Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)

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Initial Installation 11. Disconnect the ac power cord from the power receptacle and proceed to the next chapter. 12
Chapter 3 System Description Introduction This chapter describes the overall operation of the 58 Series green DPSS laser systems and gives a functional description of all user-accessible controls, indicators and connectors. This chapter includes information about: • The properties of a laser • The function of controls, indicators, and connectors. 3.1 <strong>Laser</strong> Properties The term “laser” was coined from the acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The theory behind the laser is beyond the scope of this manual, but it is important to identify the basic properties of lasers in general, and diode-pumped solid-state lasers in particular. General laser properties All lasers produce intense beams of light that are monochromatic, coherent, and highly collimated. The wavelength (color) of the laser light is extremely pure (monochromatic) when compared to other sources of light, and all of the photons (energy) that make up the laser beam have a fixed phase relationship (coherence) with one another. This causes the light to form a beam with a very low rate of expansion (highly collimated) that can travel over great distances, or can be focused to a very small spot with a brightness that can approximate that of the sun. Because of these properties, lasers are used in a wide variety of applications in all walks of life. <strong>Laser</strong> modes and the quality factor All laser beams have a mode structure that is determined by the specific properties of the laser design. • The spatial or transverse mode structure describes the phase relationships across the beam’s wave front and determines the beam’s diameter, divergence, and intensity profile. TEM 00 is the designation of the fundamental, or lowest order spatial mode. It is characterized by a Gaussian intensity profile with intensity at a maximum on the axis and decreasing monotonically away from the axis. The TEM 00 mode also has the smallest beam diameter, the smallest beam divergence, and the best quality factor (see below). Higher order mode lasers (referred to as multimode lasers) have wave fronts with complex phase relationships, larger beam diameters, and higher divergence. In 1 13
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Green Diode-Pumped Solid-State Laser Systems (Hardware)

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