them until <strong>they</strong> have been taught alesson which <strong>they</strong> and the world willnever forget?" 7The Congress <strong>of</strong> the UnitedStates, including many a grim old isolationist,stood on its collective feetand ro<strong>are</strong>d. <strong>Churchill</strong> told them:ome people may be startled ormomentarily depressed when, likeyour President, I speak <strong>of</strong> a long andhard war. But our peoples would ratherknow the truth, sombre though it be.And afier all, when <strong>we</strong> <strong>are</strong> <strong>do</strong>ing thenoblest work in the world, not only defendingour hearths and homes but thecause <strong>of</strong> free<strong>do</strong>m in other lands, thequestion <strong>of</strong> when deliverance comes fallsinto its proper place in the grand proportions<strong>of</strong> human history. Sure I amthat this day—now—<strong>we</strong> <strong>are</strong> the masters<strong>of</strong> our fate; that the task which hasbeen set us is not above our strength;that its pangs and toils <strong>are</strong> not beyon<strong>do</strong>ur endurance. As long as <strong>we</strong> have faithin our cause and an unconquerablewill-po<strong>we</strong>r, salvation will not be deniedus. In the words <strong>of</strong> the Psalmist, "Heshall not be afraid <strong>of</strong> evil tidings; hisheart is fixed, trusting in the Lord. " 7Can America, Britain and theirallies stay the course? The enemy hastwo hopes, as <strong>Churchill</strong> warned in1944: "The first is that by lengtheningthe struggle he may <strong>we</strong>ar <strong>do</strong>wnour resolution; the second and moreimportant hope is that division willarise." 8 Division has already arisen;but the performance <strong>of</strong> the commonpeople, the leaders <strong>of</strong> major parties,and, remarkably, the civilized world,suggests that today's generation <strong>do</strong>esnot lack the staying po<strong>we</strong>r <strong>of</strong> its predecessors.We will need it.his is the lesson: never give in,JL never give in, never, never, never,Footnotes1. Royal Society <strong>of</strong> St. George, 24 April 19332. House <strong>of</strong> Commons, 12 April 19353. House <strong>of</strong> Commons, 8 December 19444. Unpublished passage from The Gathering Storm,from Martin Gilbert, <strong>Winston</strong> S. <strong>Churchill</strong>,IMMORTAL WORDSnever—in nothing, great or small, largeor petty—never give in except to convictions<strong>of</strong> honour and good sense. Neveryield to force; never yield to the app<strong>are</strong>ntlyoverwhelming might <strong>of</strong> theenemy....Do not let us speak <strong>of</strong> darkerdays; let us rather speak <strong>of</strong> sterner days.These <strong>are</strong> not dark days: these <strong>are</strong> greatdays—the greatest days our country hasever lived—and <strong>we</strong> must all thank Godthat <strong>we</strong> have been allo<strong>we</strong>d, each <strong>of</strong> us accordingto our stations, to play a part inmaking these days memorable in the history<strong>of</strong> our race." 9Never give in—and never misunderstand.This was not the work <strong>of</strong>ragtag guerrillas, materializing brieflyto strike and melt away. This was thework <strong>of</strong> educated, methodical barbarianswho made a c<strong>are</strong>ful appraisal <strong>of</strong>the likely reaction. "We must at leastentertain the possibility," wrote PaulRahe, "that those who planned thisoperation planned its consequences,that <strong>they</strong> thought also, with equal intelligenceand understanding, concerningour likely reaction to thehavoc that <strong>they</strong> intended to wreak.We must ponder whether <strong>they</strong> mighthave understood just how much damage<strong>we</strong> would <strong>do</strong> to ourselves economicallyin the aftermath, just howcautious and fearful that <strong>we</strong> wouldbecome, just how inclined manyAmericans would be to wring theirhands and blame their country forwhat the terrorists had <strong>do</strong>ne." If <strong>they</strong>have so judged us, <strong>they</strong> <strong>are</strong> unwise.ly people—and there <strong>we</strong>remany, not only in enemy countries—mightdiscount the force <strong>of</strong> theUnited States. Some said <strong>they</strong> <strong>we</strong>re