3) P2P FROM PLASTIC TO PETROL - Mar 08 - FISSORE Agency

FISSORE 

AGENCY 

P 2 P 

PLASTIC TO PETROL 

FISSORE Agency 

Screening&Recycling 

Machinery- 

Biohazardous&Medical 

Waste Systems 

Waste plastic to Fuel conversion 

www.bollegraaf.it 

www.fissoreagency.com 

dfissore@bollegraaf.it 

dfissore.monaco@netsurf.it 

Tel.: +377.97.70.60.30 

Fax: +377.97.70.60.36 

Mob.:+377.6.80.86.91.06 

6, Impasse de la Fontaine 

Le Park Palace 

MC 98000 MONTE-CARLO 

Principauté de Monaco 

S.S.E.E. 511 G 09734 

Répertoire spécial des 

Agents Commerciaux No. 01 

AC00240 

N.ro IDENTIFIANT 

EUROPEEN: 

FR 84 000057157 

Modular System 

to convert 

plastic waste 

from MSW into 

hydrocarbon 

liquid / gas fuel


AGENCY 

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La VULCANES Ltd Environmental Expertise 

( www.vulcanes.com ) 

in partership with 

Oil Field Tekniks Environmental Expertise 

and its General Agent 

FISSORE Agency 6, Impasse de la Fontaine- Monte-Carlo, Principato di Monaco 

already Bollegraaf Recycling Machinery’s General Agent 

are honored to present to the market this fantastic product!


AGENCY 

Polycrack System: 

how to convert Plastic waste into petrol ( and other fuels) 

The currently abundant existence of waste plastics 

needs a solution. 

Vulcanes 

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Presents a new and innovative technology for the 

conversion of plastic waste into fuel gases and 

liquids, using a catalytic conversion method, than 

innovative to be examined and, with great 

satisfaction, awarded with the “gold medal for the 

best invention of 2007 for the waste treatment“ by the 

University of Texas (IC2), together with the Federation 

of Indian Chambers of Commerce (FICCI), through the 

LOCKEED Martin’s “Innovation and Growth 

Program”.


AGENCY 

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PLASTIC TO PETROL


AGENCY 

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In the further presentation to the market, held in England on June'07 for a limited number of Customers coming from all the world, 

were shown, in addition to the widening of the process “ from plastics to fuel with a single catalyst!“, the further features of 

the P2P System: the now official possibility of dealing with the same plant, without any variation: 

a) Organic and vegetable waste… (so renewable energy sources!) obtaining ethanol and natural gas; 

b) Fluff (all plastics) from shredded cars; 

c) Plastics from electronic and bio-medical waste; 

d) Green and lopping waste obtaining ethanol . 

e) Oil and similar from kitchen waste (fried and others!) obtaining fuel; 

f) Palm Oil and waste (fuel and LPG); 

g) All kind of vegetable oil (fuel and LPG); 

h) Waste from treatment of all kind of vegetable oil (fuel and LPG); 

i) Cellulose and paper factory waste (like Pulper!), obtaining natural gas; 

j) Fats and animals waste (obtaining fuel and LPG); 

k) Animals Excrements of any kind and therefore from rabbits, horses, pigs, sheep, cows, chickens and so on (natural gas) 

l) Slushes of refineries (fuel and LPG); 

m) Tar and bitumen exhausted (fuel and LPG); 

n) Much other kind of slush (for example from sewer plants!), obtaining natural gas; Specifically, we have a patented chemical 

reagent able to separate in less than 1 minute white water from solid waste! 

o) FLOCK (natural gas); is well to remember here that the flock is the cellulose fiber in which the organic material is transformed 

as well as paper, cardboard and small pieces of wood, obtained by the AUTOCLAVE treatment … without forgetting that this 

flock that can be used for the construction of multilayer boards and subsequent manufacture of furniture, or anti-seismic or 

sound-absorbing panels… or even burned, developing electricity: 5.6 mW/h constant from a 2 autoclaves plant… but in case it 

is possible to process it the existing plant and without being forced to purchase additional equipment, in fact, you can insert 

it in P2P plant and obtain abt. 30-35% of methane, while the other part will be turned into "COKE", which finds good use as a 

