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Light Perception - Material & Methods 2.2 Demonstrating Light Perception 2.2.1 Study rationale We predicted that the animals would prefer dark chambers over light ones to build their nests (scotophilia) and would try to avoid lighted chambers (heliophobia), if they were able to perceive light. Spontaneous reactions to light were tested through preferential nesting behaviour under strong artificial light versus darkness as well as under much lower natural daylight intensities versus darkness to examine whether the animals prefer dark or light boxes to build their nests. We further tested the involvement of retinal photoreceptors in the here shown visual performance of Zambian mole-rats. To this end, we used the enucleated mole-rats of our magnetoreception studies (B2.3) and examined their visual performance. Should the animals not be able to distinguish between light and dark anymore under this condition, the retina could be regarded as the seat of the receptors mediating photic signals in Zambian mole-rats. 2.2.2 Study procedure In the first study of this chapter, altogether 70 adult pairs of mole-rats were tested in two different experiments: experiment 1 comprised the exposure to strong halogen light in a two- armed maze, and experiment 2 comprised exposure to natural daylight intensities in an eight- armed maze. The experiments are separately listed in the following. 2.2.2.1 Halogen light We examined mole-rats in a two-armed maze under strong halogen light. The two-choice test chamber was located in a small windowless room separated from the animal housing room (fig. A4). The apparatus was made from light-impervious plastic (0.5 cm thick) and consisted of a circular centre and two opposite arms (L15 x W9 x H9 cm) that terminated in nesting boxes (L20 x W20 x H20 cm). The nesting boxes could be closed with a lid made from the same plastic material. In the middle of each lid was a space (5 x 5 cm), in which an opaque plate could be inserted to shade the respective box. We used self-made halogen lamps (illuminant: 100 W) enlightening the nesting boxes on both sides from 20 cm above. Both lamps were switched on in each trial to ensure an even distribution of the lamp-generated noise. Above each of the square lid spaces, we placed glass dishes (6 cm high, diameter 9.5 cm) filled with cold water in order to absorb the heat radiation generated by the halogen lamps and to balance the temperature regime within the maze. We additionally measured temperature in the running system without animals inside and sensors 14
Light Perception - Material & Methods fixed in the middle of both nesting boxes at about 10 cm height. We recorded temperature every ten minutes during eight runs of minimal 30 minutes (Eltek 1000 Series, Squirrel Meter/Logger; Eltek Ltd., Cambridge, UK). Fig. A4 Mazes for light perception studies. Two-armed maze with halogen light switched on (A) and eight-armed maze with translucent lids on the nesting boxes (B). In our study, four opaque and four translucent lids were used, being randomly distributed. In the halogen-lighted box, white light intensity was ~60 µmol photons 15 −2 −1 ⋅ m ⋅ s (LI- 250 Light Meter; LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A.) while in the shaded box, it was totally dark (
Page 1 and 2: Sensory Ecology of Electromagnetic
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Page 5 and 6: L I S T O F C O N T E N T S I S U M
Page 7: IV R É S U M É & O U T L O O K
Page 10 and 11: Zusammenfassung II ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Page 12 and 13: General Introduction Fukomys mole-r
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Magnetoreception - Results 3 RESULT
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Magnetoreception - Results Table B5
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Magnetoreception - Results Fig. B18
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Magnetoreception - Results Results
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References V REFERENCES Arendt D, T
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References Brett RA (1991) The ecol
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References David-Gray ZK, Bellingha
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References Heth G, Nevo E & Beiles
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References Kirschvink JL & Gould JL
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References Mattis DC (1965) The the
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References Oelschläger HA & Northc
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References Rado R, Terkel J & Wollb
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References Sharp PE, Blair HT & Cho
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References Williams MN & Wild JM (2
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Appendix VI APPENDIX A Abbreviation
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Figure legend B Figure legends Fig.
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Table legend C Table legends Table
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Wavelength spectra Fig. D3 Waveleng
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Wavelength spectra Fig. D7 Spectral
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The rat brain hippocampus E The rat
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ICC protocol B) GELATINE EMBEDDING
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ICC protocol iii) Adsorption contro
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ICC protocol G) DAB PREPARATION i)
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Gelatine coating and Nissl-staining
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Technorama Forum Lecture: 2000 year
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Technorama Forum Lecture: 2000 year
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Curriculum Vitae K Curriculum Vitae
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List of Publications L List of Publ
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