Penman's Art Journal (Volume 2) - Iampeth

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xr A Game of Life. ) idly depenils, upoo kindrod on > something, no doubt, I n«u"r How Steel Feus are Hade. A few wtuOtsHiiicc line of oui' coriespoudcuts requeritutl tliat we sIjoiiM iufoiin the roiidera of tbe Jourmal ifgardiug the pro- Ui'seuf mauiifactut'iiig steel pens. Deemiug this mibjoct of ucuihiderublf iuterest tiDd importauce, ouu, to uuswer wliinli in a satis- fnctory mauuer, required personal obser- viitioD and iuforiimtiou which wc at that tiniu did uot posfccss, and desiring our auswer to be botli ftill aud reliable, we recoutlj visited tht- extenhive hlet-l pen works of the Esterbrook Hteel Pen 0"., at Cam- deu, N. J., which is a suburb of Philadelphia. Arriviog at the works aud auuounc- iug ourselvett as uu editor iti pinMiit of inforoiiitiou ill ii{.Nii.i ii. |ieii tiiiUiiug, we wore luoal. e.,i,il.nNsl^ ...vivr.l, iiudcou. due-ttHlbj llie •.n|H.i,,,i,u.Uiil tlHolIgli the Hoveial depiiituiiM.l-, luut llie uliject and purticulur proet'ss uf each curelully ex- I>luiiiod. We wei'c tiret shown the steel from which the pens are made ; it is of the tiiivst quality, aud is imported from Sheflield, Kuglaud, ill sheets tive feet long, one aud oue-half feet wide, aud oue-sixteeutb of an inch thick. These sheets are fii:st cut into stvipi eighteen inches loug by from two aud oue-half to three iuches wide, they are then packed into irou pots, sealed where they are passed rapidly through ma- ohines, operated by girls, with such rapidity as to out from two hundred to two hundred and fifty pen blanks per miuute ; ia this room are teu macbiues capable of cutting an aggi'egatu n( 1,500.000 pens each working day of ton hours ; allowing 300 working days per year, this would give annually 450.000,000 peus, about ten for each man, wnuau and child in the United States. The pens are next pierced and side slit. The pierciug is done by a great variety of eoniiguration iu the slumps, and forma the Muied-shaped upetturo to be seen at the back of the pen. The slitting at tbe sides or edges gives liexibility. Everytbiug here, as in.leed everywhere else, is turned out with matbeuthticttl accuracy and precision. .In this department there are twouty-niue punche-N and a woman is THE PENMAN'S AKT JOURNAL. working at each. A good hand will pass one IhonsaDd gross per Meek through b< bands. Tbe we next pass into, and bere we must slate that before the pens go through this department, they have to go back to the muffle again to be annealed. Tbey are then put into iron boxes which, with the inclosed pens, are inserted in the furnace indicates the nature of the operation performed iu this departnieiit, viz ; the mime of the makers, the number by which the pen is known and the name of the peu, such as "The Falcon." "bchoolPen," "Pine Point," "Easy Writer," etc., is stamped upon them. There presses to be fteen of these marking en here. Tliese machines see that the process is going on satisfactorily, aud to enable him to take them out lit the right moment. Now we come to the where tbe peus are put into galvanized irou barrels with saw-dust, etc., and made to revolve until they become bright. Then we go to tbe where there are twenty-five punches, which perform tbe operation of making tbe slit at the poiut of tbe peu. When we consider that the peu comes almost to a poiut at the end, so that there is no margiu whatever for the slightest deviation from tbe eeutre, and reflect also that the ful nud expert tbe operators in the performauce of their duty. Our next visit is to the Here there are from twenty to twentycrous than tbe favorite mottoes of teachers five girls at Work, who may be termed experts, whose bu&iuess it is to examine eacb peu siugly. They tiike up a peu with each baud, try the points aud examine tbe grinding, stampiug, markiug, fiuish, temper and geueral appearance. Indeed there are from twelve to fifteen clas.se8 of pens which are thrown out for as u reasons, and these faults aud blemishes are noted with such celerity that each e aminer will sort 100 gross per dny. Oi guide next takes us into the Tbe peu certainly is mightier than the Tbe object of varnishing is to prevent rust, and impart a fine gloss and finish. For this purpose the pens are put into ii sh.duiig them in n riddle ; then they are baked for four or five minutes, to dry ofl all the remaining moisture. Tbey are non ready for tbe where they are weighed off into grosses. The first gross being counted, and tbe rest weighed off with the couuted gross as a States ; also to Canada, South America, Mexico, Cuba, and mauy otber