Iowa Section of AADR - The University of Iowa College of Dentistry

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Iowa Section of the 

American Association for 

Dental Research (AADR) 

59th Annual Meeting

Our Keynote Speaker: 

Isabel Garcia, D.D.S., M.P.H. 

Deputy Director 

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research 

Dr. Isabel Garcia is the Deputy Director of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. 

NIDCR is the federal government’s largest funder of research and research training focusing on oral, 

dental and craniofacial diseases and disorders. As deputy director, Dr. Garcia shares the responsibility 

with the director to lead and manage of all NIDCR’s programs and activities. Dr. Garcia is a career-officer 

with the U.S. Public Health Service and holds the rank of Rear Admiral - Lower Half. She has been 

NIDCR’s Deputy Director since January 2007. 

Dr. Garcia received her Bachelor degree in Science from the University 

of Mary Washington, a Doctor in Dental Surgery from the Medical College 

of Virginia, and a Master in Public Health from the University of Michigan 

where she also completed a Residency in Dental Public Health. Her experience 

spans over 30 years of work in dental public health, research and 

administration at the local, state and national levels. Since joining NIDCR 

in 1995 Dr. Garcia has held several positions within the Institute. In addition 

to serving as acting institute director from August 2010-2011, Dr. Garcia 

has led NIDCR’s science transfer efforts, directed the Institute’s science 

planning, health policy, legislative, and evaluation programs and led the 

development of NIDCR’s last two strategic plans. Prior to her career in the 

Public Health Service Dr. Garcia worked in the private sector as a clinician 

and later held health management positions in Virginia and Ohio. 

Dr. Garcia is a Diplomate of the American Board of Dental Public Health. She has served as an officer 

in the American Association of Public Health Dentistry’s Executive Council, the Oral Health Section of 

the American Public Health Association and the American Board of Dental Public Health. In addition 

to her duties as Deputy, Dr. Garcia directs NIDCR’s Residency Program in Dental Public Health and 

serves as her Institutes’ coordinator for International Health. In addition to numerous honors and 

awards Dr. Garcia has been recognized for her role in a Presidential and Secretarial health diplomacy 

mission which provided health care to people in 12 countries in Latin America. 

Dental research images for the cover were provided 

by Jessica Grabouski, Jaxon Hoopes, David Thuet, 

Na Wei, and Min Zhu. 

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Table of Contents 

Letter from Dean David Johnsen ........................................................................................................ 2 

Letter from Associate Dean for Research Clark Stanford ................................................................. 3 

Letter from Officers of the Iowa Chapter of the AADR .................................................................... 4 

Program ................................................................................................................................................ 5 

Presentation Assignments.................................................................................................................... 6 

Abstracts ............................................................................................................................................... 9 

Author-Abstract Index ....................................................................................................................... 32 

Iowa Section of AADR — Past Presidents ......................................................................................... 33 

Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................. 34 

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Dear Colleagues: 

Thank you for your participation in the University of Iowa College of Dentistry’s Local Research 

Day on February 14, 2012. Research is central to our mission. Research is important in itself 

and for the culture of inquiry that it supports. This day is one of the highlights of our life as an 

academic community. The event’s planning committee and research presenters are to be heartily 

commended for their hard work. 

We are honored to host Dr. Isabel Garcia, Deputy Director of NIDCR, as our keynote speaker. 

Dr. Garcia has worked tirelessly and effectively, not only to lead NIDCR as Acting Director, but to 

raise the visibility of dental research at the NIH. This critical visibility for dental research at the 

NIH was enhanced through her work on the NIH Roadmap and in assisting Dr. Larry Tabak in 

his post as Interim Deputy Director of the larger NIH. 

Since our last Research Day, half of our fourth floor research space has been renovated and occupied. 

This state-of-the-art transformation was possible with the support of the Roy J. Carver 

Charitable Trust. The Carver Charitable Trust will be represented by Troy Ross, Ph.D. and 

Lynne Sasmazer, Ph.D. 