"filter" in all LPG plants, and in creating anti-radioactive products such jackets and so on, or even, as mentioned previously, 

as "blacksmoke" in the manufacture of reconditioned or traditional tires except those for high speed. These processes are 

increasingly adding to the now famous treatment “fuel from plastics” and are all GUARANTEED in their perfection and 

performance. Finally, with effect from 20 August'07 is available, in India, a smaller plant and therefore reduced capacity 

compared to the standard, but fully functional and made available to Customers for any type of test! 

ALL our systems are ZERO air e mission


AGENCY 

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“Demo Polycrack System” 

In the further presentation held on 0ctober 2007, in Mumbai, India, world premiere 

for the Customers who wanted to be present to witness their great interest… 

in a P2P plant fully functional, it has witnessed to the various processes of 

transformation of plastics into fuel, and some questions have raised directly to the 

inventor Ing. T. R. RAO (our Partner and co-shareholder, recently awarded by the 

gold medal for “The best invention of 2007 for the waste treatment”), and has been 

demonstrated, with great astonishment of those present, the capacity of the machine 

to move from one type of work to another one without having to stop the cycle or 

make whatsoever changes! 

T.R. Rao 

Partner Vulcanes 

tr.rao@vulcanes.com


AGENCY 

“Demo Polycrack System” 

MUMBAI , 0tt0bre 2007 

We underline, with great pride and enthusiasm that 

the 

A) EXHAUST TIRES 

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P2P system is able to treat also: 

B) EXHAUST OILS FROM VEHICLES (cars, trucks, moto, 

etc.) leaving directly to the Customer the 

possibility to transform them into diesel-gasoline 

or to PURIFY completely the product for resale as a 

“base oil" ready to be added! 



AGENCY 

P 2 P 

PLASTIC TO PETROL


AGENCY 

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Following one of the many (really a lot!) press releases published in Spain on March 2008 the 5th, 

in reference to the agreement signed between the Velez MALAGA Authorities and VULCANES Ltd, 

about to the FIRST AUTOCLAVE+P2P plant, establishing the plastics transformation into fuel (P2P) 

as well as the flock use to procreate methane gas and consequently electrical and thermal 

ENERGY.


AGENCY 

1. Company profile Vulcanes Ltd 

Vulcanes Ltd originates from a global network-organisation across the recycling Industry. 

Vulcanes is a young organisation with expertise in the field of: 

• WTE (Waste To Energy) 

• MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) 

• Biomass 

• Industrial Waste 

• C&D (Construction and Demolition) 

• Muds/Sludges Treatment 

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Vulcanes offers as a System Integrator turnkey solutions bringing together the most advanced 

and reliable technologies in the market. These custom made turnkey solutions are characterized 

by high return on investments, high efficiency and are highly innovative. 

Furthermore Vulcanes offers consultancy, environmental solutions and project management. 

The scope of work for project management can vary from delivering management services up to 

the complete staffing and field operations. In order to secure the required customers operational 

and financial result. 

Vulcanes employs a dedicated team of engineers, project managers and experts. These 

professionals have a proven track record in the industry with numerous references of successful 

installations and showcases in the market. Vulcanes has access tot a worldwide network of 

expertise in the environmental market. 

Vulcanes has the exclusive global Oil Field Tekniks dealership for P2P systems. 

Vulcanes, with FISSORE AGENCY, distribution for the Oil Field Tekniks P2P systems, and 

Aerothermal English Autoclave systems is worldwide. 



