阅读全文请下载PDF文档 - 当代中国运动历史数据库

20101 

CJS 

30 

 

: ,, 

,, 

, 

,, 

, , 

 

: 

M ay the Suba ltern Have a Vo ice : A Cr itica l Rev iew of 

theB itterness2ExpressingGenre 

Ma Dandan 

Abstract: The author has reviewed the special genre ofbitterness exp ressingin 

the Chinese experience. This genre covers a variety of bitterness2exp ressing 

narratives, the purpose of which is not for discharging bitterness itself but for 

criticizing the national genealogy via the bitterness2exp ressing genre. The 

controlling energy of the possessed entailed in the major identity cultivated by the 

bitterness2exp ressing power has taken in a buffered region co2constructed by the 

researchers of the subaltern and the desire of the major identity. Nevertheless, due 

to the critics of the national genealogy being dependent, the nodes in the 

bitterness2exp ressing genre dismantling the enclosed modern fables, the 

extended sufferings differentiating the subaltern, and the division of the civilian 

being delayed, the p redicament of the intellectualsintermediationhas thus 

been revealed. 

3 : (Author:Ma Dandan, Iustitute of Anthropology, Shang2 

hai University) E2mail: tangdi@ shu. edu. cn 

: 

(200922011) 

205 

© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. h

20101 

Keywords: the subaltern, bitterness exp ressing , transgression 

 

, 2009,, 

: 1949 

,? , 

, , 

,,, 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

, , 

 

, 

(, 2007: 96) 1 

,,, 

, 

,,, 

, 

 

( subaltern) , , 

(, 2005: 25)(2000: 2) 

, , 

;, 

,, 

,2,, 

1 ( social indirection) 

, 

206 


,:,; 

(, 2005) 

,, , 

 

, R. (2005: 627): 

, 

, R. 

,,, 

,R. 

 

, R. 

, 

(, 2005: 32) ,, 

, , 

, 

: 

,, 

 

 

, , 

: , 

,; 

, 

, , 

M. , 

,,, 

 

 

 

(), 

, 

( 2003) 

207 


20101 

, 

, 

( 2006) 

, 

(2008), 

, 

,() , 

;, , 

( ) , 

, 

,M. 

,,, 

:, 

:( 

), 

(: 18) 

, 

,,, 

, 

 

, 1 

() 

( ) , 

, 

, 

? 

, 

,( 

),:, 

1,,,, 

, 

208 


(W. H inton) ( 1980) 

( I. D. , 2007), 

, 

:22 2 

, 

, 

(), 

,, 

, 

(Anagnost, 

1997) 1 ,,: 

,,, 

;, 

(, 

) ,;,, 

,, 

 

(, 1980: 158) , 

,, 

 

 

,,, 

, 

, 

,, 

(: 454): 

 

, 

 

1,Anagnost ( 1997), 

, 

209 


20101 

() 

, 

,, 

() , 

, 

, 

, 

,, 

1 , 

, 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

, 

, , 

,,,, 

;, 

,(: 170): 

? 

, 

, 

,! 2 

, 

, 

1 , 

, , 

,(2006: 3)50, 

2,, 

,, , 

, 

,, 

210 


(: 638), 

, 

, 

, 

 

, 

,:, 

:, 

,, 

;,(: 585) , 

,, 

, 

,, 

:, 

, 

, 

1 

, 

:, 

 

, , 

(), 

,: 

, : 

,222 

, , 

;, 

() , 

(past) , , I. 

1 ,,, 

,(2001) 

211 


20101 

D. (2007: 182): 

 

,, 

 

, 

, 

, 

,, 

,, 

,, 

, 

,,, 

( I. D. , 2007: 211) 

, 

, 1 , 

, 

, 

 

,,, 

2 () , 

,, 

,,( 

) () 

3 ;, 

,, 

,(Chan et al. , 1992) ; 

,; 

,,, 

1 

2,,, 

3 :,, 

(Mueggler, 2001) 

212 


,( 

) (, 2002;, 1998) ; 

,, 

 

(, 1999; 

, 2001) ;, , 

,, 

 

(, 2008: 1812185 ) 

(), 

1 , 

,, 

,,() 

, 

(, 2002;, 2006;, 2005) 2 

? , 

,? 

, , 

, 

,( fix) , 

3 , 4 ( reflection) 

,? 

