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Q&A ____ _ Consulting editors Andy Marlow and George Frank invite questions from readers about cabinetmaking and finishing. And we invite readers to join the discussion with their own answers to problems raised in this column, for although Marlow and Frank have about a century of experience in the woodworking arts, there 's always more to learn. WriteQIA, Fine Woodworking, Box 355, Newtown, Conn. 06470. A unique collection of Old Fashioned cut nails guaranteed to charm all interested in the memorabilia of Early American building. Included in the package is a description of the history of Cut Nail making in America. Mass. residents add 5% sales tax 20 Nail Kit $3.00 ppd. SEND FOR OUR P.O. FREE Box CATALOG TODAY TREMONT Wareham, III Mass. Dept. FW NAIL CO. 02571 127 DAVID POWE LL & JOHN TI ERNEY ANNOUNCE THE LEEDS DESIGN WORKSHOPS The Leeds Design Workshops houses Residents and the Intern Program . RES IDE N C Y is an opportunity for the designer / maker of fine furniture whose work is aimed toward individual commissions to operate his or her own business in the stimulating environment created by proximity to a number of others working in the same field.A resident has a private workbench space with ready access to an unusually well equipped machine shop 'THE I NTERN PROGRAM is a course of study and practice for the serious student in the design and making of fine furniture ' We are currently interviewing for both 1 Residency and Internship. 01027' For further information please write or call Leeds Design Workshops, Cottage Street · Easthampton Massachusetts ' 413-527-4718 Tel. First, a number of recent questions concern moisture, warp and shrinkage. Richard O. Phipps of Gilbertsville, Pa. , who builds early American furniture of select white pine in a small shop without heavy machinery, summarizes the problem : "To my frustration , almost every piece of wood I pick up is warped either in length or width ... I see all this beautiful furniture on the market and just toss up my hands in disgust-it seems impossible to obtain a perfectly straight board." Marlow replies : " The major cause of cupping is improper seasoning-the wood is not in equilibrium with the moisture contained in the air ("Water and Wood," Fall '76, p. 20). Pine is particularly susceptible because of the speed with which it is hurried through its journey from standing tree to the board in your shop. After the tree is felled and sawn it is shoved through a kiln for about half the time it should be. Then the boards are graded and planed and often stacked directly onto a freight car, one board right on top of another with no air in between. " When you buy pine, take it indoors and sticker it well for several weeks so it can dry and adjust. If you have to use it soon after purchase, cut the lumber to rough length and stand it on end with several inches of air all around. Hold it upright and away from the wall by tacking a thin, pliable strip to the end. " These are measures for preventing cup and warp . Flattening cupped boards is another matter, and there are twO ways to do it permanently. One, rip each board into a number of strips, joint the sawn edges square, and glue back into a single unit. Two , handplane the concave side until a straightedge placed across the board will touch both edges and the center. Then the board may be fed through a thickness planer, ftrst smoothing the convex side, then the hand-planed side. This will do 22
PARKS 12" THICKNESS PLANER MORE • 40,000 THAN IN USE OVER ALL WORLD THE The PARKS No. 95 is a com pac t . sturdy thickness planer that offers mill planer precision and ruggedness at a sensationally low price! Write for complete descriptive literature on the No. 95 THE PAR Planer. K S as WOOOWORKING well as on PARKS MACHINE wood·and CO. metal·cutting Band Saws; Planer·Jointer Combination Machines; horizontal and vertical. manual and auto· matic Panel Saws. Manufacturers Dept 01 FW, Quality Since 1501 Knowlton 1887 Woodworking 45223 S1. Machines Cincinnati, Ohio OLSON Precision Made Scroll Wood Coping Band & Jig Saw Saw Saw Blades Blades CustOIIl Specialty Saw Blades Blades Finest Quality. Highest Accuracy. J.,., THE OLSON SAW COMPANY A Bethel. DIVISION CT OF BLACKSTONE INDUSTRIES. INC Longest Cutting Life.' Write Willard A. 06801 • Nelson, (2031 SIs. 792·8622 Mgr. 16" PLYWOOD 'I." Vo"-$ Furniture 4.00 3.00 Oak and Cabinet Grade W- 6.00 '/11" Vo" -$4.00 "- Birch Multl·Ply B.OO Ash ." - 4.SO W -$4.00 9.00 %" 'II" 'I." -$3.00 4.00 Mahogany (Waterproof) ." 'I."