AGENCY 

Oil Field Tekniks is a Research and Development organization, specialized in developing technologies for converting 

Petroleum and Petrochemical wastes into usable value added products. Backed by a team of engineers and 

developers with years of experience handling hydrocarbon wastes, the company has developed many technologies 

for the utilization of waste material as useful products. The personnel involved in Oil Field Tekniks have vast 

experience in the Petroleum industry and understands the petroleum and petrochemical products well to develop 

technologies that can mitigate the waste problems. Following are some of the technologies developed, 

commercialized and under commercialization. 

Bitumen to Furnace Oil Conversion - Desulphurization of Diesel Fuels - Conversion of waxy sludge to fuel oil - 

Conversion of sludge to bio-fertilizer -Development of chemicals for water purification - Development of chemicals 

for tank cleaning - Aqueous phase tank cleaning systems 

The strength of the company is its understanding of the basic materials and the knowledge to convert problems into 

solutions 

We offer : 

Innovative solutions 

Cost effective 

Environmentally friendly 

Safe and reliable technology 

Commitment to quality 

Global presence 

Service orientation 

Problem specific solutions 

In house designing capability 

Fully integrated systems for internal and external 

Any kind of muds Treatment 

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2. Company profile Oil Field Tekniks 



AGENCY 

P 2 P 


Oil Field Tekniks, 

5.1 Introduction 

introduces a new and innovative technology for the conversion of waste 

plastics into useful fuel oil, using a catalytic conversion method. 

Il mondo sta affrontando il problema dello smaltimento dei rifiuti in 

plastica. The world is facing the problem of disposal of waste plastics. 

The ease of manufacture and the abundant availability of plastics in all 

wakes of life, have created a situation where the useless and waste 

plastics from the abandoned electronics, carry bags, automobile 

accessories etc. Unless, economic disposal methods are found out, world 

will see the menace of soil degradation, loss of water table and many 

other problems associated with the non-biodegradable plastics. 

Even though, the scientists are working on the manufacture of 

biodegradable plastics, the existence of abundant waste plastics 

currently, needs a solution. 

Based on this reasoning, the novel catalytic conversion technique has 

been developed and successfully tested. 



AGENCY 

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5.2 Principles involved 

Plastics are polymers containing carbon and hydrogen and few other 

elements like chlorine, nitrogen etc. polymers are a group of monomers 

combined together to form a single larger molecules called polymers. 

Polymers are High molecular weight molecules and when they degrade 

i.e when they break, they form low weight molecules called monomers. 

This is the reverse reaction of forming polymers from monomers. This 

process is called Degradation of polymers. 

In the process of conversion of waste plastic into fuels Degradation of 

Polymers takes place. The degradation polymers must happen in the 

absence of oxygen at a high reaction temperatures and in the presence of 

a Catalyst. The presence of oxygen or absence of catalysts will make the 

process into a melting of plastic process followed by the plastic getting 

converted to coke. 



AGENCY 

In the process, waste plastic is heated to the reaction temperatures inside a Reaction vessel, in the presence of a catalyst. The 

plastic then starts degrading into low molecular weight monomers. The monomers re-combine to form petroleum vapours having 

different chains of hydrocarbons. The vapours are condensed to form light fuels. Here, the catalysts play a vital role and with the 

tweaking of catalysts we can convert the plastics to either LPG or Liquid fuels similar to Petrol . 

Input 

Assorted waste plastic 

Catalyst about 5% 

Temperature 

250-4000°C 

Pressure 

Atmospheric 

Batch 

continuous 

The product yields Quantity (wt %) 

Gas 10-15 

Liquid hydrocarbons 70-80 

Coke 7/10 

Typical analysis of the gaseous product is given in the following table: 

S.No Component Quantity (w/w %) 

1 Methane 7.0 

2 Ethane + ethylene 11.0 

3 Propane 7.5 

4 Propylene 28.0 

5 so - butane 2.0 

6 n-Butane 1.0 

7 C4 (unsaturated) 25.5 

8 Iso C5-n-C5 0.1 

9 C5+higher 15.3 

10 Hydrogen 2.6 

11 CO/CO2


AGENCY 

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5.3 Waste plastic Yield informatio n 

