Indigo Shire - renewable energy mapping - Indigo Shire Council

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Earth Systems Mapping and Brokering Local Energy Solutions in Indigo Shire 8.5 Bioenergy Cropping Opportunities ................................................................................... 114 8.5.1 Short-rotation coppice cropping (SCC) and inter-cropping bioenergy ............................. 115 8.6 High Energy Demand Users ............................................................................................... 120 8.6.1 Murray Goulburn Kiewa (Tangambalanga) ............................................................................... 123 8.6.2 Uncle Toby’s (Wahgunyah) ............................................................................................................ 123 8.7 Bioenergy Modelling Targets ............................................................................................. 124 8.8 Conclusions and Recommendations ................................................................................ 130 9 Geothermal Energy ........................................................................................... 132 9.1 Geothermal Technology Review ....................................................................................... 132 9.1.1 Technology Costs and Economics .............................................................................................. 133 9.1.2 Environmental Impact ...................................................................................................................... 133 9.2 Geothermal Resources in Indigo....................................................................................... 134 9.3 Geothermal Opportunities in Indigo ................................................................................. 135 10 Hydropower ....................................................................................................... 136 10.1 Hydropower Technology .................................................................................................... 136 10.1.1 Technology Costs and Economics ............................................................................................ 137 10.1.2 Environmental Impact .................................................................................................................... 138 10.2 Hydropower Resources in Victoria ................................................................................... 138 10.3 Hydropower Opportunities in Indigo ................................................................................ 139 11 Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 141 12 Recommendations ............................................................................................ 144 13 References ......................................................................................................... 146 Appendices Appendix A: Appendix B: Appendix C: Appendix D: Appendix E: Electricity Demand – target setting for Indigo Shire Solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar thermal (CST) – Technology review, detailed meteorological GIS mapping, detailed costings and references Wind– Technology review, detailed costings and references Biomass – Detailed costings and references Errata – reviewers comments ISC1240_Phase_1_Report_Rev0_public report 10
Earth Systems Mapping and Brokering Local Energy Solutions in Indigo Shire Figures Figure 2.1: Representation of the Electricity Delivery Model [6] .......................................................... 23 Figure 2.2: High Voltage Shared Electricity Network in Victoria [] ...................................................... 23 Figure 2.3: SP Ausnet supply areas and terminal and zone substations in Indigo Shire area [6] .... 24 Figure 2.4: Location of Wodonga Logic Centre with respect to other Indigo load centres .............. 27 Figure 2.5: Connection Process for Medium-scale Distributed Generation [2] .................................. 28 Figure 3.1: Population map of Indigo Shire ............................................................................................ 31 Figure 3.2: Location of major towns and major industrial energy consumers (~1 MW e shown in white (including towns), ~10 MW e shown in red) ......................................................... 32 Figure 4.1: Map of Park and Forest Areas in Indigo Shire .................................................................... 33 Figure 4.2: Mountainous areas in Indigo Shire ...................................................................................... 34 Figure 4.3: Farming zone in Indigo Shire ................................................................................................ 35 Figure 4.4: Map of Areas of Cultural Significance in Indigo Shire ....................................................... 36 Figure 4.5: Land constraint areas from combined sources in Indigo Shire ........................................ 37 Figure 5.1: Levelised Cost of Energy [14] ............................................................................................... 40 Figure 6.1: Worldwide annual global solar exposure in kWh/m 2 []....................................................... 42 Figure 6.2: Annual average daily global solar exposure ....................................................................... 43 Figure 6.3: Annual average daily direct normal solar exposure........................................................... 43 Figure 6.4: Rutherglen Daily Global Solar Exposure by Month and Annual Average [] .................... 44 Figure 6.5: Solar operating plants with capacity of more than 30 kW e [] ............................................ 45 Figure 6.6: Martifer Solar PV array (left) []; Schematic of PV Solar generation system (right) []...... 45 Figure 6.7: Installed capacity of Solar PV internationally and in Australia [26,]................................. 46 Figure 6.8: Solar PV large scale installations in Australia [52] ............................................................ 47 Figure 6.9: Australian PV module prices in current AUD [] .................................................................. 48 Figure 6.10: PV System Capital Cost [] ................................................................................................... 48 Figure 6.11: PV Levelised cost of energy [43] ........................................................................................ 49 Figure 6.12: Balance of System Cost and Levelised Cost of Energy forecast [41]. .......................... 49 Figure 6.13: Schematic of Typical Concentrating Solar Plant []........................................................... 50 Figure 6.14: Australia Concentrating Solar Thermal plants [] .............................................................. 51 Figure 6.15 World Installed Concentrating Solar Thermal [] ................................................................. 52 Figure 6.16: Estimated LCOE dependence on system size (normalised to a 100 MWe system with 5 hours’ storage) [50] ......................................................................................................... 52 Figure 6.17 Estimated CSP cost / LCOE reductions (Reproduced from AT Kearney, 2010) [50] ...... 55 ISC1240_Phase_1_Report_Rev0_public report 11
Page 1 and 2: MAPPING AND BROKERING LOCAL ENERGY
Page 3 and 4: Earth Systems Mapping and Brokering
Page 7 and 8: Earth Systems Suggested Priorities
Page 11: Earth Systems Mapping and Brokering
Page 19 and 20: Earth Systems GHI GWEC ha HAWT HFR
Page 29 and 30: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title 13 Refer
Page 31 and 32: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title [28] ACT
Page 33 and 34: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title [54] Ear
Page 35 and 36: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title [82] Gre
Page 37 and 38: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title [110] No
Page 39: EARTH SYSTEMS Report Title [141] Ec

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