The Applications of Chemical Analyses of Sediments and Soils in ...

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Transportation of natural and man-made potential pollutants occurs in gas, liquidand suspended particulate phases. Various mechanisms exist in nature to help preventbuild-up to toxic concentration, such as by attenuation, oxidation, reduction, chelationor conversion to insoluble forms.Chemical and biological exchange inter-relationships exist between air and watermasses and terrestial and aquatic systems. Sediments,soils and large air and watermasses can be regarded as sinks permitting slow release to the environment.Natural "sinks" occur in large water masses, sediments, aquatic flora and faunaand terrestial animals, vegetation and soil, from which there is slow release back to theenvironment Pollutants introduced by man can also be diverted to man-made sinks,such as sewage sludge, inert solid wastes and mine tailings and industrial effluentsettling ponds.Care must be taken that materials immobilized in sediment sinks are notmobilized into water or air through disturbances such as by dredging, tailing damrupture, blowing dust or incineration. Particulates suspended in water or air providemajor transportation routes for pollutants.WASTE WATER DETOXIFICATIONThe detoxification of municipal waste water can be cited as an example of "sink"5
POLLUTANT SINKS6
Page 1 and 2: THE APPLICATIONS OF CHEMICALANALYSE
Page 3: THE APPLICATIONS OF CHEMICAL ANALYS
Page 6 and 7: Sediments and soils play important
Page 8 and 9: An understanding of physical, chemi
Page 12 and 13: operation. Wastewater is a major so
Page 14 and 15: Chaney et al (1972) studied iron up
Page 16 and 17: near a large zinc smelter in Japan
Page 18 and 19: Lead in soil is relatively unavaila
Page 20 and 21: Of interest is the form of chromium
Page 22 and 23: appreciably available. In acid soil
Page 24 and 25: A correlation was found between tot
Page 26 and 27: could cause uni-directional migrati
Page 28 and 29: mobile through chelation with humic
Page 30 and 31: The surface 5 cm of sediment from M
Page 32 and 33: Organic matter content of soils has
Page 34 and 35: Pyritic sulphur content, measured a
Page 36 and 37: Organic carbon can be measured by c
Page 38 and 39: previously disposed of in open wate
Page 40 and 41: eference samples are included in ea
Page 42 and 43: investigated based on HNO 3 HClO 4
Page 44 and 45: Ignition loss at 350-400°C has bee
Page 46 and 47: Ministry of the Environment and nut
Page 48 and 49: (total N and P, and Loss on Ignitio
Page 50 and 51: IDENTIFICATIONSAttempts are made to
Page 53 and 54: REFERENCESALLAN, R. J., 1974. Metal
Page 55 and 56: Air and Waste Chemistry. Amer. Chem
Page 57 and 58: GORHAM, E., and SWAINS, D. J., 1965
Page 59 and 60: JOHN, M. K., 1972. Cadmium Adsorpti
Page 61 and 62:
Harvest, Location and Level of N an
Page 63 and 64:
Sudbury Lake. Ontario Ministry of t
Page 65 and 66:
UNDERWOOD, E. J., 1971. Trace Eleme
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