Local Research Day shows the people and the spirit of discovery that have always made possible 

outstanding education, service, research, and patient care within our College. 

Local Research Day and this research abstract book offer many opportunities to learn about fascinating 

research within our College. Thank you for being a part of this important event. 

Best wishes, 

David C. Johnsen, D.D.S., M.S. 

Dean 

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Dental Research participants and Iowa Section of the AADR 

I would like to join in welcoming everyone to the Iowa section of the AADR annual research day. 

It brings special meaning this year. This year we have a special guest, Dr. Isabel Garcia DDS, 

MPH who was recently the acting director of NIDCR. Dr. Garcia brings insights and perspectives 

which are truly inspirational. 

This is a day that celebrates the range of research interests across the College and shows the 

multiple links that we have with the entire campus at the University of Iowa. The research presented 

is by undergraduates, dental students, resident, graduate students and faculty. The work 

spans the areas of basic, translational, clinical and health services research all within one forum. 

This is an unusual event. 

Of value during this day is the chance to discuss, critique and learn from each other. This is a 

critical event in the life of the College and I hope you enjoy the day! 

Warmest Regards, 

Clark M. Stanford DDS, Ph.D. 

Associate Dean for Research 

Centennial Fund Professor 

College of Dentistry 

University of Iowa 

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Dear Colleagues, 

On behalf of the Iowa Section of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), we are 

very pleased to welcome you to the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry Research Day. We 

would like to thank everyone, including the presenters and participants, for your cooperation 

and support in making this event successful. 

This year we are honored to have Dr. Isabel Garcia from the National Institute of Dental and 

Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) as the keynote speaker. Dr. Garcia is the Deputy Director of 

NIDCR and is responsible for leading and managing all of NIDCR’s programs and activities. 

The quality, diversity, and breadth of research at the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry is 

extraordinary. This “Local AADR Research Day” allows all of us the opportunity to share and 

learn about the research endeavors conducted at the College of Dentistry. 

Todays activities demonstrate the research accomplishments of dental students, graduate students, 

post-graduate students, faculty and staff through posters, table clinics and oral presentations. 

We are excited about the active participation in this research day. 

Lastly, we would like to extend a special thank you to all of our sponsors as well as all of you who 

have contributed to make this day possible. 

THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT AND PARTICIPATION! 

Sincerely, 

Justine Kolker, DDS, MS, PhD Sherry Timmons, DDS, PhD 

Associate Professor, Assistant Professor 

Department of Operative Dentistry Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology 

and Medicine Vice-President, Iowa Section of AADR 

President, Iowa Section of AADR 

Sharon Seydel 

Department Administrative Manager 

Dows Institute of Research 

Secretary/Treasurer Iowa Section of AADR 

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Program 

Iowa Section of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR) 

59th Annual Meeting, Tuesday February 14th, 2012 

8:00 a.m. Reception with Coffee and Rolls (1st floor link) 

8: 30 a.m. Dean’s Welcome (Galagan Auditoria) 

Dr. David Johnsen 

Keynote Speaker Introduction 

Drs. Clark Stanford and Steve Levy 

8:45 a.m. Keynote Address (Galagan Auditoria) 

Dr. Isabel Garcia 

9:45 a.m. Break 

10:00 a.m. - 11:15 a.m. Oral Presentations (Galagan Auditoria) 

Pre-doctoral (Gal. A) 

Graduate & Post-doctoral (Gal. B) 

11:30 a.m. – 12:40 p.m. Poster & Table Clinic Presentations (W220 A&B) 

5:30 p.m. Awards Banquet Reception with Cash Bar (Coralville Holiday Inn) 

6:30 p.m. Awards Banquet Dinner & Awards (Coralville Holiday Inn) 