places. Some of them have been forwarded to England. So well is tbe standard aud unvarying excellence of these pens known aud acknowledged that our general as well as State governments invariably require these peus to be specified in their contracts for stationery, etc. Our public schools and corporations iu tbe same way acknowledge with clay, uir-tight, and placed iu a closed furnace called the muffle, aud heated sufflcieutly lo remove all temper from the steel, thus softening it sufficieotly to admit of its being rolled lo tlie required thinuess for the particular pen into wuich it is to be made. This is done by repeatedly passing it cold botwoeu powerful rollers worked by (.team ; when brought to the required tliickness these strips ure from three to four feet long by two to three iuches wide; brauch of this establisbmeut. Here the peus are first ground straight or lengthwise, aud also across. Tbe object of tbe fiist-uamed process is to assist the How of the ink, and of the second to retard or bold it buck ; thus an equilibrium is obtained, auil tbe ink flows just as the writer uses the pen. This grinding is operated on emery wheels, of which there are iift\ iu this department. Our coudactor now introduces us into the their undeviating excellence. We felt alundautly paid for our visit to these works. The cleanliness, order, comfort, couveuience ; tbe marked design and adaptability of everything, was striking aud exemplary, such as to do high honor to American manufacturing skill aud enterprise. Shell and Substance. Mauy good people have a queer way of ihev aie theu tnken to the seizing tbe shell o£ wit without uoticing tbe lack of tbe substance. The real pith aud marrow of wisdom are easily counterfeited with empty words, which it is not these work absolute mischief with the un- thiukiug ; others are only laughable. Nothing, for instance, can be more ludi- of penmanship. A master urgors his pupils to make their copy-books as elegant as possible—a most laudable endeavor ; for tbe annoyance, vexation and error that arise from bad penmanship are incalcula- it, and which of course sounds very poetic and very just to them, is curious. Across tbe top of tbe blackboard, with plentiful flourishes and mis-used capitals, be in- scrilies this legend : " The Pen is Mightier than the Sword." sword ; but when Bulwer wrote the line be had no special reference to caligraphy. The jien that makes the ugliest crow tracks, before named, and when lieiled sufficient- perfon'ted vessel, dipped into the varnish if they are legible, is just as mighty as if ly, are taken out and aliownl to cool then put into a swinger, iu which tbey )irt it rivalled the luxurious curves and dashes gradually. made to revolve rapidly to throw off the of the burin. Aud, by the way, this quo- The name of this room itself Miffi iently superfluous varuish, which also partially tation calls to mind the curious way iu dries them ; this process is continued by which things sometimes outgrow their symbols. We never think of typifying military power excepi by the bayonet and the sword ; though every soldier knows that iu modern warfare both tbe sword and tbe bayonet are comparatively harm- less and useless. Again, you shall bee, among exhibited specimens of penmanship, on a finely-wrought scroll, which per- foot, while the i)eus are being put under tbe marker by bund. It will be seen from the name of one of biilance, and with as much care as if they were gold. They are now ready to be put into the small boxes, eacb of which conhaps is put iuto tbe mouth of a rather flat eagle, some such quotation as this the brands just given, that they are the tains a gross, aud which are too well makers of tbe celebrated " Falcuu Peu," 4 8. The sale of this pen alone last year was about two hundred tbousaud We were next shown into the known iu the market to need description " here. Over every department through which we passed there was an experienced foreman, who is thoroughly skilled, is an adept at tbe work, a;id who sees that everything proceeds with order, accuracy and Tbe truth of the sentiment is not to be questioned. But in order to move the million minds it is not at all necessary to spend any portion of tbe drop in heavy flourishes or superfluous hair-line spirals. Raising is a technical term which means Indeed, the less of these tbe better. precision. bending ; hitherto the pens have been fiat. Probably not one of the thoughts that has Most people have doubtless heard of tbe Now tliey are raised or bent into shape by moved the world was originally written iu nine processes through which a pin has to means of jiresses, to