ABCB1 (MDR1) gene polymorphisms are associated with neuropsychiatric <strong>adverse</strong> <strong>effects</strong> of mefloquine neuropsychiatric events independent of mefloquine use cannot be entirely excluded in our study of mefloquine users. Finally, in different ethnic groups other SNPs may be linked with the 1236-2677-3435 haplotypes and frequencies of the different SNPs and haplotypes may differ. It is therefore unknown whether the results from this study can be generalized <strong>to</strong> other ethnic groups. In conclusion, we found that the MDR1 C1236T, G2677T and C3435T SNPs, along with the C1236T-G2677T-C3435T TTT haplotype, were associated with neuropsychiatric <strong>adverse</strong> <strong>effects</strong> <strong>to</strong> mefloquine in women. MDR1 polymorphisms may therefore play an important role in predicting the occurrence of neuropsychiatric <strong>adverse</strong> <strong>effects</strong> of mefloquine, particularly in female subjects. 69
Chapter 3.3 References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. van Riemsdijk MM, van der Klauw MM, Pepplinkhuizen L, et al. Spontaneous reports of psychiatric <strong>adverse</strong> <strong>effects</strong> <strong>to</strong> mefloquine in the Netherlands. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997;44(1):105-6. van Riemsdijk MM, Ditters JM, Sturkenboom MC, et al. Neuropsychiatric events during prophylactic use of mefloquine before travelling. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2002;58(6):441-5. Epub 2002 Jul 27. Barrett PJ, Emmins PD, Clarke PD, et al. Comparison of <strong>adverse</strong> events associated with use of mefloquine and combination of chloroquine and proguanil as antimalarial prophylaxis: postal and telephone survey of travellers. Bmj 1996;313(7056):525-8. van Riemsdijk MM, Sturkenboom MC, Ditters JM, et al. Low body mass index is associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatric <strong>adverse</strong> events and concentration impairment in women on mefloquine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004;57(4):506-12. Schwartz E, Potasman I, Rotenberg M, et al. Serious <strong>adverse</strong> events of mefloquine in relation <strong>to</strong> blood level and gender. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001;65(3):189-92. Schlagenhauf P, Steffen R, Lobel H, et al. Mefloquine <strong>to</strong>lerability during chemoprophylaxis: focus on <strong>adverse</strong> event assessments, stereochemistry and compliance. Trop Med Int Health 1996;1(4):485-94. Hoffmeyer S, Burk O, von Richter O, et al. Functional polymorphisms of the human multi<strong>drug</strong>-resistance gene: multiple sequence variations and correlation of one allele with P-glycoprotein expression and activity in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000;97(7):3473-8. Marzolini C, Paus E, Buclin T, et al. Polymorphisms in human MDR1 (P-glycoprotein): recent advances and clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;75(1):13-33. Riffkin CD, Chung R, Wall DM, et al. Modulation of the function of human MDR1 P-glycoprotein by the antimalarial <strong>drug</strong> mefloquine. Biochem Pharmacol 1996;52(10):1545-52. Morita Y, Sakaeda T, Horinouchi M, et al. MDR1 genotype-related duodenal absorption rate of digoxin in healthy Japanese subjects. Pharm Res 2003;20(4):552-6. Kurata Y, Ieiri I, Kimura M, et al. Role of human MDR1 gene polymorphism in bioavailability and interaction of digoxin, a substrate of P-glycoprotein. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72(2):209-19. Hesselink DA, van Schaik RH, van der Heiden IP, et al. <strong>Genetic</strong> polymorphisms of the CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and MDR-1 genes and pharmacokinetics of the calcineurin inhibi<strong>to</strong>rs cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;74(3):245-54. Wald fdm, Mellenbergh gj. De verkorte versie van de Nederlandse vertaling van de Profile of Mood States (POMS). Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie 1990;45:86-90. Baker EL, Letz R, Fidler A. A computer-administered neurobehavioral evaluation system for occupational and environmental epidemiology. Rationale, methodology, and pilot study results. J Occup Med 1985;27(3):206-12. Letz R. Use of computerized test batteries for quantifying neurobehavioral outcomes. Environ Health Perspect 1991;90:195-8. Green MD, Bergqvist Y, Mount DL, et al. Improved validated assay for the determination of mefloquine and its carboxy metabolite in plasma, serum and whole blood using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chroma<strong>to</strong>graphy. J Chroma<strong>to</strong>gr B Biomed Sci Appl 1999;727(1-2):159-65. Stephens M, Smith NJ, Donnelly P. A new statistical method for haplotype reconstruction from population data. Am J Hum Genet 2001;68(4):978-89. Stephens M, Donnelly P. A comparison of bayesian methods for haplotype reconstruction from population genotype data. Am J Hum Genet 2003;73(5):1162-9. Barrett JC, Fry B, Maller J, et al. Haploview: analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps. Bioinformatics 2005;21(2):263-5. Gerloff T, Schaefer M, Johne A, et al. MDR1 genotypes do not influence the absorption of a single oral dose of 1 mg digoxin in healthy white males. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002;54(6):610-6. Kroetz DL, Pauli-Magnus C, Hodges LM, et al. Sequence diversity and haplotype structure in the human ABCB1 (MDR1, multi<strong>drug</strong> resistance transporter) gene. Pharmacogenetics 2003;13(8):481-94. Baudry S, Pham YT, Baune B, et al. Stereoselective passage of mefloquine through the blood-brain barrier in the 70
Change language