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Presentation Assignments 

Oral Session 1: Pre-Doctoral 

10:00 a.m. - 11:15 a.m., Galagan A 

(a) Max Smith Pre-Doctoral Competition 

(b) Iowa Society for Periodontology Pre-Doctoral Award 

▼ 

1. R. Walton 

Incidence of Signs and Symptoms of Vertical Root Fracture 

2. a B. Smith, L.M. Moreno, S.F. Miller, G. Wehby, M. Dunnwald 

Digital Image Analysis for Reliable Characterization of Cleft Wound Phenotypes 

3. a,b L. Harvey, K. Brogden, A. Progulske-Fox 

HBD3-Enhanced Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB Cytokine Responses in Dendritic Cells 

4. a,b J. Van Hemert , E. Recker, K. Walters, A. Progulske-Fox, K.A. Brogden 

HBD3 Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB Binding to Dendritic Cells 

Oral Session 2: Graduate & Post-Doctoral 

10:00 a.m. - 11:15 a.m., Galagan B 

(c) Max Smith Graduate and Post-Doctoral Competition 

(d) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Pediatric 

(k) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Operative 

▼ 

5. c,d S.E. Swenson, K. Weber-Gasparoni, F. Qian, R.L. Ettinger 

Effectiveness of Group Home Caregivers’ Training Regarding Oral Care Delivery 

6. c C.L. Fischer, K. Walters, D.V. Dawson, D.R. Drake, K.A. Brogden, P.W. Wertz 

7. c,k 

Sphingolipids and Fatty Acids Alter Porphyromonas gingivalis Protein/Lipid Compositions 

L. St-Pierre, C. Bergeron, F. Qian, M.M. Hernandez, J.L. Kolker, D.S. Cobb, M.A. Vargas 

Effect of Finishing and Polishing Direction on the Marginal Adaptation of Resin-Based Composite 

Restorations In Vitro 

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Presenters are underlined. 

Mentors are italicized.

Pre-Doctoral, Graduate, and Post-Doctoral Posters & Table Clinics 

11:30 a.m. - 12:40 p.m., W220 A & B 

(b) Iowa Society for Periodontology Pre-Doctoral Award 

(d) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Pediatric 

(e) Proctor and Gamble Pre-Doctoral Award 

(f) ADA Pre-Doctoral Competition 

(g) ADA Graduate and Post-Doctoral Competition 

(h) Iowa Society for Periodontology Post-Doctoral Award 

(i) Endodontic Michael Fuller Post-Doctoral Award 

(j) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Preventive & Community 

(k) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Operative 

(l) Dental Specialty Award Competition: Basic Science 

▼ 

8. e,f 

9. e,f 

10. e,f 

11. e,f 

E.K. Wang, D.R. Blanchette, C.M. Kummet, S.F. Miller, L.M. Moreno, D.V. Dawson 

Three-dimensional Soft Tissue Asymmetry in Unaffected Relatives of NSCL/P Individuals 

C.M. Schiltz, J.L. Kolker, J.S. Wefel, C.M. Kummet, M.M. Hogan, J.D. Harless, D.V. Dawson 

S.J. Christensen, D.V. Dawson, D.R. Blanchette, C.M. Stanford 

Evaluating the Validity of the Pink Esthetic Score 

C. Shao, M.R. McQuistan, C.L. Straub-Morarend, M.D. Macek 

Oral Health Knowledge among Eldery Dental Patients 

12. e,f A. Shimek, M. Zhu, J.A. Banas 

Streptococcus mutans Glucan-Binding Proteins 

13. e,f A. Kang, D.G. Gratton, C.M. Stanford 

Prospective, Comparative Assessment of Single-Tooth Replacement in Different Implant-Abutment 

Interface Settings: Digital Scanning Analysis of Alveolar Ridge Architecture Alterations 

14. e,f C.R. Allen, M.A. Mansilla, J.C. Murray 

GWAS Follow-up Studies: NTN1 and NOG, New Candidates for NSCL/P 

15. e,f 

16. e,f 

17. e,f 

A.J. Brasser, K.A. Brogden, P.W. Wertz 

Salivary Lipid Binding by SPLUNC1. 