which levers are at- what a professor of penmanship would call pass iu its manufacture ; here, however, tached, and which are brought down upon elegant hand-writing. Somebody has said eacb pen passes through from fifteen to tbe pens siugly. Only one pen ia manipu- that it is no particular credit to a man to twenty-five distinct operations, according lated at a time. This is the case in each write a legible hand, but it is a great shame to style, quality aud finisb. Tbe greater department aud at every operation. Here not to. Whoever succeeds iu making peo- portiou of tbe pevs here manufactured, we counted twenty-five of these presses. ple write so that it can be read easily, is being of a very fine quality, pass through Again the pens have to be passed to tbe engaged in a most laudable enterprise. from twenty-two to twenty-five operations. muffle, which may now be called the We have thus enlarged upon tbe subject The Esterbrook Steel Pen Co. make over of modern penmanship merely to illus- 150 diflerent styles of pens, and have in where tbey are put into sheet-iron barrels, trate our opening sentences, which have a their employ from 250 to 300 bauds, mostly and under eacb barrel is a slow file. Tbey much wider application thau to those who women, tbe work being principally light, are tlien made to revolve by turning a not only think the pen is mightier than the is peculiarly favorable for such help. bundle, while at tbe open end of eacb bar- sword but believe that peu is mightiest The goods they produce are of acknowlrel a workman stands with a spoon about' which aiakes tbe most flourishes and puts edged excellence, equal to tbe best Eughsb four feet long, which be inserts from time the most capital letters iu plme.s where makers. They are sent all over the United to time, taking out a few of the peus to prosody forbids them. The following is the Chinehe version of Mary and her lamb : We heard a son of Erin trying to surround Mary and her little Iamb the other day, and this is the way we understood it lary wud stl irherathutupB, *Th^VouUB« Dllowbercomplately. ouncilBluffiiOlijVr. So celebrated a poem sh ouldhave a French La petite M vue bluncbee lere la belle S.i}£'!; -Ivtpoi l^dpoet
II gold ftDd BiiDW ftgBtuitt the gUdlDg blue Attending the Convention. Till- Maj uuniber of llie Peimums Help. in He. liitt etlituiinl, announces wlint |)ut. porta to be tbe sentiments of penmen coucerniiig tbe convention, namely, timtman; favor it, and that otbers regard it iiitb dis- trust on account of tbe element of seltiNb- ness tbut will suiejj' be manifested to tlie disgust of everybody. I do not believe that sentiment exists to any extent wortby " Can you teach our boys of a peumau is : •nd girls how lo m-ile ? Are you acquainted with all the diflerent recognized departments of your profession ? Have you auffioient brains to properly impart instruc- tion ? Is your moral character such as to make you a (it preceptor of young men and women ?" It has come to pass that egotism in any branch of education is unmistakable ovideuce of stupidity. I pity that penman or teacher of any com- merciiil branch, who fancies he has attained tbe acme of bis profession, and that bn cannot learn anything at tbe com- ing convention. His mental condition is certainly deprecable. If I understand the auimiis of the movers of this proposed convention, nut a single element of undue sellisbness is yet open to the visual or mental perception of any one ; and from what we know of the character of the com- for Euglaud at Trafalgar ; and pray, let us liear nothing further of jealousy among penman, and obstinacy in according to others the merit their acquirements demand. Leave out these despicable failings from mention in the profession. I should not hesitate to advise u young teacher of oommeieial branches, just start- ing out, to borrow from tifty to seventylive dollars, if necessary, for the purpose of attending the convention. I believe THE PENMAN S ART JOURNAL. tiie importance of the occasion woubl w rant 11. 