate the boards in order to eliminate mutual coupling. Step 5: Attach the connectors. Step 6: Calibrate the analyzer. The calibration procedure can be found in the analyzer documentation. Step 7: connect the board on to the analyzer. Step 8: Record the Resonant peaks seen on the monitor of the analyzer using a frequency sweep of 45 MHz to 5 GHz. Step 9: Using Eq. 2 calculates theε eff for each set consisting of resonances from both lengths. Take the average value of the ε eff calculated and apply Eq 3 to workout the ε r value. Step 10: Have the ε r assessed the validity of the ε r value. The ε r needs to be considered carefully since the milling machine used on the PCB produced uneven substrate height. This may have added error giving us incorrect ε r values. Results: Average ε eff = 3.30 Using the appropriate equation the average ε r = 4.43. 28
APPENDIX B: - DIMENSIONS OF RECTANGULAR PATCH (Using Eq 4, 5 and 6) Length Calculations: The length extension due Fringing field: dL (m) 0.000614 The Length of the Patch: Length (m) No fringe With fringe Using length extension 0.029768366 0.086585 0.029653949 L used (m) 0.029653949 Implementation: dL (m) =((0.412*K6)*(((B16+0.3)*(E12+0.264))/((B16-0.258)*(E12+0.8)))) Length (m) No fringe With fringe Using length extension =$I$5/((2*$I$6)*(SQRT($I$4))) =$I$5/((2*$I$6)*(SQRT($K$4))) =($I$5/((2*$I$6)*(SQRT($B$16))))-(2*$K$5) Width Calculations: Width (m) Patch width/height 0.03786076 23.66298 Implementation: Width (m) Patch width/height =((($I$5)/(2*$I$6))*(((($I$4)+1)/2)^(-0.5))) =B12/K6 29
Page 1 and 2: Depart of Electrical & Electronics
Page 3 and 4: ORIGINALITY DECLARATION This report
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS Page no 1.0 Intro
Page 7 and 8: 1.0 INTRODUCTION Currently there is
Page 9 and 10: 3.0 FOUNDATIONS FOR MICROSTRIP DESI
Page 11 and 12: Fig 4: Narrowband vs. Broadband Mos
Page 13 and 14: 4.0 DESIGN METHODOLOGY In order to
Page 15 and 16: extra copper from the substrate, th
Page 17 and 18: Patch length of 29.66 mm was determ
Page 19 and 20: 6.0 PHASE II 6.1 BROADBANDING SCHEM
Page 21 and 22: 6.3 RECTANGULAR BROADBAND ANTENNA L
Page 23 and 24: VSWR 3 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.
Page 25 and 26: evident from the BLACK plot in the
Page 27 and 28: 7.0 PHASE III 7.1 AREA COVERAGE MEA
Page 29 and 30: 8.0 ISSUES TO CONSIDER FOR FUTURE R
Page 31 and 32: above in section 9.1, substrates wi
Page 33: 11.0 REFERENCE [1] Bahl, I. J and B
Page 37 and 38: Visual illustration showing the ind
Page 39 and 40: APPENDIX E: - BROADBAND RECTANGULAR
Page 41 and 42: APPENDIX F: - NARROWBAND TRIANGULAR
Page 43: APPENDIX H: - BROADBAND ANTENNA COM

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