s<strong>of</strong>t,others that <strong>they</strong> would never be united.They would fool around at a distance.They would never come to grips. Theywould never stand blood-letting. TheirCompanion Volume V, Part 3 "The Coming<strong>of</strong> War" 1623, brought to our attentionby Gregory Smith.5. The Gathering Storm, 272 (English edition),348 (American edition)6. Civil Defence Services, Hyde Park, 14 July 1941democracy and system <strong>of</strong> recurrent electionswould paralyze their war effort.They would be just a vague blur on thehorizon to friend or foe. Now <strong>we</strong> shouldsee the <strong>we</strong>akness <strong>of</strong> this numerous butremote, <strong>we</strong>althy, and talkative people.But I had studied the American CivilWar, fought out to the last desperateinch. American blood flo<strong>we</strong>d in myveins. I thought <strong>of</strong> a remark which EdwardGrey had made to me more thanthirty years before—that the UnitedStates is like a gigantic boiler. Once thefire is lighted under it there is no limitto the po<strong>we</strong>r it can generate.'"'"With t<strong>we</strong>nty years' battle experience,from frontier skirmishes nearAfghanistan to the Great War's WesternFront, <strong>Churchill</strong> knew how difficultwar can be. It never fazed him.His courage calls to us across the yearsfrom that bleak May <strong>of</strong> 1940:a* I i 'oday is Trinity Sunday. Cen-JL turies ago words <strong>we</strong>re written tobe a call and a spur to the faithful servants<strong>of</strong> Truth and Justice: Arm yourselves,and be ye men <strong>of</strong> valour, and bein readiness for the conflict; for it is betterfor us to perish in battle than to lookupon the outrage <strong>of</strong> our nation and ouraltar. As the Will <strong>of</strong> God is in Heaven,even so let it be.'""From Rudy Giuliani in his baseballcap to a President quoting theman whose bust a<strong>do</strong>rns his <strong>of</strong>fice, <strong>we</strong>have just been reminded <strong>of</strong> how vital<strong>Churchill</strong> remains to free peoples:how appropriate his words, how contagioushis resolve, how necessary hisoptimism. We have only to follow hisprecepts. Then truly it may be saidthat if the Great Democracies last fora thousand years, <strong>we</strong> shall still look to<strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong> as the essence anddistillation <strong>of</strong> liberty. $7. United States Congress, 26 December 19418. House <strong>of</strong> Commons, 27 October 19449. Harrow School, 29 October 194110. The Grand Alliance, 540 (English edition),607 (American edition)11. Broadcast, Lon<strong>do</strong>n, 19 May 1940FINEST HOUR 112/10
DATELINES"<strong>Churchill</strong> in a Yankees Cap"NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 14TH— This, NewYorkers have been saying almost sincethe first nightm<strong>are</strong> fireball appe<strong>are</strong>d ontheir television screens, has been RudyGiuliani's finest hour.The wartime analogy feels apt. Themayor has <strong>of</strong>fered a grittier, Flatbushflavoredversion <strong>of</strong> Franklin Roosevelt'sfireside chats. He's been operationsmanager and pastor, diversity-trainingcounselor and dauntless cheerleader, anormally contentious figure suddenlyturned symbol <strong>of</strong> the city's unity. He'sbeen <strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong> in a Yankeescap. "I want the people <strong>of</strong> New York tobe an example to the rest <strong>of</strong> the countryand the rest <strong>of</strong> the world that terrorismcan't stop us," he said on the first day,having scrambled out <strong>of</strong> a <strong>do</strong>wntownbuilding where he himself was trappedfor several minutes after the first <strong>of</strong> theTwin To<strong>we</strong>rs dissolved.The mayor is everywhere, all thetime, it seems—visiting Ground Zeroin a white mask and hard hat; at hospitals;phoning radio stations; giving pressbriefings from an "undisclosed location."He <strong>of</strong>ten wore an FDNY cap andan EMS windbreaker, tributes to thefirefighters, who've taken catastrophiclosses, and emergency medical workers.He knew without a teleprompterhow many truckloads <strong>of</strong> debris <strong>we</strong>re removedfrom the attack site, confirmedthe number <strong>of</strong> body bags ordered, announcedhow many remained missing.He told people where to find sheltersand where to <strong>do</strong>nate blood; he passe<strong>do</strong>ut photos <strong>of</strong> an airliner flight recorderbox so anyone who found one wouldrecognize it ("except it'll be obviouslycovered with soot and dirt").