Engineering Manual o.. - HVAC.Amickracing

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MICROPROCESSOR-BASED/DDC FUNDAMENTALSTypical Applications ............................................................................................................ 145Zone-Level Controller .......................................................................... 145Example 1. VAV Cooling Only ......................................................... 145Example 2. VAV Cooling with Sequenced Electric Reheat.............. 145System-Level Controller ...................................................................... 146132 ENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL
MICROPROCESSOR-BASED/DDC FUNDAMENTALSINTRODUCTIONThis section discusses the types of microprocessor-basedcontrollers used in commercial buildings. These controllersmeasure signals from sensors, perform control routines insoftware programs, and take corrective action in the form ofoutput signals to actuators. Since the programs are in digitalform, the controllers perform what is known as direct digitalcontrol (DDC). Microprocessor-based controllers can be usedas stand-alone controllers or they can be used as controllersincorporated into a building management system utilizing apersonal computer (PC) as a host to provide additionalfunctions. A stand-alone controller can take several forms. Thesimplest generally controls only one control loop while largerversions can control from eight to 40 control loops. As thesystems get larger, they generally incorporate moreprogramming features and functions. This section covers thecontroller as a stand-alone unit. Refer to the BuildingManagement System Fundamentals section for additionalinformation on use of the controller in networked and buildingmanagement systems.DEFINITIONSAnalog-to-digital (A/D) converter: The part of a microprocessor-basedcontroller that changes an analog inputsignal to a digital value for use by the microprocessorin executing software programs. Analog input valuestypically come from temperature, pressure, humidity,or other types of sensors or transducers.Application software: Programs that provide functions suchas direct digital control, energy management, lightingcontrol, event initiated operations, and other alarmand monitoring routines.Configurable controller: A controller with a set of selectableprograms with adjustable parameters but without theability to modify the programs.Digital-to-analog (D/A) converter: The part of a microprocessor-basedcontroller that changes digital valuesfrom a software program to analog output signalsfor use in the control system. The analog signals aretypically used to position actuators or actuate transducersand relays.Direct digital control: A control loop in which a digitalcontroller periodically updates a process as a functionof a set of measured control variables and a given setof control algorithms.Microprocessor-based controller: A device consisting of amicroprocessor unit, digital input and output connections,A/D and D/A converters, a power supply, andsoftware to perform direct digital control and energymanagement routines in a HVAC system.Operating software: The main operating system and programsthat schedule and control the execution of all otherprograms in a microprocessor-based controller. Thisincludes routines for input/output (I/O) scanning,A/D and D/A conversion, scheduling of applicationprograms, and access and display of control programvariables.System-level controller: A microprocessor-based controllerthat controls centrally located HVAC equipment suchas variable air volume (VAV) supply units, built-upair handlers, and central chiller and boiler plants. Thesecontrollers typically have a library of control programs,may control more than one mechanical system from asingle controller, and may contain an integral operatingterminal.Zone-level controller: A microprocessor-based controller thatcontrols distributed or unitary HVAC equipment suchas VAV terminal units, fan coil units, and heat pumps.These controllers typically have relatively few connectedI/O devices, standard control sequences, andare dedicated to specific applications.ENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL133
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FOREWORDThe Minneapolis Honeywell R
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Electronic Control Fundamentals ...
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Engineering Information ...........
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SMOKE MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT FUNDAME
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSControl System
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSDeadband: A ran
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSHVAC SYSTEM CHA
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSInfiltration is
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSROTATINGGRANULA
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS-PATHOFIONSAIRF
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSOPENFINALCONTRO
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSBecause the hea
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSON“CLOSE”SW
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSOUTDOOR AIRTEMP
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSPROPORTIONAL-IN
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSVALVESTEAM(CONT
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSIn terms of hea
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSFLAPPERSPRINGSI
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSApplying the fl
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CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSCHARACTERISTICS
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALSPsy
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALSWAT
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALShea
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALS28.
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALS-18
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALSREF
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALSRec
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALSCOO
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALS32
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PSYCHROMETRIC CHART FUNDAMENTALS∞
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSPneum
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSINTRO
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSSYMBO
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSdiaph
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSconst
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSCONDE
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSThe o
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSContr
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSReset
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSActua
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSFigur
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PNEUMATIC CONTROL FUNDAMENTALSHIGH-
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BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FUNDAMEN
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SMOKE MANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTALSCONTRO
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AIR HANDLING SYSTEM CONTROL APPLICA
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05.0AIR HANDLING SYSTEM CONTROL APP
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BUILDING AIRFLOW SYSTEM CONTROL APP
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CHILLER, BOILER, AND DISTRIBUTION S
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INDIVIDUAL ROOM CONTROL APPLICATION
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SMOKE MANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTALSENGINE
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGValve Sel
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGQuick-ope
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGBall valv
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGGLOBE VAL
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZING— Graph
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGThe close
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGb. The pr
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGCASE A: 3
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VALVE SELECTION AND SIZINGSTEAM VAL
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGDamper S
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGINTRODUC
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGBLADEEDG
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGMULTIPLE
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGLINKAGEA
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGtwist on
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGJACKSHAF
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZING100CHARA
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DAMPER SELECTION AND SIZINGA damper
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAGeneral Eng
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAWEIGHT/MASS
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATATable 8. Ce
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAPOWERExisti
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAELECTRICAL
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAELECTRIC MO
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAAIRFLOW DAT
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATAMOISTURE CO
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GENERAL ENGINEERING DATARELATIVE HU
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INDEXINDEXENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUT
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INDEXASHRAE Psychrometric Charts 53
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INDEXFan ControlOn-Off 317Two-Speed
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INDEXFlame SafeguardControl 330Inst
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INDEXOperator interface 167Optimum
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INDEXSeries 60Actuators 103, 106Con
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INDEXValve FlowCharacteristics 376,
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NOTESINDEXENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUT
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INDEXNOTESENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUT
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INDEXNOTESENGINEERING MANUAL OF AUT
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