Ecology and regeneration of forest communities on the alluvial fan ...

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Figure index Fig. 1.1 Natural river dynamics on the alluvial fan...........................................................2 Fig. 2.1 Map <strong>of</strong> alluvial fan...............................................................................................3 Fig. 2.2 Geological map <strong>of</strong> Qakh region...........................................................................4 Fig. 2.3 Outline <strong>of</strong> an alluvial fan......................................................................................5 Fig. 2.4 Climate chart for Zaqatala....................................................................................6 Fig. 3.1 Location <strong>of</strong> the 71 vegetation plots......................................................................8 Fig. 3.2 Vegetation sampling design.................................................................................9 Fig. 3.3 Point Centred Quarter Method (PCQ)................................................................10 Fig. 4.1 Dendrogram <strong>of</strong> the plant <strong>communities</strong>...............................................................13 Fig. 4.2 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Equisetum telmateia-Alnus barbata community.............15 Fig. 4.3 Equisetum telmateia-Alnus barbata <strong>forest</strong>.........................................................16 Fig. 4.4 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Fraxinus excelsior-Pterocarya pterocarpa community..16 Fig. 4.5 Fraxinus excelsior-Pterocarya pterocarpa <strong>forest</strong>..............................................17 Fig. 4.6 Absolute tree density <strong>and</strong> total basal area..........................................................18 Fig. 4.7 Boxplots.............................................................................................................18 Fig. 4.8 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Swida sanguinea-Populus alba community....................19 Fig. 4.9 Populus alba st<strong>and</strong>.............................................................................................20 Fig. 4.10 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Oplismenus undulatifolius-Acer velutinum community 20 Fig. 4.11 Acer velutinum <strong>and</strong> Fraxinus excelsior............................................................21 Fig. 4.12 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Quercus robur-Carpinus betulus community...............22 Fig. 4.13 Quercus robur-Carpinus betulus community..................................................23 Fig. 4.14 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Quercus iberica-Carpinus orientalis community.........23 Fig. 4.15 Multi stemmed Carpinus orientalis.................................................................24 Fig. 4.16 Importance values <strong>of</strong> Scleropoa rigida-Populus nigra community................25 Fig. 4.17 Populus nigra st<strong>and</strong>..........................................................................................26 Fig. 4.18 Rejuvenation sampling.....................................................................................27 Fig. 4.19 Rejuvenation data 1..........................................................................................30 Fig. 4.20 Rejuvenation data 2..........................................................................................31 Fig. 4.21 Rejuvenation data 3..........................................................................................32 Fig. 4.22 Ordination diagram (DCA)..............................................................................33 Fig. 4.23 Ordination diagram (DCA)..............................................................................34 Fig. 4.24 Ordination diagram (NMDS)...........................................................................35 Fig. 5.1 Rough map <strong>of</strong> the alluvial fan............................................................................37
Fig. 5.2 Boxplots.............................................................................................................38 Fig. 5.3 Longitudial section.............................................................................................39 Fig. 5.4. Cross section <strong>of</strong> the upper fan ..........................................................................40 Fig. 5.5 Cross section <strong>of</strong> the lower fan............................................................................41 Fig. 5.6 Cross section <strong>of</strong> the riverbed (upper fan)...........................................................42 Fig. 5.7 Cross section <strong>of</strong> the river bed (mid-fan).............................................................43 Fig. 5.8 Cross section <strong>of</strong> the riverbed (lower fan) ..........................................................44 Fig. 5.9 Successional development <strong>of</strong> the <strong>forest</strong> <strong>communities</strong> .......................................45 Fig. 5.10 Flood protection measures...............................................................................47 Fig. 5.11 Gravel dredging................................................................................................48 Fig. 5.12 Recently logged Populus alba..........................................................................49 Fig. 5.13 Wood pasture....................................................................................................50 Fig. 5.14 Plantations........................................................................................................51 Fig. 6.1 River dynamics on the upper fan........................................................................53 Fig. 7.1 Natural riverbed..................................................................................................55
Page 1: Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greif
Page 4 and 5: Danksagung Hiermit möchte ich mich
Page 8 and 9: Table index Table 3.1 Transformed a
Page 10 and 11: Abbreviations II - plant names ACE-
Page 12 and 13: -Introduction- 1. What is the struc
Page 14 and 15: -Study area- 2.2 Relief and
Page 16 and 17: -Study areaand win
Page 18 and 19: -Materials and Met
Page 24 and 25: -Results- Table 4.1 Percentage syno
Page 26 and 27: -Resultsand also t
Page 28 and 29: -Results- Number of</strong
Page 30 and 31: -Results- Fig. 4.9 Populus alba st<
Page 32 and 33: -Results- 5. Quercus robur-Carpinus
Page 34 and 35: -Resultsdescribed Quercus robur-Car
Page 36 and 37: -Resultsfurther typical species <st
Page 38 and 39: -Resultsproperties differ considera
Page 40 and 41: -Resultsa) cm b) cm c) cm Fig. 4.19
Page 42 and 43: -Resultsg) cm h) cm cm Fig. 4.21 Re
Page 44 and 45: -Results- The DCA analysis (Fig. 4.
Page 46 and 47: -Results- The NMDS-analysis reveale
Page 48 and 49: -Discussionand low
Page 50 and 51: -Discussion- 4 2 0 m N W S E 3 7 0
Page 52 and 53: -Discussion- 5 0 m 2 m Fig. 5.6 Cro
Page 54 and 55: -Discussion- 1 0 0 m 4 m Fig. 5.8 C
Page 56 and 57:
-Discussioncoggygria, Pyracantha co
Page 58 and 59:
-Discussionevent the government org
Page 60 and 61:
-Discussion- Wood pasture Grazing w
Page 62 and 63:
-Summary- 6 Summary With this study
Page 64 and 65:
-Zusammenfassung- 7 Zusammenfassung
Page 66 and 67:
-Literature- 8 Literature AG Boden,
Page 68 and 69:
-Literature- Meusel, H., Jäger, E.
Page 70 and 71:
-Appendix I - Appendix I Structure
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Ecology and regeneration of forest communities on the alluvial fan ...

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