1 believe it also to be of the most importance that every busiuess-c lege manager shall be present wilU all 1 tices for tbe local papers. They can aid tbe committee of arrangements also by sending in names of teachers of commercial branches, according to request. Tbe time is past when the commercial course consisted of a few sets of bookkeep ing to be completed in from "eight tu twelve weeks," and when tbe term Penman was applied too often to an unprincipled nomad whose chief purposi get money without giving any sort of editors iu the vicinity, we are not prepared to say. We commend the matter to the se- atteution of teachers, with the siigges- that as one means of acquiring the teacbeiu Commercial colleges have been powe- to read manuscript with tbe same fa- proposing for a score of years ; but it has eibty and expression as print, the pupils never yet been demonstrated that there is ihould be caused to read aloud and to the sufficient substance in 'them to create i whole school, each other's compositions and cohesive force necessary lor a fully de veloped organism. Let How often is it be shown an audience onc< or a company pained by for the garbled all, at that rendering time, of that they are a some in- vital teresting written force in tbe document, system when, if of proper- education, co ordi. ly delivered, justice would nate with be any done to other tbe branch, and an eminent ter and interest and information exemplification given to of the practical require the hearers ? Instead of this, the bungling ments of the present age. reader not only hesitates and miscalls words, Teachers can help very materially in ad- but, taking advantage of a supposed bcense, vertising tbe movement by writing up no- but a real impertinence in such cases, he in- terpolates some nonsensical witticisms of his own, or seeks to cover his own ignorance by remarks on the handwriting, which is probably better than his own. But the worst of it is, that even in tbe case of handwriting which is perfectly legible, the r for the person who reads it aloud, 1 the sing-song, hop-skip-and-jump style which is supposed to be as proper to the fading of manuscript as a good rendering of the thought is to printed matter. Herein is double ignorance displayed :— ignorance equivalent in tuition. The day is ap- of mention, and were not its expression of proaching the when proprieties of the the occasion, penman's chair and shall ignor- found in a representative paper it would ance of be a found very in easily the seminary acquired accomplish- everywhere, iu in no wise be wortiiy of notice. ment—that of reading manuscript iss collegeii. in normal the and public Tbe profession of penmansliip same lias grown manner as print. schools, and when the word penman, with- a little too broad in its .scope, and Amongst teachers the especially, the habit it exception, of shall be a synonym for -•.cbolar field is too thoroughly properly occupied reading fur raonuscript an un- should be cul- id gentleman ; when the business course worthyated. element of They that are sort supposed to to lind en- be the most shall require two years of bard disciplinary trance. Tbe learned day has persons in gone when many communities, the and re- study, and every feature of tbe course cognized such are often peumuu called was an on in public expert as well at card- shall | be clean-cut, comprobeusive and ac- in private, writing to read and flaming aloud letters and advertisements, other and curate in all its details ; and the convention written documents, knowing and as they little of ought to anything be able else as possi- will serve to hasten that day. to do so. in most cases, ble without ; selfishness hesitation. and egotism were rife L. L. S. It is true that every writer among has his that class whom own pecuwe will gladly let rest iu oblivion. Tbe question now asked POBLICATION Reading Manuscript. though always ready and every day improv! lug in ability to do our portion of the labor, —in fact rejoicing at the very idea of our handwriting being lor once in demand. But seriously, tbe French have got the start of us in this matter , and tbe sooner our chddren are taught to read manuscript, as a part of their education, the better. Whether this shall be done by the use of a book of fac- similes, or of the teacher's (in all cases, as it should be; beautiful ohirography. and then that of others, down to the specimen scrawls which could be furnished by lawyer, and Keep on Tryiug. Jive orer elgUng, ceaae to comploiu, ill keep on trying. Gems from Our Scrap Book. mittee, we can unqualifiedly assert that the programme and proceedings of tbe couveutiou will not be in tbe special interests of any penman, college or colleges, in any sense whatever, but they will be iu tbe genernl interests of every college and penman in tbe United States and Canada. Now it is possible to make that convention a grand educational success, but the re- •ponsibility of making it such rests upon every business-college teacher and penman in tbe country. It is not to be a convention of lifly teachers, but a convention of at least three hundred and fifty of the live, practical, earnest teachers of tbe «*(,& country, warm with the fervor of educational fire. Let no oue go into that I convention e.'specting to be a ' lisrilies, but in most oases these ' are not Among very the school books used in France formidable ; and a hasty glance at the docu s ona little known in this country ment before beginning, will generally sufhce listing of fao-nimilei of letters writti to enable the reader to perform bis task t iusinessmen, eminent people. Ac, intended satisfaction of all.