Typical analysis of the liquid product is given in the follo wing 

table 

S. No. Carbon Number Quantity (w/w %) 

1 Up to C10 62.0 

2 From C10 to C13 2.5 

3 From C13 to C16 7.5 

4 From C16 to C20 4.0 

5 From C20 to C23 7.5 

6 From C23 to C30 16.5 



AGENCY 

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5.4 The Process 

The process technology is designed to be a flexible system to convert the plastics into liquid, gaseous or mixture 

products. By changing the catalyst mix we can obtain either LPG, mixture of LPG and petrol like fuels or a 

mixture of both. The system has the flexibility of production and in case large quantities have to be handled 

then, additional modules can be added. Each module is designed for 20 tons per day production capacity. 

However smaller modules can be provided. 

5.5 Process Assembly 

1. Plastic Preheating and filtration. 

Plastics is a solid substance. Plastics are segregated from other waste coming from the Municipal solid waste or any 

other industrial locations. The waste plastics are cleaned in an autoclave system to remove debris and 

contamination. The cleaned plastics have reduced volume. 

Plastics are preheated and brought into a molten condition into the Reactor vessels . 

The system consists of a Hopper which holds 2 tons of waste plastic. The Hopper delivers plastic material through a 

conveyor system to a pre-heater. The pre-heater is heated through Thermic fluid up to a temp. of 250°C. The 

plastic throughput is measured and the heating cycles are adjusted to the feed rate . 

2. Heating and Catalyst Mixing. 

The molten plastic is then pumped into airtight reactors. The reactor is purged with Nitrogen to create a flameproof 

environment. The plastic is then heated from app 250 deg C to 380 deg C. The powder catalyst specially 

formulated for this reaction is then added through a pressure feed pump. The reactors have a holding 

capacity of 5 tons. Plastic is fed in the molten stage continuously into the reactors along with the catalyst. The 

Reactors have the capacity to convert 25 tons of plastic per day. Higher capacities can be achieved by adding 

more reactor modules to the system. 



AGENCY 

3. Reaction in vessels 

The mixture is heated and the reaction in the presence of the Catalyst will from hydrocarbon vapours. However, the vapours are emanated from 

heavier chains and similar to polymers in structure. The catalyst helps to re-group the molecules to form light gases, which are then evacuated to 

the condensers. 

The plastics can be of many forms. They can be PP, PET, PE, HDPE, LDPE, PVC etc. The nature of the plastics is immaterial as the process is 

capable of handling individual grades of plastics or a combination of them. All these materials are long chain hydrocarbons and they are very 

stable. Therefore, when we heat them and cool them again, they will attain the original status and convert back into semi-solid material. 

However, in the presence of the Catalyst, the long chains are broken and the molecules re-group into lighter hydrocarbon fractions. Therefore, 

when cooled and condensed, the vapours attain the state of a light hydrocarbon fuel such as Petrol. 

The vapours consist of two phases, condensable gases and non-condensable gases. 

4. Vapour Condensation 

The mixture of condensable and non-condensable gases from the reactors is force fed into a dual condenser system where the light factions, 

middle distillates are condensed and recovered as fuel. During the vapour phase, many factions of distillate are formed having different boiling 

points. Therefore, the condensation is done in two stages to condense the vapours into two ranges of boiling points and thus distillates are 

recovered. Major portion of the condensate is normally a diesel faction. The condensable factions are condensed and the non-condensable form 

is evacuated and mixed with air to act as fuel for feeding the burners. Thus, the waste gas is converted into a fuel and not released into the 

atmosphere as a gas. The calorific value of this gas estimated to be above 10,000 KCal. 

The condensation system can be custom designed to manufacture a mixed fuel or distillated products. Thus, the re-combining of the 

hydrocarbon chains can be tailor made to suit the plant output requirements. Gasoline, Diesel, fuel oils, naphtha, petrol etc. can be distilled as 

separate products from the system if the output plan is for such a range of products. 