H.V. Guenther, J.J. Warren, D.R. Drake, F. Qian 

Assessment of Convenience of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Lollipops for Caries Prevention 

J. Grabouski, J.J. Grabouski, R.N. Staley, C.M. Kummet 

Cephalometric Measurements in Mixed Dentitions with Class I Normal Occlusion 

18. e,f C. Gleichman, M.A. Vargas 

The Use of NaOCl to Increase Bond Strength 

19. e,f T.N. Kieu, K. Weber-Gasparoni, J.J. Warren, F. Qian 

Evaluation of a Caries Risk Assessment Tool — A Pilot Study 

20. e,f D.G. Meier, R.N. Staley, C.M. Kummet 

Growth Relationships between the Mandible and Standing Height by Occlusion 

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21. e,f M. Popowski, M.R. McQuistan, C.L. Straub-Morarend, F. Qian 

Changes in Fourth Year Dental Students’ Presentation of Treatment Plans 

22. e,f N. Benassi, Y. Yu, V. Joshi, N. Wei, A.K. Salem, L. Hong 

Enhancement of Rat MSC Capabilities by Intracelluar Release of Estradiol 

23. e,f J. Kelly, N.E. Holton, S.D. Marshall, R. Franciscus, T.E. Southard 

The Effect of Maxillary Restriction on Mandibular Fossa Morphology 

24. e,f A. Murray, M.A. Vargas, S. Geraldeli, F. Qian, L. Chen 

Effect of Benzalkonium Chloride Adhesive System on Resin-Dentin Bond Durability. 

25. e,f J.J. Grabouski, R.N. Staley, C.M. Kummet 

Cephalometric Measurements in Adolescents with Class I Normal Occlusion 

26. A.D. Figueroa 

e,f , N.E. Holton , S.L. Kane, T.E. Southard 

Analysis of Cortical Bone Distribution in the Human Mandible 

27. E. Recker, C. Barwacz, L. Thomann, D.R. Blanchette, C.M. Kummet, D.V. Dawson, K.A. Brogden , 

C.M. Stanford 

Bone Mediators in the Implant Sulcus Fluid Around Implant Abutments 

28. g,h B.T. Tingey, S.H. Clark, L.A. Humbert, J.D. Tingey, C.M. Kummet 

29. g,i 

30. g,i 

Use of IV Sedation in Periodontal Practice: A National Survey 

D. Thuet, A.E. Williamson, F. Qian 

TM 

Effect of Ultrasonic Activation Using ProUltra PiezoFlow in Curved Canals on Smear Layer 

Removal Using 17% EDTA 

J. Hoopes, A.E. Williamson, D.R. Drake, F. Qian 

Effect of Blood Contamination on Sealing Properties of EndoSequence Root Repair Material TM 

31. i,g J.M. Clark, W.T. Johnson, K.V. Krell, D.R. Drake, F. Qian, O. Maktabi 

Retrospective Analysis of the Survival of Teeth Treated with Endodontics and Crown Lengthening 

32. H.A. Reynolds, K. Weber-Gasparoni, F. Qian, S.E. Swenson, R.L. Ettinger 

Caregivers’ Perceived Comfort Regarding Oral Care Delivery in Group Homes. 

33. g,j G. Kavand S.M. Levy, J.J. Warren 

Longitudinal Changes in Dental Esthetic Perceptions of Adolescents and Their Parents 

34. d,g M. Zhu, H. Zhang, Y. Ou, J.A. Banas 

35. g,i 

36. g,l 

R. Beasley, A.E. Williamson, B.C. Justman, D.R. Drake, F. Qian 

Percha From Moderately Curved Root Canals with ProTaper Retreatment Files 

N. Wei, L. Hong, N. Kim, Y. Yu, V. Joshi, A.K. Salem 

Effects of GR siRNA on Proliferation of MSCs In vitro 

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Abstracts 

1. Incidence of Signs and Symptoms of Vertical Root Fracture 

R. Walton 1 

1 University of Iowa 

Objectives: 

Materials and Methods: 

Results: Signs and symptoms had no consistent diagnostic patterns. All fractured roots had RCT. Reported pain 

was none-mild; swelling (history or presence at 77%) or sinus tract (31%) were more common. Probings showed 

different patterns (narrow-rectangular was prevalent at 66%), including no defect (21%). Radiographic patterns 

ranged from no change to extensive bone loss (most common was apical+lateral+crestal at 45%); the fracture was 

on most roots. 