() : 

, 

1 ,,, 

 

2 I. D. ; 

 

, 

, 

,, 

 

 

3 ,,,, 

 

4, 

(, 2009a) ,, 

, 

213 


20101 

20 50 

80 , 

( subaltern), 

, 

,, 

, 1 

, 

120: 

20, 

, 191921920 

: 

,, 

 

 

:, 

,,, 

(, 1999: 40282) , 

,,, 

:, 

2 

, 

, 

,, 

120, , , 

; 20 

,,, 

,, 

 

2, 

 

, 

,, 

,: 

, 

,, 

 

214 


,: 

,,:, 

,, 

, 

,, 

,: 

? 

 

? 

,,, 

 

? 

,, 

? 

 

,,, 

? 

! ! 

? 

 

 

 

,, 

, 

, 

, 

 

, 

,, 

,, 

20() , 

,, 

215 


20101 

, 

, 

, , 

,, , 

, 

, () 

,? ( 2001) 

 

, 

,, 

,;, 

,, 

, 

, 

 

,,? 

, 

, 

,, 

, , 

() 

( 2001: 7): 

, 

, 

,, 

 

250: 

,, 

, 

,, 

,,,; 

, 

216 


,, 

, 

, : 

; 

,,, 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

,,, 

(, 1980: 536) 

,, 

, , 

,(position), 

,,, 

 

, 

 

, 

(Chan, et al. , 1992) 1 , 

2 

(, 2008) ,,! 

,, 

,, 

, 

,,, 

,,() 

, 

1, 

2,, 

, , 

217 


20101 

,, 1 

, , 

,; 

2 , 

, 

,, 

(Chan, et al. , 1992 ) ( Kleinman, 2008b ) 

( somatization), 

 

, 

, 

, 

,1980 

, 

 

 

, 

(, 2008: 4982505) 

, 

, 

, 

(, 2008: 169) 

() 

 

,, 

1 

2 , 

,, 

, 

,,,() 

,,, 

 

218 


() 

2 ,, 

,, 

,, 

,, 

 

 

, 

,, 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

,, 

, 

? (: 141) 

3: 

,80 

, 

,, 

, , 

, 

,, 

,, 

,,,20 

30 

(, 2001: 248) , 

, 

, ,, 

, (, 2009) 

, 

,(1999) 

219 


20101 

;(2006), 

 

(2001: 338)20 

: 

 

, 

,, 

 

, 20, 

,, 

,,, , 

,( consum ing subject) ( 

, 2008) ; 20 

, 

,, 

1 ; 20, 

,80,, 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

2 ,2080 

,, 

, 

,,, 

1 , 

;, 

, 

,20 , 

(), 

 

2resistant ,, 

,,, 

220 


( ) , 

,20 

 

, 

M. (1999: 262): 

, 

, 

,, 

 

, 

,, 

, 

? 

 

, 

80,, 

 

,,, 

, 

 

, 

 

, 

: 

; 

 

 

, 1 , 

: 

1(2008: 15) 

,,,, , 

,(, 2006: 1762191) , 

,(, 2009b) 

 

221 


20101 

24,, 

;,30, 

, ,, 

() 

 

,, 

,, 

:,, 

 

,, 

(, 2006: 259) 

, 

 

,80 

( Kleinman [ 

] [ 2008b ] 

) :(, 

2008a;, 1987) 1 ; 

,, , 

, 

2 ,, 

,, 

,(2006: 264), 

 

 

, 

1 , 

, 

,, 

 

, ,, 

2, 

,,, 

, 

222 


1 

() 

,, 

? 

, 

, 

, 

(2007)600, 

,,, 

, 

, 

,,, 

,, 

,50 

, 

,(, 2006) 

, 

, 2 

1, 

,,(2)(: 

2003; 2006a; 2006b) ,, 

,, 

,,,, 

, 

,:, 

, 

,,, , 

,,,,,: 

,, 

(, 2006: 1292138) 

2,,,, 

,; 

,, 

, ,, 

, 

(, 2007) 

223 


20101 

? ( 2006), 

,50 

60 

70,90, 

,,, 

, ,, 

, 

,, 

, 

 

,50 

, 

, (: 4) 

, 

, 

, , 

, 

,, 

,,, 

,, 

, 

;( ) 

,, 

, 

, 

, , 

, 

,, 

, 

, 

(2006):, 

 

,, 

224 


, 

, 

,, 

, 

,, 

50 ,, 

, 

,, 

, 

,23 

, 

( Schein, 2000) 1 ,, 

,,, 

,, 

,, 

, 

,,(Mueggler, 2001) 2 

 

,, 

, 

,; 

 

; 

, 

; 

,, 

,, 

1(Louisa, 2000),/ 

 

2(2000), 

225 


20101 

, , 

,,, 

, ;, 

( hidden text), 

, 

, 

,, 

(2007: 2) 