— ./'en,!. Sehool J^urm to teach children the art of reading writing, of which there is almost universal ignorance in America. Every variety of hand is select- Pbivate Fortunes of some of the od, beginning with the best, and gradually Noted PEHSONAaES I of Ancient Times.proceeding to the scrawls which puzzle prin- Croesus possessed a fortune of S17.000,. ters and ' ' blind-letters men in post-offices." j 000 ; Seneca, tbe philosopher, 812,080,'- We cut this scrap from an exchange news- 000 ; Lentulus, a soothsayer, paper, and SI7,50O,0Oo'; suppose, without knowmg it, that Tiberius, at hie death, the left tact is as therein 8118,125,000. otlier stated. people's It gardei puts us in hicb Caligula mind spent of a in less proposition than made by twelve I an inteUigeut montlis. friend, about a year ago, lo j prepare and publish a similar work for the schools of this county, coupled with principle the nnd tlie leaet doubtfully understood in 1 compli- The <strong>Journal</strong> as a Medium I wall dowmentary of Advertising. &t. F, de SaiM. request that we ourselves—person. er." Every The teacher present in attendance will be ally, not large editorially—should circulation of I I furnish tbe Tbe criterion by which we Judge the copy 31'BNii,, expected luj certainly to do his duty for in the •scrawl" reaching, more rigid as than tliat it part does, of a by wbjch the work. very we viuti large Since be Judged. helping on tbe interests of the convention, then we majority A gianng fnult lu of anotL eriH all have beard nothing the teachers of of writing the project, and cusable weaknees iu o\tne\\ea. O iir ey as were Lord bookkeeping Nelsoi/s in the sailors country, in renders it figbtiUK a open wlien we look at our ueigbbovB but most effective medium foradvertising book.s, merchandise and materials desired in those' Teachers seeking situations, and persons desiring to employ teachers will find the columns of the JooitNin an effective medium. Tbe fact that no advertisement not in hue with the objecU of the JooBNinnre so- licited, and quite a limited number of others desired, renders it doubly valuable to the few who do advertise. 'a nobUily.— iriDg beiuty d looks for the good flndi end bear mao(uUy aU 1 Uiluga a 1, an«r thai, does not hold Itsel/ respoD- lob?" "Tee; Iota of grapes, and ripo t there's dog«." "Big dogsT" "Yes; " Then, Bob, come away ; ttaoio gfmpet
Page 1: '^^hS^,, :#-*^-'i f>c- ''v y j^ l»
Page 4 and 5: gentcd th
Page 6 and 7: PoblUbed Monthlj at «I.OO t ADVEBT
Page 8 and 9: FTctrabioea PrinR. 6. 2. 3, 3. KuH
Page 10 and 11: idustrial Art Education mm SCHOOL o
Page 12 and 13: It gltdM like tLe tw%t Twitting Tb*
Page 14 and 15: iiblr ! 91.00 per Vear. ADVERTISINO
Page 16 and 17: Tribal* to P. E. Spencer. Th r« 1*
Page 18 and 19: A '. GAZE I PONDER ! ! BEHOLD ! ! -
Page 20 and 21: half of the difTcrent jioMtionH ; a
Page 22 and 23: ffer Ibo followiuK PIIEMIUMS. [Micr
Page 24 and 25: Penmen's Convention. The following
Page 26 and 27: A. Rare Opportunity and p*7lnc writ
Page 30 and 31: i^^^i^^M^ ADVERTISISO BATES: PREMIU
Page 32 and 33: THE P E X M A N S ART J O IT R N A
Page 34 and 35: Distinctive Features POINTS OF Sri'
Page 36 and 37: all plain enough now ; and her love
Page 38 and 39: utloni, Mcb of wh Ob are tmong th f
Page 40 and 41: Foundation of Good Feamamhlp. It in
Page 42 and 43: THE STANDARD! New, Revised aod Coff
Page 44 and 45: BoaineM CoIleg» bsTe, boirever, pa
Page 46 and 47: PaMlahcid Mraiblr k* •I'OO per T
Page 48 and 49: The Convention. * Fannant tothecirc
Page 50 and 51: THE P'E'X'M'ANS AKT JOTJENAL. Disti
Page 52 and 53: er vUl explftiD to the etadent the
Page 54 and 55: In xlntice ; for qturtcrlr In >
Page 56 and 57: 6 THE PENMAN'S AKT JOURNAL. F. N. H
Page 58 and 59: SflUL[ SPECIAL PEN> BRYAN AMD STRJT
Page 60 and 61: and his art, nnd it« grand thought
Page 62 and 63: PnblUbed I D. T. AME8. : aoa Bruadm
Page 64 and 65: follow the tootsUp* of mr deu- teMh
Page 66 and 67: 1 THE PENMAN'S ART JOURNAL. THE STA
Page 68 and 69: Uieo2>le and it ib the same as givi
Page 70 and 71: Pnbll.bMt Wonlhly >l »I.OOpw Year.
Page 72 and 73: MoDOgmn of eevcnth principle letter
Page 74: F L S O 31 S Business College. E«c

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