Conclusions: 

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2. Digital Image Analysis for Reliable Characterization of Cleft Wound Phenotypes 

B. Smith 1 , L.M. Moreno 1 , S.F. Miller 1 , G. Wehby 1 , M. Dunnwald 1 


Cleft lip is a common birth defect with major physical and psychological impacts on affected individuals’ lives. 

Satisfaction with facial appearance, which is partly affected by success/quality of surgical cleft repair, is widely 

IRF6 or other clefting candidate 

genes. However, understanding the genetic basis of wound healing among affected individuals requires accurate 

characterization of the wound healing phenotype. 

Objectives: To develop wound healing phenotypes measured from digital 2D and 3D images of cleft lip wounds for 

genotype-phenotype correlation studies. 

Methods: We used 3-D images of 68 surgically repaired unilateral cleft lip individuals captured using the 3DMD 

image system. Size and RGB color histogram data of affected and control regions of the philtrum and upper lip 

were acquired using 3DMD and Image J software. Reliability was determined from repeated measurements of 

color similarity of several non-affected control points of the philtrum. We compared the color of affected versus 

unaffected control areas using t-test analysis. 

Results: Our method demonstrated high repeatability from ICC scores >8.0 for all repeated area measurements 

Pearson correlation (p

phenotypes are currently being evaluated and will be presented. 

Supported by: CDC grant 5R01DD000295; R03-AR055313; NIDCR Training Grant T32 DE014678-09 

3. HBD3-enhanced Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB Cytokine Responses in Dendritic Cells 

L. Harvey 1 , K.A. Brogden 1 , A. Progulske-Fox 6 

1 University of Iowa; 6 University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 

Previously, we found that HBD3, co-administered with recombinant hemagglutinin B (rHagB) attenuates a 

Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB in human myeloid dendritic 

cells. 

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if the chemokine and cytokine response of dendritic cells 

induced by rHagB is still attenuated when HBD3 is administered prior to exposure with rHagB; when administered 

simultaneously with rHagB; or when administered after exposure to rHagB. 

Methods: 

post exposure, culture supernatants were removed for the determination of 22 chemokines and cytokines using 

Instrument (Luminex, Austin, TX). 

Results: rHagB alone induced a robust chemokine and cytokine response. The timing of HBD3 administration 

was important. HBD3 co-incubated with rHagB (for 30 min prior to exposure) attenuated a chemokine and 

simultaneously, but not together or if HBD3 was administered 1 hour after, then rHagB induces a modestly robust 

Conclusions: The results show that the timing of HBD3 administration is important and HBD3 has the capacity to 

modulate the cytokine and chemokine response of dendritic cells to rHagB. Supported by funds from NIH, NIDCR 

R01 DEO14390. 

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Supported by: University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa Dental Research Grant 

4. HBD3 Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB Binding to Dendritic Cells 

J. Van Hemert 5 , E. Recker 5 , K. Walters 2 , A. Progulske-Fox 6 , K.A. Brogden 5 

2 5 6 University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA; University of Florida, 

Gainesville, FL 

Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is a small, well-characterized peptide with broad antimicrobial activities and 

diverse innate immune functions. Previously, we found that HBD3 binds to recombinant Porphyromonas gingivalis 

dendritic cells. 

Objectives: Our objective was to determine if HBD3 binding to rHagB alters the binding of rHagB to the surface of 

human myeloid dendritic cells. 

Methods: To test this, human myeloid dendritic cells and mouse JAWS II cells were incubated with 0.1 μM 

rHagB, 1.0 μM HBD3+0.1 μM rHagB (10:1 molar ratio), 1.0 μM HBD3, or 0.1 M PBS, pH 7.2. After 5 minutes, 

with monoclonal MoAb 1858 to rHagB, polyclonal rabbit to rHagB, and polyclonal 500-P241 rabbit antibody to 

microscopy. 