The most common stream is a single condensate which can be used as a fuel oil are a diluent to the furnace oils, or furnace oil quality fuel to feed 

Gen sets. 

The condensation system is grouped in one single skid and the parameters are controlled automatically with in-built electronic controls . 

5. Condensate to tankage 

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The condensate from the dual condensers is collected into the storage tanks. The product at this stage is free from solid particles and water. The 

product specifications match or exceed that of diesel fuel. Sometimes based on the input, we may get a product similar to Fuel oil but with low 

viscosity in the range of 2 to 5 cst. Generally these fuels have lower sulphur content compared to distillate fuels. 



AGENCY 

The storage capacity of the plant is 400 kl sufficient to store 5 days of production. The tanks can be earmarked for 

each individual faction, if that is the need to be. However, in single product output plant, all the tanks are utilized 

for storing one fuel. 

6. Non-condensable to Re-ignition. 

The entire process is heat dependent. We have to raise the temperature of the system quite considerably. To 

achieve this we use liquid fuels. However, the burners are designed for a combined fuel ignition. We can use 

liquid as well as gaseous fuel to feed the burners. The non-condensable gases coming from the reactors are 

collected and fed to the burners after combining them with air. The air-gas mixture is fed to the burners to ignite 

and thus the exit gases from the reaction are utilized as fuels for the system thereby removing an environmental 

problem. Due to the high air-gas ratio, the combustion is complete and there is a good control over the emissions 

from the system. 

Further, before being pumped into the burners, the non-condensable gases are passed through a wet scrubber to 

remove any contaminants such as SO2 etc. The clean LPG gas from the scrubber is fed to the burners as a fuel. The 

burner exhaust gas is routed once again through a scrubber and chimney to ensure emissions standards are met 

with. Most of the heat of the hot gases is recovered for re-generation of steam for Autoclaves. 

7. Waste Reclamation 

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The waste from the system consists of two phases, Solid phase and a gas phase. Solid phase consists of charred 

coal and spent catalyst. The composition of the catalyst is such that there are no metal oxides used and thus the 

waste does not contain any metals in the waste. The balance waste is converted into coke. The coke can be 

scraped and collected for further use as a fuel by compacting the powder coke into pellets. Besides the coke has 

other utilities and being rich in organic carbon, the same can be used as a nutrient for plants and acts as a soil 

supplement. 

The coke is removed through a conveyor system and collected into bins for further disposal. 

The air emissions are minimum and the emissions normally are below the environmental standards set forth. This 

is due to the combination of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel which use air : Fuel ratio of 4:1. The emissions are first 

passed through a scrubber before released into atmosphere. 



AGENCY 

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5.6 Recovered Oil Specifications 

The Following specifications are normally achieved from waste plastics.. Some of the parameters may change 

due to input characteristics changes. The following are based on a mixture of HDPE and PVC. The specifications 

are for a single product output stream. 

. 

Specifications Regular Petrol Petrol Extracted from waste Plastic 

Appearance Clear Clear and Bright 

Colour, Visual Orange Pale Yellow 

Specific Gravity at 280°C 0.7423 0.710 

Specific Gravity at 150°C 0.7528 0.7227 

Gross Calorific Value 11210 11300 

Net Calorific Value 10460 10800 

Sulphur Content (w/w) max 0.1 0.002 

Flash Point (Abel) °C 23.0 22.0 

Pour Point °C


AGENCY 

6. SUPPLY BY THE PURCHASER 

Items Not Included Within the Scope of Supply 

a) Civil Works not included. 

b) Preliminary Health & Safety plan. 

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c) Infrastructure any necessary equipment and machinery to facilitate waste reception and 

handling systems upstream (loading) of the installation. 

d) Infrastructure and any equipment or necessary machine to facilitate dispatch of liquid 

fuel or gas. 

e) Location for accommodation to facilitate the installation and commissioning works. 

