(ATBD) SMAP Level 1 Radar Data Products - NASA

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Figure 16: Plot of the normalized measurement standard deviation (K pc ) for a 3 km by 3 km measurement cell vs cross track distance (CTD). The inner edge of the usable swath occurs at 150 km CTD, and the outer edge at 500 km CTD. This plot shows results for a minimum σ 0 value of -25 dB, and assumes only looks from one half of the scan are used. The quantity plotted is actually 10 log 10 (1 + K pc ) following the common practise for scatterometer measurements. 48
49 For SAR processing, the real aperture integral can be simplified neglecting parameter variation over the small size of a single resolution cell. X = P s = Xσ 0 (43) λ2 (4π) 3 P t G 2 aG c G r C adc A res R 4 (44) where P t is the average transmit power during the pulse, G a is the effective oneway antenna gain at the range of the resolution cell, G c is the compression gain from range and azimuth compression processing, G r is the receiver gain, C adc is the translation factor of ADC sample counts per Watt, A res is the surface area of the resolution cell, and R is the range to the resolution cell. The effective antenna gain G a is obtained by integrating the antenna pattern as occurs in azimuth compression processing. Equation 43 shows that σ 0 depends on P s and X, so the error of σ 0 will be the sum of the statistical measurement error in P s termed K pc (see Equation 40), and the uncertainty of X termed K pr , or the calibration error. The calibration error is the sum of the uncertainties in each of the factors in Equation 44 plus some long term detrending uncertainty described in the next section. Table 12 summarizes the key contributors and allocations to the σ 0 error budget and table 13 further breaks down the radiometric calibration error. The K pc allocation applies at the inner edge of the usable swath. Additional detailed information on the overall error budget is available in the preliminary calibration report [7]. Table 12: High <strong>Level</strong> Summary Error Budget Parameter Error Allocation K pc , Statistical measurement error 0.72 dB K pr , Radiometric calibration error 0.40 dB K prfi , RFI contamination error 0.40 dB Total (RSS) 0.92 dB Requirement 1.0 dB Margin (linear) 0.08 dB Margin (RSS) 0.40 dB 9.5 Long Term Detrending Short term variations in various gain and loss factors that affect σ 0 calibration are expected to be correctable within the limits specified by the error tables in the previous section. These corrections will use built-in calibration measurements, such
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Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)
Page 3 and 4: Algorithm Theoretical Basis Documen
Page 5 and 6: i Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Missi
Page 7 and 8: 1 1 Introduction This document desc
Page 9 and 10: 3 Table 1: SMAP Mission Requirement
Page 11 and 12: Table 2: SMAP Data Products Table 5
Page 13 and 14: 7 Table 3: Requirements applicable
Page 15 and 16: Figure 2: Flow of data in the SMAP
Page 17 and 18: 11 divided into two groups, a gener
Page 19 and 20: 13 positions in a half-orbit), and
Page 21 and 22: 15 Table 6: L1B antenna scan qualit
Page 23 and 24: 17 Table 10: L1C cell mode bit flag
Page 25 and 26: 19 the spacecraft velocity vector w
Page 27 and 28: Figure 4: Overlapping conical scans
Page 29 and 30: 23 hang out by 500 m thus broadenin
Page 31 and 32: 25 τ pri = n 1 f stalo (8) τ p =
Page 33 and 34: 27 and R(t) indicates that the rang
Page 35 and 36: Figure 7: Schematic view of the nad
Page 37 and 38: 31 from about 400 m in the side loo
Page 39 and 40: 33 cross-section is estimated from
Page 41 and 42: 35 Figure 8: L1C Processing flow di
Page 43 and 44: 37 adpative floating point quantize
Page 45 and 46: 39 7.7 Azimuth Compression The coni
Page 47 and 48: 41 Figure 12: Processed image (azim
Page 49 and 50: 43 8 L1B Processing Algorithms Low
Page 51 and 52: 45 9.1 Antenna Gain Pattern Knowled
Page 53: Figure 15: Plot of the total number
Page 57 and 58: 51 as the loop back measurement per
Page 59 and 60: 53 have been removed, there can sti
Page 61 and 62: 55 11 RFI RFI signals are expected
Page 63 and 64: 57 11.2.1 Backlobe Contamination GN
Page 65 and 66: 59 12.1 Pre-Launch Before launch, v
Page 67 and 68: 61 12.2.2 Radiometric Accuracy Vali
Page 69 and 70: 63 References [1] National Research
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(ATBD) SMAP Level 1 Radar Data Products - NASA

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