,: 

 

 

 

: 

 

1 

, 

, 

, , 

; , 

() , 

, : 

; Schein (2000) 

, 

,,, 

, 

( subalternity), 

Anagnost(1997) 

1, 

,2050 60 

,,,, , 

, 1960 1964,, 

,, 

,(2004: 2092239) 

226 


, :, 

, 

, 

,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,, 

, 

, 

: 1 , 

: 

:,, 

, 

,, 

,, , 

, 

2 , 

,, 

,, 

1,,, 

: 

, 

:,, 

,,,, 

, , 

2 , 

(Madsen, 1984) 

,, 

, 

,,, 

, 

,1977, 

,, 

,,, 

, 

227 


20101 

,, 

,, 

,,, 

,, 

,,(, 2009: 

390) ,,, 

 

, 

:,, 

, 

, 

,, 

, , 

,,,, 

 

, 

 

,(2006): 

, 

,,, 

 

: 

 

,, 

(, 2005: 185) 

, 

 

, 

, ,, 

, , 

, 

228 


, : 

( tout autre,) , 

( 

, 2007: 113) , 

, 

,( namespace)M. 

J. , 

, , 

,, 

I. D. 

,, 

,, 

, 

,(2007: 3082 

313), 

,, 

, 

, 

,,,? 

, 

;, 

,,, 

, 

,, 

,, 

: 

 

,, 

,, 

,;, 

,, ( ) 

229 


20101 

,, 

,? ,(Mueggler) 

,,, 

, 

(References) 

Anagnost, Ann. 1997. 

National Past2Times: Narrative, Rep resentation, and Power in 

Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press. 

Chan, Anita, R ichard Madsen, and Jonathan Unger. 

and Deng. University of California Press. 

1992. Chen V illage under Mao 

. 2005. : [ G ] ,. . 

: . [ Chen Yangu. 2005. About the H istory of the 

Subaltern . Subaltern Studies. Beijing: Central Comp ilation and Translation 

Press. ] 

,. 2008. [M ]. ,. : 

. [Douglas, Mary. 2008. Purity and Danger. translated by Huang J ianbo, L iu 

Boyun, and Lu Chen. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House. ] 

. 2008. [M ]. ,,. : 

. [ D ikotter, Frank. 2008. Crime, Punishment and The Prison in Modern 

China. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop lePublishing House. ] 

, 

. [ 1957 ]2007. :[M ]. 

,. . [ Crook, I and D. Crook. [ 1957 ] 2007. Revolution in a 

Chinese V illage: Ten M ile Inn. 

Shanghai People s Publishing House. ] 

. 2006. 1949[M ]. : . [ Evans, 

Havviet. 2006. Women and Sexuality in China: Female Sexuality and Gender 

Since 1949. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop lePublishing House. ] 

. 2001. : 

[ G] ,. : 

. . [ Fang Huirong. 

2001. Emp ty Contextand the 

Realityin the NormalL ife: The Memories of the V illagers to the SocialL iving in 

the Period of the Land Reform. Shanghai Peop lePublishing House. ] 

. 2001. [ C ]. ,,:. [ Fairbank, John 

King. 2001. China W atch. Beijing: World Affairs Press. ] 

. [ 1948 ] 2006. [M ]. . [ Fei Xiaotong. [ 1948 ] 

230 


2006. From the Soil. Shanghai Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

. 1999. [M ]. ,. : 

. [ Foucault, M ichel. 

1999. Madness and Civilization: A H istory of Insanity in 

the Age of Reason. Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing Company. ] 

. 2002. ,[M ]. ,. : 

. [ Friedman, Edward, Paul G. Pickowicz, and Mark 

Selden. 2002. Chinese V illage, Socialist State. Beijing: Social SciencesAcadem ic 

Press. ] 

. 2000. [M ]. , , . : . 

[ Gram sci, Antonio. Selections from the Prison Notebooks. Beijing: Social 

Sciences Academ ic Press. ] 

. 2005. [ G ] ,. 

. :. [ Guha, Ranajit. 

2005. Considering Some Problem s 

in Making Colonial H istory of India. in Subaltern Studies ( edited by L iu J ianzhi 

& Xu Zhaolin). Beijing: Central Comp ilation and Translation Press. ] 

. 1999. : 

[ G ] ,. . : 

. [ Guo Yuhua. 

1999. Civil R itual and Theatre State: An Interp retation to How 

Power Practice: A study on the R itual and Social Change in a V illage in Northern 

Shanxi. in R itual and Social Change. Beijing: Social Sciences Academ ic Press 

(China). ] 

. 2007. :[M ]. , 

. : . [ Han M in. 2007. A Response to Revolution and 

Reform: Social Change and Community in a V illage in Northern Anhui, China. 

