Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the Penn Treebank ... - IMS
Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the Penn Treebank ... - IMS
Part-of-Speech Tagging Guidelines for the Penn Treebank ... - IMS
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4PROBLEMATICCASES EXAMPLES:GM'sclosing/NN<strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong>plant (cf.GM'srepeated/*repeatedlyclosing<strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong>plant; 20<br />
GM'sclosing/VBG<strong>the</strong>plant (cf.GM's*repeated/repeatedlyclosing<strong>the</strong>plant; *GM'sclosings<strong>the</strong>plant) GM'sclosings<strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong>plant)<br />
combinationcaninturnprecedeanoun. Whenan-ing<strong>for</strong>misprecededbyanounorasequence<strong>of</strong>nouns,itisitselfanoun.Theresulting EXAMPLES:<strong>the</strong>plant/NNclosing/NN<br />
(VBG).EXAMPLES:<strong>the</strong>declining/VBGproductivity<strong>of</strong>U.S.industry IfacollocationX-ingNisequivalent(orsimilar)inmeaningtoNX-es,<strong>the</strong>n<strong>the</strong>wordisagerund unsavoryplant/NNclosing/NNtactics/NNS<br />
<strong>the</strong>acting/VBGvicepresident (cf.Theproductivity<strong>of</strong>U.S.industryisdeclining)<br />
(NN).Insuchcases,<strong>the</strong>collocationcan<strong>of</strong>tenbeparaphrasedinterms<strong>of</strong>aninnitiveoramore IfacollocationX-ingNisnotequivalent(orsimilar)inmeaningtoNX-es,<strong>the</strong>n<strong>the</strong>wordisanoun (cf.apersonwhoisactingasvicepresident)<br />
clearlynominalconstruction. EXAMPLES:spending/NNreductions <strong>the</strong>mating/NNseason (<strong>the</strong>season<strong>for</strong>mating,not:<strong>the</strong>seasonthatismating) (reductionsinspending,not:reductionsthatarespending)<br />
aholding/NNpattern<br />
Forinstance,sinceanchoringdevicescouldbeanalyzedasei<strong>the</strong>rdevicesthatanchor(gerund)oras Finally,inmanycases<strong>the</strong>reisnothingtodobuttouse<strong>the</strong>verticalslashconvention(seeSection5.2). (apattern<strong>of</strong>holding,not:apatternthatisholding)<br />
NNSorNN|seeNNorNNS devices<strong>for</strong>anchoring(noun),itshouldbetaggedanchoring/NNjVBG.<br />
NPorJJ|seeJJorNP<br />
NPSorNP|seeNNorNNS NPorNPS|seeNNorNNS<br />
PDTorDT|seeDTorPDT
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