4thInternational Congress - Pyro.co.za

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-~ ~ PROCEEDINGS
4th International
Ferro AII0liS
Congress
!
RIO DE JANEIRO
From Aug. 31st to Sept. Jrd, 1986
9rganized by
ASSOCIA~OBRASILEIRA DOS
PRODUIDRES DE FERRO LIGAS - ABRAFE

I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE SHAFT TYPE Pe-Mn SMELTING FURNACE -
A. Kitera. S. Sakura1. J. Kurihara, H. Yoshimoto. N. Fukushlms. Y. Seriz8wa
(HizuShima Ferro Alloy Co, Ltd. and Kawasaki Steel Corp .• Japan)
niE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FURNACE LININGS FOR MANGANESE ALLOYS SMELTING
N. J. van der Walt (Tubstse Ferrochrome. South Africa)
PRODUCTION OF MANGANESE ALLOYS WITH ORE FROM CARAJaS
B. V. Gorlo! and L. T. Castro ( Cia Vale do Rio Doce, Brazil)
MANGANESE SMELTING IN AUSTRALIA USING LUMPY ORE AND SINTER
A. H. Olsen and A. H. Lee (Tasmanian Electra Metallurgical Co. Pey. Ltd. J
Australia)
IMPROVEMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY BY PROCESS COMPUTER FOR FERROALLOY ELECTRIC
FURNACE AND PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM OR LOW CARBON FERROMANGANESE BY DIRECT
DECARBONIZATION OP FMnH MELT
K. Yamamoco. S. Ita. S. Terada, T. Soejlma and Y. Kurita (Kobe Steel Ltd.,
Japan)
CONTROL OF FURNACE CHARGE BY MICROCOMPUTER. NEW TECHNOLOGY
P. E. L. Pires and J. N. Honteiro Jr. (Eirich Industria) Ltda. Brazil)
STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL. A TOOL FOR PROFIT
J. F. CoIlins and J. E. Cumbo ( SlCW Alloys. toe .• United States)
FACTORS AFFECTING THE REDUCTION RATE OF CHROMITE
N. F. Dawson and R. 1. Edwards (Council for Mineral Technology and
University of Natal, South Africa)
AN ASSESMENT OF SMELTING REDUCTION PROCESSES IN THE PRODUCTION OF Fe-Cr-C
ALLOYS
H. J. Niayesh and G. W. Fletcher (Council for Mineral Technology, South
Africa)
FERROCHROME PRODUCTION AT FERROCHROME PHILIPPINES, INC.
F. BrHuer and W. Weber (Voest Alpine and Ferrochrome Philippines, Austria
and Philippines)
CHROME ORE FINES SINTERING IN FERBASA - G. O. Lopes (Cia Ferro-Ligas da
Bahia, Brazil)
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF DENSE MEDIA SEPARATION FOR RECOVERING FeCr ENTRAINEO
IN SLAG AND DISCARDING SLAG ADMIXED WITH FeCr FINES - G. A. Apostol1des
(Hellenic Ferroalloys SA, Greece)
PRODUCTION OF CHARGE CHROME IN A 45 MVA SUBMERGED ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE AT
FACOR, INDIA. USING A MIX OF BRIQUETTED AND LUMPY CHROME ORES -
M. Subramanian, N. Harman, M. Saraf and R. Saraf (Ferro Alloys Corp., India)
THE CONTROL AND OPERATION OF A PILOT-PLANT D.C. PLASMA FURNACE -
K. C. Nicol, H. S. Rennie and A. B. Stewart (Council for Mineral Technology,
South Africa)
TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PROOUCTION OF NEW GRADES AND TYPES OF FERRO-ALLOYS USING
THERMAL PLASMA - D. Slatter, N. A. Barcza, T. R. Curr, K. U. Maske and L. B.
McRae (Middelburg Steel and Alloys (Pty.) Ltd and Council for Mineral
Technology, South Africa)
PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING OF POLYMETALLIC NODULES -
H. Demange and L. Septier (Pechiney Electrometallurgie, France)
OPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF BY-PRODUCTS IN FERROALLOY INDUSTRY -
T. Senga, H. Saito and M. Takabatake (Japan Metals & Chemicals Co., Ltd,
Japan)
RECYCLING OF FINES GENERATED IN THE FERRO ALLOY PROOUCTION THROUGH COLD­
BONDED AGGLOMERATION PROCESS. PRELIMINARY TESTS - J. Martina (Fundacao
Centra Tecnologico de Minas Gerais - CETEC, Brazil)
CHROMITE POTENTIAL OF THE VALE DO JACURICI-
P. B. de Deus, M. H. Harinho, G. M. F. Rocha and J. S. Viana (Superintendenc1a
de Geologia q,ecursos Minerais and Cia Ferro-Ligas da Bahia, Brazil)
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31
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63 ./
79
91
105 ./
115 ./
125 v'
147
157 /
161
179
191
205
223 /
237
245

