Prevalence <strong>of</strong> disease conditions in slaughtered cattle 11recorded for jaundice and splenomegaly maymean that splenomegaly in the animals may bedue to exposure to aetiological agents <strong>of</strong>jaundice in Nigeria. One <strong>of</strong> such diseaseconditions was tuberculosis with prevalence rate<strong>of</strong> 44%. Konopka (1995) also implicatedtuberculosis in the condemnation <strong>of</strong> carcasses.CONCLUSIONThis work has shown that parasites <strong>of</strong> zoonoticimportance as well as other disease conditionsresponsible for condemnation <strong>of</strong> carcasses and<strong>org</strong>ans are prevalent at in cattle slaughtered atNsukka urban abattoir. Although the prevalencerates <strong>of</strong> these parasites and disease conditionswere moderately low, the public health andeconomic implications should not be overlooked.It is alarming that unlike in other areas,diseased animal carcasses were not condemned.This situation calls for serious attention <strong>of</strong> boththe veterinary workers and the public healthplanners in the state. The prevalence <strong>of</strong> variousdisease conditions in this abattoir also calls forfurther studies to determine the remote causes<strong>of</strong> the disease conditions and to find ways <strong>of</strong>eliminating them <strong>from</strong> the cattle slaughtered forhuman consumption.REFERENCESALEKSIC, N and MILORADOVIC, U (1994).Cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered at thePozarevac meat factory in Pozarevac,Serbia. Veterinarski Glasnik, 48 (9):751-756ANDREWS, A. H., BLOWEY, R. W., BOYD, H andEDDY, R. G. (1992). Bovine MedicineDiseases and Husbandry <strong>of</strong> cattle.Blackwell Scientific Publications, Londonpp. 60 - 240BELINO, E. E. (1975). Some Observations onTaenia saginata Cysticercosis inslaughter cattle in Nigeria. InternationalJournal <strong>of</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong>nosis, 2(2): 92-99.DOWNS, A.M. (1990). Surveillance <strong>of</strong> AIDS inthe European community: recent trendsand predictions to 1991. Aids, 4: 1117– 1124.EGBE-NWIYI, J. N. and CHAUDRAI, S. U. R.(1996). Observation on prevalence,haematological and pathologicalchanges in cattle, sheep and goatsnaturally infected with Fasciola giganticain arid zone <strong>of</strong> Borno State Nigeria.Pakistan Veterinary Journal: 16 (4), 172– 175.GALLIE, G. J. and SEWELL, M. M. H. (1983).Duration <strong>of</strong> Immunity and absorption <strong>of</strong>Cysticerci in calves after treatment <strong>of</strong>Taneia saginata cysticercosis withpraziquantel. Research in VeterinaryScience, 34: 127 – 130.GRABER, M. and QUTAMIE, O. (1964).Existence an Afrique equatoriale d’unimportant foyer de dicrocoeliose bovineet ovine a Dicrocoelium hospes. Revued’élevage et de Medecine Veterinairesdes pays Tropicaux, 17(3): 523 – 533.GRETILLAT, S. (1961). Note preliminaire surl’epidemiologie de la distomatose bovineau Senegal. Revue d’é levage et deMedecine Veterinaires des paysTropicaux, 14(3): 283 – 291.IKEME, M.M. and OBIOHA, F. (1973). Fasciolagigantica infestations in trade cattle ineastern Nigeria. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> EpizooticDisease in Africa, 21(3): 259 - 264.KAMPARAGE, M., KIMERA, S. I., KAZWALA, R.R. and MAFWERE, B. M. (1995). Diseaseconditions responsible for condemnation<strong>of</strong> carcasses and <strong>org</strong>ans in short-hornZebu cattle slaughtered in Tanzania.Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 22(4):249 – 255.KONOPKA, B. (1995). Veterinary inspection <strong>of</strong>slaughter animals in Kielce district(Poland) in 1989-1993. McdycybnaWeterynaryina, 51(8): 487 - 491.LOFTI, A., YOUSSETF, H., NASSAR, A and ABDEK AZIZ., N (1995). Fascioliasis inslaughtered animal: The incidence andpublic health importance.Fleischwirtschaft, 75(6 ): 803 – 894.OKAFOR, F. C. (1988). Epizootiology <strong>of</strong>Cysticercus bovis in Imo State, Nigeria.Angew. Parasitology, 29: 25 – 30.ONAH, D. N. and CHIEJINA, S. N. (1986).Taenia saginata Cysticercosis inslaughter cattle in <strong>Anambra</strong> State,Nigeria. International Journal <strong>of</strong><strong>Zoo</strong>nosis, 13: 32 – 39.SCHILLHORN VAN VEEN, T. W., FOLARANMI, D.O. B., USMAN, S., and ISHAYA, T.(1980). Incidence <strong>of</strong> Liver flukeinfections (Fasciola gigantica andDicrocoelium hospes) in ruminants innorthern Nigeria. Tropical Animal Healthand Production, 12: 97 – 104.UKOLI, F. M. A. (1984). Introduction toParasitology in Tropical Africa. JohnWiley and Sons Ltd, New York pp. 163.
Animal Research International (2004) 1(1): 12 – 15 12HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN A WEST AFRICAN SAHELRESERVOIR1 IDOWU, Rachel Toyisi., 2 INYANG, Nicholas Matthiasand 3 EZENWAJI, Henry Maduka Godfery1 Department <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences, University <strong>of</strong> Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria2&3 Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong>logy, Fisheries and Hydrobiology Research Unit,University <strong>of</strong> Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.Corresponding author: IDOWU, Rachel Toyisi, Department <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences, University<strong>of</strong> Maiduguri, Borno State, NigeriaABSTRACTHeavy metal concentrations were investigated over a period <strong>of</strong> 12 months in fivestations in Alau reservoir, Maiduguri, in the North – east sahel zone <strong>of</strong> Nigeria. Themean concentrations <strong>of</strong> zinc, copper, lead, iron and manganese were 0.17 + 0.02mg/l (range 0.14+ 0.03 - 0.19+ 0.02 mg/l), 0.56 + 0.06 mg/l (range 0.52+ 0.01 -0.64+ 0.01 mg/l), 0.56 + 0.02 mg/l (range 0.54+ 0.03 - 0.58+ 0.06 mg/l), 0.09 +0.02 mg/l (range 0.07+ - 0.12+ 0.01 mg/l) and 0.19 + 0. 27 mg/l (range 0.04+ 0.01- 0.66+ 0.01 mg/l) respectively. Except for lead, mean concentrations variedsignificantly between stations (P
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