Nanjing: J iangsu Peop le Press. ] 

,, . 1998. :[M ]. : 

. [ Hastrup, Kirsten. 1998. O ther H istories. 

Publishing Company. ] 

Taipei: Rye Field 

. 2003. : 20[M ]. ,. 

: . [ Hershatter, Gail B. 2003. Dangerous Pleasures 

Prostitution and Modernity in Twentieth2Century in Shanghai. Nanjing: J iangsu 

Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

. 1980. : [M ]. , , . . 

[ H inton, W illiam. FANSHEN: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese 

V illage. tran. by Hanjing. Beijing Publishing House. ] 

231 


20101 

. 2006. [M ]. : . [ Huang Yinggui. 

2006. V isions of Anthropology. Taipei: Qunxue Publishing Company. ] 

. 2006. [M ]. ,. : . [ Jacka, 

Tamara. 2006. Rural Women in U rban China. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop le s 

Publishing House. ] 

. 2008a. [ G] ,. ,. . : 

. [ Kleinman, A rthur. 

2008a. Culture and Dep ression . 

in Understanding Anthropology. Beijing: China Renm in University Press. ] 

. 2008b. : [M ]. 

. [ Kleinman, A rthur. 2008b. Social O rigins of D istress and D isease: 

Neurasthenia, Dep ression and Pain in Modern China. Shanghai: SDX Joint 

Publishing Company. ] 

. 2005. : 192621948[D ]. 

. [Ma Dandan. 2005. The Sacrifice and the Gift: The Cultural 

Interp retation to the Basic Changes of the Social System s of V illages in North China 

(192621948). Beijing Normal University. ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2008. :( 192021949) [D ]. :. [Ma 

Dandan. 2008. The Inside and Outside of V illage Defense W all: A Case Study of 

the Banditry in the North of Henan Province ( 192021949 ). Beijing: M inzu 

University of China. ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2009a. :[ J ]. (3). 

[Ma Dandan. 

2009a. Bandits in Action: A Reflection from the Ethnography of 

Banditry Place. Journal of China AgriculturalUniversity( Social Sciences Edition) 

(3). ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2009b. 

[ G] ( 2009). 

. [Ma Dandan. 

2009b. The Imagined Community of the China2man in Exile: 

The Class Consciousness of the M iddle Class in the Film of D iaspora s Subject 

about Thirty Years Since Reform and Opening. in Proceedings of SASS Annual 

Conference 2009. 

Shanghai Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

Madsen, R ichard. 1984. Morality and Power in a Chinese V illage. Berkeley, 

University of California Press. 

2,, ,. 2001. [M ]. ,,. 

. [Moore2Gilbert, B. et al. 2001. Postcolonial Criticism. translated by Yang 

Naiqiao. Beijing: Peking University Press. ] 

232 


Mueggler, Eric. 2001. The Age of W ild Ghost: Memory, V iolence, and Place in 

Southwest China. Berkeley University of California Press. 

. 1999. : [ J ]. 

(5). [ Pan Yi. 

1999. Opening a M inor Genre of Resistance in Reform 

China: Scream, N ightmare and Transgression of a Workwoman in a Factory. 

Sociological Studies (5). ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2008 (2007). :[M ]. ,. : 

. [ Pan Yi. 

2008 (2007). Made in China: Women Factory Workers in a Global 

Workp lace. Hong Kong: M ingBao Enterp rise Corporation L td. ] 

. [ 1993 ]2001. :[M ]. , . : 

. [ Perry, Elizabeth J. 2001. Shanghai on Strike: The Politics of Chinese 

Labor. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop lePublishing House. ] 

. 2007. , 

[ J ]. ( 2 ). [ Qu J ingdong. 

2007. Adhere to the 

Subject V iews of the Combination between Structural Analysis and Mechanism 

Analysis to Deal with the Serious Problem s in the Process of Social Transference in 

China. Sociological Studies (2). ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2006. :[M ]. : 

. [ Rofel, L isa. 

2006. O therModernities: Gendered Yearnings in China 

after Socialism. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

. 2003. [M ]. ,. : . 

[ Said, Edward W. 2003. Culture and Imperialism. Beijing: SDX Joint Publishing 

Company. ] 

, . 2005. [M ]. , . : . [ Scase, 

R ichard. 2005. Class. Changchun: J ilin Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

Schein, Louisa. 