Results: For confocal microscopy, 6.3 x 104 dendritic cells in chamber slides were incubated with rHagB and had 

Conclusion: Overall, these results strongly suggest that HBD3 binding to rHagB alters the binding of rHagB to the 

response of rHagB in dendritic cells. This work was supported by NIH, NIDCR grant R01 DEO14390. 

Supported by: NIH, NIDCR grant R01 DEO14390. 

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R01 DEO14390. 


4. HBD3 Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis rHagB Binding to Dendritic Cells 

J. Van Hemert 5 , E. Recker 5 , K. Walters 2 , A. Progulske-Fox 6 , K.A. Brogden 5 

2 University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; 5 University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA; 6 University of Florida, 

Gainesville, FL 

Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is a small, well-characterized peptide with broad antimicrobial activities and 

diverse innate immune functions. Previously, we found that HBD3 binds to recombinant Porphyromonas gingivalis 

dendritic cells. 

Objectives: Our objective was to determine if HBD3 binding to rHagB alters the binding of rHagB to the surface of 

human myeloid dendritic cells. 

Methods: To test this, human myeloid dendritic cells and mouse JAWS II cells were incubated with 0.1 μM 

rHagB, 1.0 μM HBD3+0.1 μM rHagB (10:1 molar ratio), 1.0 μM HBD3, or 0.1 M PBS, pH 7.2. After 5 minutes, 

with monoclonal MoAb 1858 to rHagB, polyclonal rabbit to rHagB, and polyclonal 500-P241 rabbit antibody to 

microscopy. 

Results: For confocal microscopy, 6.3 x 104 dendritic cells in chamber slides were incubated with rHagB and had 

Conclusion: Overall, these results strongly suggest that HBD3 binding to rHagB alters the binding of rHagB to the 

response of rHagB in dendritic cells. This work was supported by NIH, NIDCR grant R01 DEO14390. 

Supported by: NIH, NIDCR grant R01 DEO14390. 

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5. Effectiveness of Group Home Caregivers’ Training Regarding Oral Care Delivery 

S.E. Swenson 1 , K. Weber-Gasparoni 1 , F. Qian 1 , R.L. Ettinger 1 


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of training on the behaviors of group home 

caregivers who provided oral hygiene care for individuals with special health care needs (SHCN). 

Methods: A 24-item survey was distributed to 884 caregivers employed at six care facilities in Iowa. Bivariate analyses 

and logistic regression models were used to analyze the data (alpha=.05). 

Results: 

that caregivers who reported receiving training at their current facility (yes versus no) on how to provide oral 

hygiene care for individuals with SHCN were more likely to brush the teeth of uncooperative consumers more 

frequently (P=.003), and feel more comfortable providing oral hygiene care for those who verbally and physically 

resisted oral care (P=.0003). Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated that individuals who reported 

receiving training were more likely to brush (P P=.03) the teeth of cooperative consumers, 

continue oral care delivery when consumers physically refused the care (P=.0041), provide direct care to a higher 

number of individuals with SHCN on a weekly basis (P=.0209), and disagree that lack of training was a barrier to 

providing oral hygiene care (P 

of consumers perceived as uncooperative. 

Conclusions: Caregivers who reported receiving training on how to provide oral hygiene care to individuals with 

SHCN displayed more positive behaviors when compared to those who did not receive training. 

Supported by: Delta Dental of Iowa Foundation 

6. Sphingolipids and Fatty Acids Alter Porphyromonas gingivalis Protein/Lipid Compositions 

C.L. Fischer 2 , K. Walters2 , D.V. Dawson 2 , D.R. Drake 2 , K.A. Brogden 2 , P.W. Wertz2 2 University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 

Long chain bases: sphingosine, phytosphingosine, and dihydrosphingosine, and fatty acids: lauric acid and sapienic 

acid, commonly found on oral mucosa and on skin have potent antimicrobial activity for a variety of Gram-positive 

and Gram-negative bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis. Treatment with these lipids also induces striking 

ultrastructural damage to the overall bacterial cell and formation of unique intracellular inclusions in some 

bacteria. However, little is known about the mechanisms of antimicrobial action as well as the nature and the origin 

of the bacterial inclusions. 