7. WARRANTIES, MAINTENANCE CONTRACT & SPARES 

The warranties provided on individual items of equipment or package units will be as given 

by the supplier of the respective item or package. 

Should additional warranties or maintenance contracts be required by the purchaser these 

will be negotiated on an individual basis, this is also concerning spare part listings (these 

items can be provided if the end engineering phase is finished). 

The entire equipment package as designed, manufactured, supplied, delivered and 

installed would be subject to as standard, a twelve months warranty period from the date 

of commissioning, and exact warranties for the complete system are subject to the 

composition of the input material 

A separate service and spares contract based on scheduled maintenance with spares 

holding will be subject to further negotiation. 



AGENCY 

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8.1 Vulcanes turn key price for the complet e P2P plant ; 

The total costs for the above mentioned project items will b e 

delivered (turn-key) for the complete price of 

€ 5,800,000.00 + 1.300.000,00 for the optionals (for shreddering, 

raffination, etc.) 

The indicated prices as above are ex Works factory India, al other 

charges as applicable such as transportation, local taxes, i mport 

duties, and additional levies are for account and have to be 

arranged by the customer. Pric e includes installation on -site, 

cranage costs excluded. 



AGENCY 

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Possibity to FINANCING the 100% 

- After deeply study of our technologies, which have shown a VERY HIGH 

PROFITABILITY and a precise agreements with a group of European Banks, they 

are ready to finance our facilities also COMPLETELY our plants, obviously where 

the level of Customer is the one that may to support this very important 

i 

financial operation... In addition to this "conditio" 

sine qua non" Customer 

needs 

a) Be positioned (socially, politically etc.) to realize the obtaining ing the necessary 

permits for installation; 

b) Demonstrate that having the absolute certainty of the enough material input, to 

feed the plant ... That is corresponds to 25 tons per day of various materials 

(plastics in the first!); 

c) Have the necessary area (few square meters with a height of at least 11 meters); 

We conclude by pointing out that these Banks are available a lot in to enter into 

participation in order of 20-25 

25-30%! We specify better: this "condition" is cause 

of great preference among the many requests! 



AGENCY 

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GUARANTEE OF FUNCTIONING AND DATA COMING FROM OUR STUDY CENTER 

- ALWAYS for the materials supplied by Bollegraaf (and by LUBO, same Group!), 

OCCASIONALLY for the other materials... to give further evidence of our 

professionalism, when in presence of jobs of a certain entity, we are available to 

consider the issue of a Banking Guarantee that totally reassures the Client on the 

perfect functioning of every machinery! 

What purposed from our Study Centre, about to the demands of the Client, it’s 

always in personalized form… and certainly is the optimal and the most profitable 

solution! 

Keep in mind that what is here described in absolute simplicity, is the result of an 

advanced technology, in many cases the SOLE into the world and in others even 

perfectly unknown… therefore, you have not to surprise yourself if our innovations 

provoke astonishment also with the best operators of the sector! The novelties 

always slowly impose itself! 

Obviously we are to Yours complete disposition to eventually organize some 

demonstrations by CD and tapes through our sales organization, that t 

in Italy is 

represented by 12 Agents in addition to the 3 Managers of the North, Centre and 

South Areas… or to materially accompany you in the place (Europe for the 95% of 

the cases!) where you can view any type of material-plant of which you have 

interest in! 



AGENCY 

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After this rightful presentation, we think to be able to accredit t us a 

certain claim in the specific sector of the treatment, disposal and 

recycling of the various typologies of waste; ; and we are well available 

and happy to put the whole our experience to the full service of the 

Customers that will want it. 

We are happy to answer any your question! ! And do not hesitate to contact 

us or visit our web sites: 

www.bollegraaf.it 

www.fissoreagency.com 

Thank you so much for the attention and time that You decided to 

dedicate to us. 

FISSORE Agency 

Screening&Recycling Machinery 

Biohazardous&Medical Waste Systems

3) P2P FROM PLASTIC TO PETROL - Mar 08 - FISSORE Agency

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