Police Organisations in Pakistan - Commonwealth Human Rights ...

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the federal government, such as the ones punishable under the High Treason(Punishment) Act of 1973, will be investigated by the FIA which was establishedin 1975.The Civil Armed Forces, including the Pakistan Rangers, the Frontier Corps,the Frontier Constabulary, the Northern Areas Scouts (also known as the Gilgit-Baltistan Scouts) and the Pakistan Coast Guards, are field organisations of thefederal Ministry of Interior. These agencies are broadly tasked with: a) securingand checking illegal border crossings; b) preventing smuggling; c) enforcingdrug control; and d) assisting provincial governments in maintaining law andorder when requested. The leadership cadres of these agencies come from theArmed Forces.1.3 Provincial Police OrganisationsFor reasons elucidated at the beginning of this chapter, traditional policing isthe responsibility of the provinces. The following are the police entities thatcan be found at the sub-national level:Punjab Police, Punjab provinceSindh Police, Sindh provinceKhyber Pakhtunkhwa Police, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinceBalochistan Police, Balochistan provinceThe provincial police organisations across the country have characteristics andstructures similar to each other for a few reasons. First, they are all tasked withmaintaining order and preventing/detecting crime. Second, major substantiveand procedural criminal laws (i.e. the Pakistan Penal Code, the Code of CriminalProcedure, and the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order) are uniformly applicable to mostparts of the country. 12 Third, the Police Service of Pakistan (PSP), which providesthe bulk of senior officers to the provincial police departments, is recruited,trained and managed by the federal government. This ensures that policeleadership throughout Pakistan emerge from the same training and recruitmentbackground.10
1.4 Criminal LawAlthough central legislation takes precedence over provincial legislation as perArticle 143 of the Constitution, the criminal law (including substantive criminallaw, criminal procedure, and law of evidence) are within the common jurisdictionof Parliament and the provincial legislatures. 13 Substantive criminal law iscontained in the Pakistan Penal Code of 1860 (PPC) as well as special lawssuch as the Hudood Ordinances, 14 the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997, and the Controlof Narcotic Substances Act, 1997. 15 The criminal procedure can be found inthe Code of Criminal Procedure of 1898 (CrPC), while the principles andprocedures of evidence are contained in the Qanun-e-Shahadat, 1984 (formerlythe Evidence Act, 1872). 161.5 Criminal ProcedureThe procedure given in the CrPC is followed in every ordinary criminal case,beginning with its registration, investigation and the trial in a criminal court.However, special procedures may be adopted where special courts have beenestablished to deal with certain offences (such as with offences punishable underthe Anti-Terrorism Act of 1997). In a typical criminal case, the process of criminaljustice has the following main steps:1) The registration of the First Information Report (FIR) as per Section154 of the CrPC. The FIR is a written document prepared by the policewhen they receive information, either in writing or otherwise, about thecommission of a cognisable offence. 172) The police officer shall proceed to the scene of the crime, whererequired, and investigate the facts of the case. Police investigation mayinclude any or all of the following acts:examination of the scene of crime or of any other relevantmaterial including documentary evidence;examination of witnesses and suspects;recording of statements;conducting searches;seizing property;11
Page 1 and 2: HRCP/CHRI 2010POLICE ORGANISATIONSI
Page 4 and 5: ContentsAcknowledgements ..........
Page 6 and 7: AcknowledgementsHRCP and CHRI would
Page 8 and 9: 1Introduction1.1 Federation of Paki
Page 12 and 13: collecting fingerprints, footprints
Page 14 and 15: Each province and the Islamabad Cap
Page 16 and 17: Administration of Justice in Pakist
Page 18 and 19: 2Provincial Policing in Pakistan2.1
Page 20 and 21: under him. These subordinate office
Page 22 and 23: Districts are grouped together to f
Page 24 and 25: 242.3 Field Establishment
Page 27 and 28: Criminal Investigation Department a
Page 29 and 30: k) ensure that the information abou
Page 31 and 32: Unfortunately, the notification and
Page 33 and 34: Recruitment and Training3The provin
Page 35 and 36: 3.1.4 TrainingAll provinces have po
Page 37 and 38: 3.2 Senior RanksInspector General o
Page 39 and 40: Dealing with Special Crimes, like t
Page 41 and 42: Federal Policing in Pakistan4It is
Page 43 and 44: Reservation and Allocation of Seats
Page 45 and 46: 4. Northern Areas Scouts This feder
Page 47 and 48: The collective strength of the vari
Page 49 and 50: the Gilgit-Baltistan (Empowerment a
Page 51 and 52: 4.3.9 Federal Investigation AgencyS
Page 53 and 54: identify and arrest most-wanted ter
Page 55 and 56: undertake initial investigations in
Page 57 and 58: advise the government on the perfor
Page 59 and 60: (SOP) about women’s protection is
Page 61 and 62:
are in the process of being raised,
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5.2.3 PunjabIn September 2008, the
Page 65 and 66:
11Entry 1 of the Federal Legislativ
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The schedule lists the laws that ma
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85Punjab Police website, Sanctioned
Page 71 and 72:
122Islamabad Capital Territory Poli
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paper/local/karachi+fingerprints+co
Page 75 and 76:
The Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung für
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