Base Prospectus - Malta Financial Services Authority

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RISK FACTORS The Issuer believes that the following factors may affect its ability to fulfil its obligations under Notes issued under the Programme. All of these factors are contingencies which may or may not occur and the Issuer is not in a position to express a view on the likelihood of any such contingency occurring. Factors which the Issuer believes may be material for the purpose of assessing the market risks associated with Notes issued under the Programme are also described below. The Issuer believes that the factors described below represent the principal risks inherent in investing in Notes issued under the Programme, but the Issuer may be unable to pay interest, principal or other amounts on or in connection with any Notes for other reasons which may not be considered significant risks by the Issuer based on information currently available to them and which it may not currently be able to anticipate. Prospective investors should also read the detailed information set out elsewhere in this Prospectus and reach their own views prior to making any investment decision. Factors that may affect the Issuer’s ability to fulfil its obligations under Notes issued under the Programme Economic activity in Norway The Issuer’s business activities are dependent on the level of banking, finance and financial services required by its customers. In particular, levels of borrowing are heavily dependent on customer confidence, employment trends, the state of the economy and market interest rates at the time. As the Issuer currently conducts the majority of its business in Norway, its performance is influenced by the level and cyclical nature of business activity in Norway, which is in turn affected by both domestic and international economic and political events. There can be no assurance that a weakening in the economy of Norway will not have an adverse effect on the Issuer’s future results. Business risk factors As a result of its business activities, the Issuer is exposed to a variety of risks, the most significant of which are credit risk, market risk, operational risk and liquidity risk. Failure to control these risks could result in adverse effects on the Issuer’s financial performance and reputation. Credit risk Risks arising from changes in credit quality and the recoverability of loans and amounts due from counterparties are inherent in a wide range of the Issuer’s businesses. Adverse changes in the credit quality of the Issuer’s borrowers and counterparties or a general deterioration in Norwegian, United States or global economic conditions, or arising from systematic risks in the financial systems, could affect the recoverability and value of the Issuer’s assets and require an increase in the Issuer’s provision for bad and doubtful debts and other provisions. Market risk The most significant market risks the Issuer faces are interest rate, foreign exchange and bond and equity price risks. Changes in interest rate levels, yield curves and spreads may affect the interest rate margin realised between lending and borrowing costs. Changes in currency rates, particularly in the Norwegian kroner-U.S. dollar and Norwegian kroner-euro exchange rates, affect the value of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, and may affect income from foreign exchange dealing. The performance of financial markets may cause changes in the value of the Issuer’s investment and trading portfolios. The Issuer has implemented risk management methods to mitigate and control these and other market risks to which the Issuer is exposed, and exposures are constantly measured and monitored. However, it is difficult to predict changes in economic or market conditions and to anticipate the effects that such changes could have on the Issuer’s financial performance and business operations. Operational risk The Issuer’s businesses are dependent on its ability to process a very large number of transactions efficiently and accurately. Operational risk and losses can result from fraud, errors by employees, failure to document transactions properly or to obtain proper internal authorisation, failure to comply with regulatory requirements and conduct of business rules, equipment failures, 14
natural disasters or the failure of external systems, for example, those of the Issuer’s suppliers or counterparties. Although the Issuer has implemented risk controls and loss mitigation actions, and substantial resources are devoted to developing efficient procedures and to staff training, it is not possible to implement procedures which are fully effective in controlling each of the operational risks. Liquidity risk The inability of the Issuer to anticipate and provide for unforeseen decreases or changes in funding sources could have adverse consequences on the Issuer’s ability to meet its obligations when they fall due. Impact of regulatory changes The Issuer is subject to financial services laws, regulations, administrative actions and policies in Norway and in each other jurisdiction in which the Issuer carries on business. Changes in supervision and regulation, in particular in Norway, could materially affect the Issuer’s business, the products and services offered or the value of its assets. Although the Issuer works closely with its regulators and continually monitors the situation, future changes in regulation, fiscal or other policies can be unpredictable and are beyond the control of the Issuer. Factors which are material for the purpose of assessing the market risks associated with Notes issued under the Programme The Notes may not be a suitable investment for all investors Each potential investor in the Notes must determine the suitability of that investment in light of its own circumstances. In particular, each