BENNION ON STATUTORY INTERPRETATION ... - Francis Bennion

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BENNION ON STATUTORY INTERPRETATION Fifth Edition Updating Notes (Version 24, 25 Mar 2010) Section 211. Consolidation Acts ....................................................................................................... 41 Section 213. Meaning of enacting history ........................................................................................ 42 Section 217. Use of Hansard ............................................................................................................. 42 Section 220. Special restriction on parliamentary materials (the exclusionary rule) ........................ 42 Section 221. Use of international treaties ......................................................................................... 42 Section 231. The basic rule ............................................................................................................... 43 Section 232. Use of official statements on meaning of Act .............................................................. 43 Section 233. Use of delegated legislation made under Act ............................................................... 43 Section 234. Use of later Acts in pari materia .................................................................................. 44 Section 235. Use of judicial decisions on Act .................................................................................. 44 Part XV. The Functional Construction Rule .................................................................................... 44 Section 238. Statement of the rule .................................................................................................... 44 Section 242. The proviso .................................................................................................................. 44 Section 245. The long title ................................................................................................................ 44 Section 247. The purpose clause 734 ................................................................................................ 45 Section 250. Examples ...................................................................................................................... 45 Section 255. Heading ........................................................................................................................ 45 Section 256. Section name (sidenote, heading or title) ..................................................................... 45 Section 257. Format .......................................................................................................................... 45 Section 258. Punctuation .................................................................................................................. 45 Section 259. Nature of incorporation by reference ........................................................................... 45 Section 260. Archival drafting .......................................................................................................... 46 Division Four. Interpretative Principles Derived from Legal Policy ............................................. 46 Part XVI. Interpretative Principles (General) ................................................................................. 46 Section 263. Nature of legal policy ................................................................................................... 46 Section 264. Law should serve the public interest ............................................................................ 46 Section 265. Law should be just and fair .......................................................................................... 46 Section 266. Law should be certain and predictable ......................................................................... 47 Section 267. Law should not operate retrospectively ....................................................................... 47 Section 268. Law should be coherent and self-consistent ................................................................. 47 Section 269. Law should not be subject to casual change ................................................................ 47 Section 270. Municipal law should conform to international law .................................................... 47 Part XVII. Principle against doubtful penalisation ......................................................................... 48 Section 271. Principle against penalisation under a doubtful law .................................................... 48 Section 273. Statutory restraint of the person ................................................................................... 48 Section 278. Statutory interference with economic interests ............................................................ 49 Section 281. Statutory interference with rights of legal process ....................................................... 49 Division Five. Interpretative Presumptions Based on the Nature of Legislation .......................... 49 Part XVIII. Interpretative Presumptions (General) ........................................................................ 49 Section 285. Presumption that literal meaning to be followed ......................................................... 49 Section 286. Presumption that consequential construction to be given ............................................ 49 Section 287. Presumption that rectifying construction to be given .................................................. 50 Section 288. Presumption that updating construction to be given .................................................... 50 Part XIX. The Mischief and its Remedy ........................................................................................... 51 Section 294. Party-political mischiefs .............................................................................................. 51 Part XX. Purposive Construction ...................................................................................................... 51 Section 304. Nature of purposive construction ................................................................................. 51 Section 305. Purposive-and-literal construction ............................................................................... 52 Section 306. Purposive-and-strained construction ............................................................................ 52 Part XXI. Construction Against ‘Absurdity’ ................................................................................... 52 Section 312. Presumption that „absurd‟ result not intended ............................................................. 52 Section 313. Avoiding an unworkable or impracticable result ......................................................... 52 www.francisbennion.com/5th-edn 4
BENNION ON STATUTORY INTERPRETATION Fifth Edition Updating Notes (Version 24, 25 Mar 2010) Section 314. Avoiding an inconvenient result .................................................................................. 53 Section 315. Avoiding an anomalous or illogical result ................................................................... 53 Section 316. Avoiding a futile or pointless result ............................................................................. 53 Section 317. Avoiding an artificial result ......................................................................................... 53 Section 318. Avoiding a disproportionate counter-mischief ............................................................. 54 Part XXII. Construction Against Evasion ........................................................................................ 54 Section 319. Presumption that evasion not to be allowed ................................................................. 54 Section 320. Evasion distinguished from avoidance......................................................................... 54 Section 322. Methods of evasion: doing indirectly what must not be done directly ........................ 54 Section 324. Methods of evasion: repetitious acts ............................................................................ 54 Section 326. Construction which otherwise defeats legislative purpose .......................................... 54 Part XXIII. Application of Ancillary Rules of Law ......................................................................... 55 Section 327. Presumption that ancillary rules of law apply .............................................................. 55 Section 329. Presumption that public law decision-making rules apply........................................... 55 Section 330. Presumption that rules of equity apply......................................................................... 56 Section 331. Presumption that rules of contract law apply ............................................................... 56 Section 332. Presumption that rules of property law apply .............................................................. 56 Section 334. Presumption that rules of criminal law apply .............................................................. 56 Section 335. Rules of evidence ......................................................................................................... 57 Part XXIV. Application of Ancillary Legal Maxims ....................................................................... 58 Section 342. Double detriment: bona fides non patitur, ut his eadem exigatur ................................ 58 Section 343. De minimis principle: de minimis non curat lex .......................................................... 58 Section 346. Impossibility: lex non cogit ad impossibilia ................................................................ 58 Section 347. Necessity: necessitas non habet legem ........................................................................ 59 Section 350. Presumption of correctness: omnia praesumuntur rite et solemniter esse acta ........... 59 Section 351. Agency:qui facit per alium facit per se ........................................................................ 59 Section 352. Vigilance: vigilantibus non dormientibus leges subveniunt ........................................ 59 Section 353. Volenti principle: volenti non fit injuria ...................................................................... 59 Division Six. Linguistic Canons of Construction .............................................................................. 59 Part XXV. Linguistic Canons of Construction: General ................................................................. 59 Section 354. Nature of linguistic canons of construction ................................................................. 59 Section 355. Construction of Act or other instrument as a whole .................................................... 60 Part XXVII. Linguistic Canons of Construction: Interpretation of Particular Words and Phrases ................................................................................................................................................. 60 Section 363. Ordinary meaning of words and phrases ...................................................................... 60 Section 364. Composite expressions ................................................................................................. 61 Section 365. Technical terms (general) ............................................................................................. 61 Section 366. Technical legal terms ................................................................................................... 61 Section 367. Technical non-legal terms ............................................................................................ 61 Section 369. Neologisms and slang .................................................................................................. 61 Section 370. Archaisms .................................................................................................................... 62 Section 373. Homonyms ................................................................................................................... 62 Section 375. Judicial notice of meaning ........................................................................................... 62 Part XXVIII. Linguistic Canons of Construction: Elaboration of Meaning of Words and Phrases ................................................................................................................................................. 62 Section 378. Noscitur a sociis principle ............................................................................................ 62 Section 384. Ejusdem generis principle:general words followed by narrower genus-describing terms .................................................................................................................................................. 62 Section 388. Reddendo singula singulis principle ............................................................................ 62 Section 389. Expressum facit cessare tacitum .................................................................................. 63 Section 390. Expressio unius principle: description ......................................................................... 63 Section 393. Expressio unius principle: words of extension ............................................................. 63 www.francisbennion.com/5th-edn 5
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BENNION ON STATUTORY INTERPRETATION ... - Francis Bennion

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