-$ 10.00 5.00 'I." ." -$4.75 ." W' - 6.00 7.00 9.75 'II" -53.00 9.SO Bauwood '14" "-$ -$ pes. 6.00 of 7.SO %" 'II" 'I." -$2.50 3.SO Ramln - 4.50 'II" 'II" -$3.00 '/11" Poplar 'I." --$2.25 2.75 3.25 Walnut (For Doll Houses) 'II",'I,,", Lauan V," Maple Please add 15% your total for mailing. Will quote on cut to size and aircraft plywood. Stock price list on reo quest. $6.9"x12" $7.9"x16" pes. $5.9"x12" Mlled) - Hobby Package Specl., Po.tpald - Ramin I M •••. $4.9"x 01462 Box 141-W pes. pes. 8" pes. VIOLETTE PLYWOOD CORP., Lunenburg, ." - 10.00 Cherry of & (25 pes. Birch. Lauan " - 9.00 Knotty·Plne x 48" sheets. BANJO )()TS &.. PARTS for a free catalogue. write: STEWART MACDONALD BOX 900 ATHENS. OHIO 45701 Q & A (continued) a perfect job, if enough wood thickness remalllS. "If a large power jointer is available, it may be used to flatten the concave side. But do not even hope to remove a warp with the thickness planer alone. The pressure of the feed rolls will flatten it, but on leaving the planer it will spring back to the original warp. Both measures are worthless if the wood isn't thoroughly seasoned first. ''Longitudinal bow can be solved only by making up a panel width from two pieces with about the same bow. Edge.glue the two pieces together with one bow facing up, the other down. Use slow·setting glue and start clamp· ing in the center. Work toward each end, using a block and a heavy hammer to pull the joint even. Good luck." To Dennis S. Kinnel, whose resawn stock cups : Marlow explains that al· though the board may have seemed dry, the interior must have been wetter than the surface. The newly sawn surfaces therefore dry until they are in equilibrium with the original surface , shrink, and pull the board concave. One solution is to season the wood thoroughly before resawing, thereby eliminating these stresses . Reader Guy Bradt of San .Carlos, Calif. , suggests an opposite approach : "Store the lumber . in a damp place for several days before resawing to equalize the moisture in the middle and outside." In either case, after resawing sticker the wood on a flat place to allow it to stabilize. Reader Marcella Hudek, of Platte, S. D., writes : "I'm making a large, rolltop bread box. My problem is find· ing a sealer for the wood that won't retain an odor, so it doesn't contaminate my breads." Frank replies : " Buy a good brand of shellac, white for light wood, orange for dark. Make sure it is fresh since old shellac won't dry properly, and keep it in a glass container. Cut it one measure of shellac to three of alcohol, and apply two or three even coats with a soft brush. Let each coat dry thoroughly and sandpaper with a fine grit between coats. When the third coat is dry, cut the finish with 4/0 or 5/0 steel wool-rub until it is very smooth to the touch. Then apply a thin coat of paste wax, let it dry and rub clean with an old wool sock. The secret is to use very little DREMEL VARIABLE SPEED MOTO-TOOL. • Drills, carves, saws, shapes, routs, sands. Cuts in any direction In any kind • wood of wood. through knots and Imperfections as easily as clear . Dial fast s peed s forworklng in hard Goes woods, slow speeds for softwoods. Consists of Mota-Tool 381 with built-in fingertip see 5 speed control, 34 accessorles and storage case. other kits available. your favorite Co., w ood carving supply store, hobby, 53406. FW-12 cran or hardware dealer. Dremel Mfg. Division of Emerson Electric Dept. Racine, Wisconsin DREMEL: If you're really serious about w ood carving. 23
Page 1 and 2: i l l 1 1 orking ---------.-.. Clas
Page 3 and 4: Fine WqqQWorki ng Winter 1977, Numb
Page 5: advised to use an animal-based glue
Page 8 and 9: LETTERS (continued) been inadequate
Page 10 and 11: Create a faIllily treasure clock. B
Page 12 and 13: ___ LETTERS (continued) Free Carvin
Page 14 and 15: LETTERS (continued) Richard Showalt
Page 16 and 17: LETTERS (continued) PENDING PATENT
Page 18 and 19: METHODS (continued) 1001 :-.Jorfh A
Page 20 and 21: METHODS (continued) Convert waste a
Page 24 and 25: Exp. Two indis pensable tools only
Page 26 and 27: NO-RISK TRIAL GUARANTEE US. or wrll
Page 28 and 29: -171 general WCDdcraft 15 species o
Page 30 and 31: BRAZILIAN ROSEWOOD SPECIAL 20 sq. f
Page 32 and 33: THE WOODCRAFT SCENE ____ _ Repair a
Page 34 and 35: Designing for Dining Dutch pull-out
Page 36 and 37: I 14 . L F· 50·112 in. -- --=--=.
Page 38 and 39: Tall Chests An appreciation by Lest
Page 40 and 41: style. The major dimensions are mad
Page 42 and 43: .' . ,"', .... .( 2 3 4 5 6 I 7 I
Page 44 and 45: Entry Doors Frame-and-panel constru
Page 46 and 47: Federal law requires manufacturers
Page 48 and 49: The Right Way to Hang a Door by Tag
Page 50 and 51: Full-size sections through drawer s
Page 52 and 53: School Shop Teaching far more than
Page 54 and 55: Health Hazards in Woodworking Simpl
Page 56 and 57: furniture plant that used mansonia
Page 58 and 59: Basic Blacksmithing What a woodwork
Page 60 and 61: lacksmith equipment are better sour
Page 62 and 63: Carving Cornucopia by Ann Pappert a
Page 64 and 65: Carving Lab A basic exercise for be
Page 66 and 67: Routed Edge Joint Fence guides rout
Page 68 and 69: All three Shaker round stands are m
Page 70 and 71: dampen the wood to raise the grain,
Page 72 and 73:
Small Turned Boxes Grain direction
Page 74 and 75:
and securely fastened with two coun
Page 76:
Unhinged Many contemporary furnitur
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