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION
EVOLUTION OF HSLA STEELS PRODUCTION IN BRAZIL. AN INFLUENCING FACTOR IN THE INCREASING
CONSUMPTION OF SPECIAL FERRO-ALLOYS
P. J. P. Bordignon, E. Q. Oliveira, J. R. P. Schiesari and S. A. Machado (Cia Brasileira
de Metalurgia e Mineracao, Cia Siderurgica Nacional and Cia Siderurgica Paullsta,
Brazil)
THE MICROALLOYING INDUSTRY
H. Stuart and F. Heisterkamp (Niobium Products Co. Inc. and Niobium Products Co.
GmbH, United States and Germany)
THE POTENTIAL DEMAND FOR FERROBORON IN LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS OF AMORPHOUS METALS
FOR TRANSFORMER CORES AND IN OTHER USES - W. J. Rosenfelder (Borax Holdings Ltd.,
United Kingdom)
PRODUCTION OF FERRO-BORON BY ELECTRIC FURNACE .. K. Seki, To Hiromoto
and T. Inoue (Nippon Denko Co. Ltd., Japan)
EFFECT OF CURRENT VARIATIONS ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STRESSES IN
SIIlDERBERG ELECTRODES
R. Innvaer, K. Fidje, R. Ugland (Elkem a/s, Norway)
D-C ARC SINGLE ELECTRODE SMELTING FURNACE
B. Kjellberg and B. Orrling (Asea Metallurgy, Sweden)
PAST EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE TRENDS ON FUME CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE FERRO ALLOY
INDUSTRY
F. C. Schmitt (Filter Media SA, France)
ALUMINOTHERMIC REDUCTION OF ANATASE CONCENTRATES
L. R. Freitas, P. R. Mazoni and M. W. Saah (Cia Vale do Rio Doce, Brazil)
MANUFACTURING OF NODULIZING ALLOYS AND THEIR APPLICATION
M. Sarlo and H. Richter (Italmagnesio SA, Brazil)
THE USF OF SILICON CONTAINING ALLOYS IN IRON FOUNDRIES - B. Scheffler
(SKi/ rostberg AG, Federal Republic of Germany)
METALL\lRGICAL PRODUCTION OF HIGH PURITY SILICON
A. Sche~ (Elkem a/s, Norway)
SILICON METAL SUPPLY AND DEMAND SITUATION IN THE PERIOD 1986-1991 AND ITS
PROBABLE IMPACT ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARRET SITUATION
F. Myhre and A. G. Arnesen (Elkem a/s, Norway)
AVAILABILITY OF MANGANESE ORE AND FUTURE PRODUCTION OF HIGH CARBON FERROMANGANESE
E. Madero B. (Compania Minera Autlan, Mexico)
LONG TERM TRENDS IN THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF FERRO-ALLOY METALS
J.L.T. Davies (World Bureau of Metal Statistics, United Kingdom)
FERRO-A1,.LOYS IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT. AN ECONOMIC VIEW OF THE FUTURE - B. G.
Russell ~ inerals Bureau, South Africa)
PRODUCAO E SO DE ENERGIA DERIVADAS DA BIOMASSA FLORESTAL
M. H. Borges, M. R. Almeida and J. C. R. Magalhaes (Cia Acos Especiais Itabira -
ACESITA and Ac sita Energetica SA, Brazil)
o CARVAO VEGETAL 0 BRASIL
A. Marr1 and P. A. Games (Fundacao Centra Tecnologico de Minas Gerais-CETEC,
Brazil)
ANALISE T£CNICA DA UTlb!ZACAO DE CARVAO VEGETAL PELA INDOSTRIA DE FERRO-LIGAS NO
BRASIL - R. C. Silveira,~ • F. Carmo and M. V. Braga Neto (Cia de Cimento Portland
Maringa, BraZil)
AUTHOR INDEX
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17170supplvol
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. PROCEEDINGS
SUPPLEMENTARY VOLUME
RIO DE JA EIRO
From Aug. 31st to Sept. 3rd, 1986
.9rganized by
ASSOCIA(:AO BRASILElRA DOS
PRODUlORES DE FERRO LIGAS • ABRAFE