2000. M inority Rules: The M iao and the Fem inine in China s Cultural 

Politics. Durham: Duke University Press. 

. 1999. :()[M ]. ,. : 

. [ Schoppa, R. Keith. 1999. The Mystery of Shen D ingyi in 

Revolutionary China. Nanjing: J iangsu Peop le s Publishing House. ] 

. [ 1985 ]2007. [M ]. ,,. :. [ Scott, 

James C. 

2007. W eapons of the W eak, Everyday Form s of Peasant Resistance. 

Nanjing: Yilin Press. ] 

,. 2002. ,[M ]. ,. : 

. [ Selden, Mark et al. 

2002. Chinese V illage, Socialist State. Beijing: The 

233 


20101 

Social Sciences Academ ic Press. ] 

. 1998. [M ]. : . 

[ Skinner, G. W illiam. 1998. Marketing and Social Structure in Rural China. 

Beijing: Social Sciences Academ ic Press (China). ] 

. 2005. [ G] ,. 

,. . : [ Sp ivak, Gayatri C. 2005. 

Subaltern Studies: Deconstructing H istoriography. in Subaltern Studies. 

Beijing: Central Comp ilation and Translation Press. ] 

. 2007. ? [ G] ,. 

:. . [ Sp ivak, Gayatri C. 

2007. Can 

the Subaltern Speak? from Deconstruction to the Critique of Globalization: A 

Sp ivak Reader. 

Peking University Press] 

,. 2005. [ J ]. ,. 

(5). [U rbinati, Nadia. 

of Gram sci. Marxism and Reality (5). ( in Chinese) ] 

2005. The Subaltern and Hegemony Theories 

. 2003. :[M ]. : 

. [W ang M ingke. 

2003. Q iangbetween the Han and 

Tibet: A Study Of H istorical Anthropology on Chinese Borderland. Taiwan: 

L inking Publishing Co. L td. ] 

. 2006a. :[M ]. :. 

[W ang M ingke. 2006a. On Chinese Borderlands: H istorical Memory and Ethnic 

Identity. Beijing: Social Sciences Academ ic Press(China). ] 

. 2006b. :[M ]. : 

. [W angM ingke. 2006b. Heroes and B rothers: The Text and 

Context of Root H istories. Taiwan: A sian Culture Co. L td. ] 

. 2009. : 

[M ]. :. [W ang N ing. 2009. From the A scetic 

Society to the Consumer Society: Transformation of the Institutions of Consump tion, 

Incentives to Labor and the Structures of Subjectivity in U rban China. 

Social Sciences Academ ic Press (China). ] 

Beijing: 

. 1987. :[M ]. :. [ Xie 

Shizhong. 1987. The Hum iliation of Identity: The Ethnic Change of the Taiwanese 

Aborigines. Taiwan: Independent Evening Post Press. ] 

. 2000. :[M ]. 

. [ Yan Yunxiang. 2000. The Mobility of Gifts. Shanghai Peop les 

234 


Publishing House. ] 

. 2006. : , 19492 

1999 [M ]. ,. . [ Yan Yunxiang. 2006. The Revolution 

of the Private L iving: Love, Fam ily and Intimacy in a Chinese V illage. 

by Gong Xiaoxia. Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House. ] 

translated 

. 2006. :: 183221985 [M ]. : 

. [ Yang N ianqun. 2006. RemakingPatients : Politics of Space 

in the Conflicts between Traditional Chinese Medicine and W esternMedicine, 1832 

1985. Beijing: China Renm in University Press. ] 

. 2008. [ J ]. (3). 

[ Yu Xiaom in and Pan Yi. 2008. Consumer Society and Remaking the 

Subjectivities ofNew Generation of Dagongmei . Sociological Studies(3). ( in 

Chinese) ] 

. 2004. :1950 1960[M ]. . 

[ Yu Daizong. 2004. The Passion Being D iscip lined: The Red Stories in the Era of 

1950 and 1960. Shanghai: SDX Joint Publishing Company. ] 

. 2009. :[D ]. 

. [ Zhang Q iong. 2009. From Imm igrant Girl to A lien Daughter2in2law : 

Research on the L ife Course of the Social Adap tation of Marriage Imm igrants. 

Shanghai University. ( in Chinese) ] 

. 2006. : ( 194121951) 

[M ]. :. [ Zhang Xueqiang. 2006. V illage Transition 

and Peasant Memory: A Case Study on Land Reform in Shandong Base A rea 

(194121951). Beijing: Social Sciences Academ ic Publishing House (China). ] 

: 

235

阅读全文请下载PDF文档 - 当代中国运动历史数据库

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?