potential investor should: (i) have sufficient knowledge and experience to make a meaningful evaluation of the relevant Notes, the merits and risks of investing in the relevant Notes and the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus or any applicable supplement to this Prospectus; (ii) have access to, and knowledge of, appropriate analytical tools to evaluate, in the context of its particular financial situation, an investment in the relevant Notes and the impact such investment will have on its overall investment portfolio; (iii) have sufficient financial resources and liquidity to bear all of the risks of an investment in the Notes, including Notes with principal or interest payable in one or more currencies, or where the currency for principal or interest payments is different from the currency in which such potential investor’s financial activities are principally denominated; (iv) understand thoroughly the terms of the relevant Notes and be familiar with the behaviour of any relevant indices and financial markets; and (v) be able to evaluate (either alone or with the help of a financial adviser) possible scenarios for economic, interest rate and other factors that may affect its investment and its ability to bear the applicable risks. Some Notes are complex financial instruments and such instruments may be purchased as a way to reduce risk or enhance yield with an understood, measured, appropriate addition of risk to their overall portfolios. A potential investor should not invest in Notes which are complex financial instruments unless it has the expertise (either alone or with the assistance of a financial adviser) to evaluate how the Notes will perform under changing conditions, the resulting effects on the value of such Notes and the impact this investment will have on the potential investor’s overall investment portfolio. Risks related to the structure of a particular issue of Notes A wide range of Notes may be issued under the Programme. A number of these Notes may have features which contain particular risks for potential investors. Set out below is a description of the most common such features: Notes subject to optional redemption by the Issuer An optional redemption feature is likely to limit the market value of Notes. During any period when the Issuer may elect to redeem Notes, the market value of such Notes generally will not rise substantially above the price at which they can be redeemed. This also may be true prior to any redemption period. 15
Page 1 and 2: PROSPECTUS DnB NOR Bank ASA (incorp
Page 3 and 4: e distributed or published in any j
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS Page Documents Incorporate
Page 7 and 8: which is incorporated by reference
Page 9 and 10: Size: Distribution: Currencies: Red
Page 11 and 12: Denomination of Notes: Taxation: Ne
Page 13: effect on the Issuer’s future res
Page 17 and 18: comparable Floating Rate Notes tied
Page 19 and 20: Government and monetary authorities
Page 21 and 22: FORM OF THE NOTES The Notes of each
Page 23 and 24: VPS, as the case may be, as the hol
Page 25 and 26: 5. Issue Price: [ ] per cent. of th
Page 27 and 28: - Relevant Screen Page: [ ] (In the
Page 29 and 30: advised to consider the practicalit
Page 31 and 32: RESPONSIBILITY The Issuer accepts r
Page 33 and 34: (N.B. If the Notes are derivative s
Page 35 and 36: DTC INFORMATION - REGISTERED NOTES
Page 37 and 38: TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE NOTES T
Page 39 and 40: This Note may be an Index Linked Re
Page 41 and 42: (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Solvency T
Page 43 and 44: shareholders of the Issuer or by th
Page 45 and 46: (ii) case of (y) above, shall be po
Page 47 and 48: ‘‘Day Count Fraction’’ mean
Page 49 and 50: (ii) (iii) (iv) accruing thereafter
Page 51 and 52: later, five years from the date on
Page 53 and 54: interest under Condition 7 or under
Page 55 and 56: electronic means) in a form accepta
Page 57 and 58: As used herein, the ‘‘Relevant
Page 59 and 60: Subsidiary may be relied upon by th
Page 61 and 62: (ii) to a transferee who takes deli
Page 63 and 64: In acting under the Agency Agreemen
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In connection with the exercise by
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USE OF PROCEEDS The net proceeds fr
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Currently, the Group has the follow
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need for risk-adjusted capital. The
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Residential mortgages in Retail Ban
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The Baltic states and Poland are im
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According to current parameters for
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Members of the Supervisory Board Th
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d) Deputies elected by the employee
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Control Committee Responsibilities
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generally be treated as ‘‘passi
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number of complete years to maturit
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Backup Withholding and Information
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SUBSCRIPTION AND SALE The Dealers h
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expiry of the applicable Distributi
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(a) (b) it has only communicated or
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Clearing Systems The Notes have bee
Page 99:
AUDITORS To the Issuer Pricewaterho
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Base Prospectus - Malta Financial Services Authority

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