Urine samples

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(1) Describe the physical appearanceof the specimen:• Report : Volume, Color, odor, sediment formation.Whether it is clear or cloudy.• Normal freshly passed urine is clear, pale yellow toyellow.• Other changes in urine color can be caused by theingestion of certain foods, herbs and drugs especiallyvitamins.
Appearance of urine in some diseases:AppearanceCloudy, with unpleasant smell(containing pus cells).Red and cloudy (containing RBCs)Brown & cloudy (containing Hb).Possible cause(s)Bacterial UTI.-Urinary Bilharziasis.-Bacterial UTI.-Renal tumors-Intravascular hemolysis.Yellow brown or green brown(containing bilirubin).Yellow orange (containing urobilin)Milky white (containing chyle).-Acute viral hepatitis.-Obstructive jaundice-Hemolysis.-Hepatocellular jaundice-Filariasis.
Page 1 and 2: BYNoha Mostafa
Page 3 and 4: Resident Microflora of the Urethra
Page 5 and 6: • Acute urethral syndrome:Dysuria
Page 7: 2) Uncomplicated and Complicated UT
Page 11 and 12: UTIs are more frequent in women tha
Page 13 and 14: predisposing factor for UTI1- Compr
Page 15 and 16: A- Clean catch Midstreamtechnique:
Page 17 and 18: 6-The mid stream portion of the uri
Page 19 and 20: B. Catheter Collection:• Collecti
Page 21 and 22: • Catheterization for the purpose
Page 23 and 24: 2- Suprapubic aspiration:• Reserv
Page 25 and 26: D. If renal T.B. is suspected• Co
Page 27 and 28: • If delay in delivery is inevita
Page 29 and 30: Rejection criteria1- No evidence of
Page 34 and 35: (2) Examine the specimenmicroscopic
Page 36 and 37: Sterile pyuria:- Renal T.B.- Renal
Page 38 and 39: • Haematuria may be found in:•
Page 40 and 41: 4-Yeast cells:• Differentiated fr
Page 42 and 43: 1-Renal tubular epithelial cells:Ne
Page 44 and 45: 3- Squamous epithelial cells: Their
Page 46 and 47: Crystals in acidic urine• Uric ac
Page 48 and 49: • Casts are collections of protei
Page 50 and 51: 8-Others• Parasites:Trichomonas v
Page 52 and 53: ** Wet preparation of fresh Centrif
Page 54 and 55: (4) Culture of the specimen:• It
Page 56 and 57: Inoculating urine with a calibrated
Page 58 and 59: for inserting calibrated loopinto t
Page 60 and 61: • Without flaming, the loop strea
Page 62 and 63: Day 2 & onwards
Page 64 and 65: 2- Estimation of bacterial number &
Page 66 and 67: N.B.• Colony count 10² C.F.U./ m
Page 68 and 69: Screening methods• As many as 60-
Page 70 and 71: Gram stain• is the easiest, least
Page 72 and 73: Leukocyte Esterase Test• Mechanis
Page 75: Thank You

Urine samples

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