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD ...•.••..........•.............. 1
OPENING SESSION
- Chairman's Greetings - Jarhas o. Nascimento ..
- Opening Address - J. Corgosinho Carva1ho Fi1ho
TECHNICAL PROGRAM AND
DISCUSSION
- Session I
- Session II
- Session III
- Session IV
- Session V
- Session VI
- Session VII
- Session VIII
- Session IX
- Session X
11
17
23
27
31
35
41
47
55
61
PANEL DISCUSSION
- The Ferro Alloy Market in Perspective , . . . . • . . . . . . . . 65
- Discussion
John P. Trunzo - The Ferroalloys Association . . . . 67
Herbert Knahl - Institut des Producteurs de Ferro-
A1liages d'Europe Occidentale
John C. Hall - South African Ferro Alloy Association
Eduardo J. Seabra -
Brazilian Association of Ferro
Alloy Producers • • .
. Tadaichi Tomioka - Japan Ferro Alloy Association
87
91
105
109
113
J
CLOSING SESSION
- Message from ICF - Aidan Edwards . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 115
CONGRESS CLOSURE - Jarbas O. Nascimento •............... 117

PAPERS NOT INCLUDED IN THE PROCEEDINGS (Vol. I)
')
- Tests with the Preheating and Pre-Reduction Process on Carajas
Manganese Ore and Applications of the Results on a
Commercial
Scale - Helge Krogerus, John Relander and Jorrna Myyri
(Outokurnpu OY and Outokurnpu Engineering, Finland) . . . 121
- The Production of Intermediate Carbon Ferrochromium by Botton
Blowing in a elu-Converter - Johan Basson (Ferrometals Ltd.,
South Africa) . . . . . .. . 147
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS AND RELATED ORGANIZATIONS
- Entries by
Participants 163
Countries 177
Organizations 185
FOREWORD
J
The 4th International Ferro-Alloys Congress - INFACON 86 - held in
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from August 31st to September 3rd, 1986
accomplished its main announced proposal:
"to convene the members of the ferro-alloys industry
from around the world to review achievements , analyse
current trends and to look into the future searching
for ways and means to assure prosperity for the
industry."
The Organizing Committee aiming to reach this objective delivered
to all Participants, at the Congress Opening, a volume of the
Proceedings with 500 pages, containing the text of 37 papers, as
well as previous copies of two
other papers.
With the registration of 503 Participants, coming from 33
from the five continents those papers were presented and
during the ten Technical Sessions.
countries
debated
This Supplementary Volume contains the INFACON 86 Opening and
Closing Addresses, the discussions of all Technical Sessions, the
two papers not included in the ,preceding volume, "The Ferro-Alloy
Market Perspective" Panel Presentations and the List of
Participants with their respective addresses.
With this volume, the INFACON 86 Organizing Committee
its operational purpose presenting to the ferro-alloys
additional document containing information of interest
concerned in the area.
concludes
segl\lent one
for all
J.O. Nascimento
Chairman
, INFACON 86 PROCEEDINGS (VOL. III