—via Chris Dunford from The WashingtonPost. The cartoon is from a the San AntonioExpress News, via Carol Ferguson."We Stand By You":A Letter HomeE-mail from an <strong>of</strong>ficer aboard USS<strong>Winston</strong> S. <strong>Churchill</strong>. Approved for releaseby U.S. Navy, sent by Dean ChrisSterling, George Washington University.Dear Dad,Well, <strong>we</strong> <strong>are</strong> still out at sea, with littledirection as to what our next priorityis. The remainder <strong>of</strong> our port visits,which <strong>we</strong>re to be centered around maxliberty and goodwill to the UK, have allbut been canceled. We have spent everyday since the attacks going back andforth within imaginary boxes drawn inthe ocean, standing high-securitywatches, and trying to make the best <strong>of</strong>our time. It hasn't been that fun I mustconfess, and to be even more honest, alot <strong>of</strong> people <strong>are</strong> frustrated either that<strong>they</strong> can't be home or that <strong>we</strong> <strong>do</strong>n't havemore to <strong>do</strong> right now.We have seen the articles and thephotographs, and <strong>they</strong> <strong>are</strong> sickening.Being isolated as <strong>we</strong> <strong>are</strong>, I <strong>do</strong>n't <strong>think</strong><strong>we</strong> appreciate the full scope <strong>of</strong> what ishappening back home, but <strong>we</strong> <strong>are</strong> feelingthe effects.About two hours ago the junior <strong>of</strong>ficers<strong>we</strong>re called to the bridge to conductshiphandling drills. We <strong>we</strong>re aboutto <strong>do</strong> a man overboard when <strong>we</strong> got acall from the Lutjens (D185), a Germanwarship that was moored ahead <strong>of</strong> uson the pier in Plymouth, England.While in port, the <strong>Winston</strong> S. <strong>Churchill</strong>and Lutjens got together for a sportsday/cookout on our fantail, and <strong>we</strong>made some pretty good friends.Now at sea, <strong>they</strong> called over onbridge-to-bridge, requesting to pass usclose up on our port side to say goodbye.We prep<strong>are</strong>d to render them honorson the bridgewing, and the Captaintold the crew to come topside to wishthem f<strong>are</strong><strong>we</strong>ll.As <strong>they</strong> <strong>we</strong>re making their approach,our Conning Officer announcedthrough her binoculars that<strong>they</strong> <strong>we</strong>re flying an American flag. As<strong>they</strong> came closer, <strong>we</strong> saw that it was flyingat half-mast. The bridgewing wascrowded with people as the boatswain'smate blew two whistles—Attention toFINEST HOUR 112/11Port. As Lutjens came alongside <strong>we</strong> sawthat the entire crew <strong>of</strong> the German ship<strong>we</strong>re manning the rails in their dressblues. They had made up a sign thatread, "We Stand by You."Needless to say there was not a dryeye on the bridge as <strong>they</strong> stayed alongsideus for a few minutes and <strong>we</strong> cutour salutes. It was probably the mostpo<strong>we</strong>rful thing I have seen in my entirelife and more than a few <strong>of</strong> us fought toretain our composure.The German Navy did an incrediblething for this crew. It's amazing to<strong>think</strong> that only sixty years ago things<strong>we</strong>re quite different. It has truly beenthe highest point in the days since theattacks.To see the unity that is beingdemonstrated throughout Europe andthe world makes us all feel proud to beout here <strong>do</strong>ing our job. We <strong>are</strong> nolonger at liberty to divulge our locationover unsecure e-mail, but <strong>we</strong> could nothave asked for a finer day at sea.After the Lutjens pulled away and<strong>we</strong> prep<strong>are</strong>d to begin our man overboarddrills the Officer <strong>of</strong> the Deckturned to me and said, "I'm stayingNavy." I'll write you when I know moreabout when I'll be home, but for now,this is probably the best news that Icould send you. Love you guys. »>