AP Lab 02 - Biology Lab Skills

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Name: ______________________________ AP Biology – Lab 02 Significance of a Large Sample Size When designing research studies, scientists purposely choose large sample sizes. Work through these scenarios to understand why… a) Just an in your experiment, you flipped 2 coins, but you only did it 10 times. You collected these data below. Use Table 16 to calculate the Chi-square value. (It is okay to use decimals for your expected column! e.g. [2.5, 5.0, 2.5] – based on percentages) H/H 1 H/T 8 T/T 1 Table 16: Testing coin flipping results with a sample size of 10 flips. obs exp obs – exp (obs – exp) 2 (obs – exp) 2 2 total Degrees of Freedom exp Would you accept or reject the preciously stated null hypothesis? Explain (completely and correctly) using the Chi-square analysis guide. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b) Now you flipped your coins again, but you did it 100 times. You collected these data below. Use Table 17 to calculate the Chi-square value. H/H 10 H/T 80 T/T 10 Table 17: Testing coin flipping results with a sample size of 100 flips. obs exp obs – exp (obs – exp) 2 (obs – exp) 2 2 total Degrees of Freedom exp Page 30 of 40
Name: ______________________________ AP Biology – Lab 02 Would you accept or reject the null hypothesis? Explain (completely and correctly) using the Chi-square analysis. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ c) Now you flipped your coins again, but you did it 1000 times. You collected these data below. Use Table 18 to calculate the Chi-square value. H/H 100 H/T 800 T/T 100 Table 18: Testing coin flipping results with a sample size of 1000 flips. obs exp obs – exp (obs – exp) 2 (obs – exp) 2 2 total Degrees of Freedom exp Would you accept or reject the null hypothesis? Explain (completely and correctly) using the Chi-square analysis. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ d) Explain why scientists purposely choose large sample sizes when they design research studies using data obtained from each of the above analyses. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Page 31 of 40
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AP Lab 02 - Biology Lab Skills

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