Tales from later Mughals

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the traders. They were attached to the Company from the beginning because of their commercial interest. During the Mughal period, textile and other goods were produced in larger quantities than there was demand in the market. The Company provided a chance to send the surplus goods to foreign countries. As India did not have a strong navy to compete with the European naval powers, they heavily relied on the Company`s ships to carry their merchandise. One disadvantage of this collaboration was that the Indian traders did not get full profit because the company kept a major part of it as its share. The indirect result was that the Indian traders became dependent on European companies. The Indian traders also supported the Company by supplying those goods which it needed to import. This relationship became strong with the passage of time. At the same time, Mughal rulers also encouraged the English companies to come to India for trade and to counter the Portugese who were hated by the ruling classes as well as common people because of their religious extremism and brutal way of handling the local population. The Portuguese controlled the sea routes and even pilgrims were required to pay them for their safety to go to Hajj. The Mughal state, in the absence of any navy, could not fight and reduce their naval power. The alternative was to support the English companies. The Mughal rulers granted them better trade concessions and privileges as compared to other nations. When the Mughal Empire became weak, the English traders, by offering gifts and bribes to government officials, got royal decrees which exempted them from custom duties. The 142
esult was that the other European traders could not compete with the Company. Due to these concessions Indian traders also faced problems. In order to avoid paying custom and other duties the Indians began sending their goods along with the Company`s. A close relationship developedbetween the local traders and the Company and they supported the Company when it was in trouble. The Court of Directors instructed the Company that it was in its interest to employ local people as its agents, especially the Armenians who were well aware of the Indian situation and could supply excellent textile. This made the Armenian traders loyal to the Company. The other group which collaborated with the Company was dadni traders. The Company paid them in advance to supply the required textile; in return they approached the weavers and ordered them to make specific fabrics for the Company. The sahukar or moneylenders of Bengal were very influential people. They not only collected revenue for the state but struck coins for it and gave loan to nobles as well as to the government. They had close relationship with the Company, which acted as their trade partner. Therefore, in the conflict between Sirajud Daula and the Company they sided with the English. The conquest of Bengal changed the character of the Company - from trading company, it became a political power. In this capacity more groups and individuals became attached to it such as translators, local agents, and banyas or businessmen. When the Mughal state collapsed, its officers and administrators such as qazi, mufti, kotwal and revenue collectors joined the service of the 143
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Tales from Later Mughuls 1
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Copyright© 2014 All rights reserve
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From Mulitary Adventurer to Nawab 9
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of them retired to their home towns
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it in getting political ascendancy.
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The Decline of Power Studying the h
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to face the regional armies who wer
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Death of the Institutions There is
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eluctantly surrendered to the regio
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Dynastic Rule The Mughal dynasty, w
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ule. On the question of succession,
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The Salatin The term Salatin was us
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the British Resident that his month
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Story of a Mughals The descendents
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treated well by Nawab Asifud Dowla
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Financial Condition of The Later Mu
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meet the expenses. The Red Fort was
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Manners and Society Manners and soc
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unless asked. For common people the
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The Etiquette of Mughal Court Mugha
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told the emperor that he should not
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Decadence of the Mughal Nobility Th
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had the titles of Amin or A`timad o
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Nobility on the Decline One of the
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As most of the state officials were
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Of Sadists and Savages Eighteen cen
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a while he awoke and rebuked the pr
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which he killed Farrukhsiyar`s fath
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Abdullah Khan, who was on his way t
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of the state reducing the authority
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whenever political candidates attem
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palaces and spent more time in merr
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This culture had a deep impact on t
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Awadh who spent large amounts on we
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Although Sharar glamorised the feud
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situation where their wealth and pr
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Soldiering On It was the common pra
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their dues but also promised some e
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The Looting Soldiers Although the s
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example, when Jaswantrao Hulker, th
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converted to Christianity along wit
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Her career fully reflects the decli
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any state or ruler and organised th
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down their arms; some of them compr
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In 1794, he got an opportunity when
Page 92 and 93: people hid their wealth temporarily
Page 94 and 95: were adopted to force payment. Once
Page 96 and 97: now he wanted a peaceful life. Ther
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Page 100 and 101: Europeans. As their eating and drin
Page 102 and 103: were employed from 1784 to 1903 by
Page 104 and 105: Singh had to sign a contract that a
Page 106 and 107: starve and die in poverty. Taking a
Page 108 and 109: lives in peace. Whatever they got a
Page 110 and 111: person. An English officer Col. Sle
Page 112 and 113: language, as well as the local lang
Page 114 and 115: a Muslim woman with a Christian man
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Page 118 and 119: country to earn a good living. The
Page 120 and 121: the past years. According to him th
Page 122 and 123: his guards. It became customary for
Page 124 and 125: Indianisation of the British As the
Page 126 and 127: available to the rich, one can unde
Page 128 and 129: political power, those who came to
Page 130 and 131: The complete break up between these
Page 132 and 133: French to resolve their internal di
Page 134 and 135: The Custom House When European trad
Page 136 and 137: the Portuguese that they even learn
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Page 140 and 141: affairs of the country was in the S
Page 144: Company, which had by this time bec
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Tales from later Mughals

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