Objectives: 

of bacteria following treatment with lipids; 2) We determined if bacteria exhibited cell-association of test lipids 

following exposure. 

Methods: P. gingivalis was treated with long chain bases or fatty acids and pelleted by centrifugation. For one 

treatment, whole-cell protein extracts were reduced and separated by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 

and stained. For another treatment, lipids were extracted and separated by thin layer chromatography. Controls 

bases and fatty acids. 

Results: Of the long chain bases and fatty acids examined, sapienic acid induced the greatest alterations in the 

Conclusions: 

Mechanisms for these alterations are not yet known and are being explored. Long chain bases and fatty acids are 

present in cell pellets suggesting they may be associating with the bacterial membrane or accumulating in the cell, 

perhaps in the forming inclusions. 

Supported by: NIH/NIDCR RO1 DEO18032 and R01 DEO14390. 

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7. Effect of Finishing and Polishing Direction on the Marginal Adaptation of Resin-Based 

Composite Restorations In Vitro 

L. St-Pierre 1 , C. Bergeron 1 , F. Qian 1 , M.M. Hernandez 1 , J.L. Kolker 1 , D.S. Cobb 1 , M.A. Vargas 1 


Objective: To assess the effect of finishing and polishing direction on the marginal adaptation of resin-based 

composite restorations. 

Methods: Forty human molars were collected and sectioned along their mesio-distal axis. Buccal and lingual 

enamel surfaces were flattened and a triangular preparation (0.87mm deep and 3mm wide) representing two 

30° bevels was achieved. Specimens (n=20/per group) were randomly assigned in groups and restored with two 

resin-based composite materials: a nanofilled (Filtek Supreme Ultra)(FSU) and a microhybrid (Point4)(PT4) and 

two finishing/polishing techniques: a series of Sof-Lex discs (SL) and a sequence of diamond bur/dark-orange 

SL/rubber polishers (HiLuster). On each specimen, both margins were finished and polished with the same 

technique, one from the resin-based composite to the tooth structure (C-T) and the other from the tooth structure 

to the resin-based composite (T-C). Replicas were made for FeSEM observation (200X) and quantitative margin 

analysis was performed based on four defined marginal quality criteria. Comparisons were made between polishing 

directions (paired-samples t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), between resin-based composites and between 

polishing techniques (two-sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test) 

Results: Significant differences were found between polishing directions (p

8. Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Asymmetry in Unaffected Relatives of NSCL/P Individuals 

E.K. Wang 1 , D.R. Blanchette 1 , C.M. Kummet 1 , S. Miller 1 , L.M. Moreno 1 , D.V. Dawson 1 


Objectives: To compare patterns of three-dimensional facial asymmetry in unaffected siblings of individuals with 

nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) to those of controls, including assessment of feasibility, 

developing a diagnostic system for craniofacial phenotyping. 

Methods: Existing 3D facial scans of 51 unaffected siblings (30M/21F) and 29 controls (15M/14F) with no family 

history of clefting were landmarked by a calibrated rater using 3dMD software (Atlanta, GA) for 8 midline and 8 

pairs of bilateral sites, for a total of 24 standard anthropometric soft tissue landmarks . Subject ages ranged from 5 

to 16 years (median 10 years). 3D landmark coordinates were extracted and standardized through translation and 

were used as measures of facial asymmetry. Differences in asymmetry between NSCL/P siblings vs. controls were 

assessed using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and via multivariate logistic regression to adjust for age and gender. 

Analyses were carried out with and without centroid scaling to adjust for facial size. 

Results: Feasibility of the method was established, with excellent intra-rater reliability (ICCs of 0.83 — 0.99 in all 

three coordinates of 24 landmarks). Evidence was found for an effect of age (p=0.037) on crista philtri asymmetry 

which strengthened (p=0.0085) after facial size adjustment via centroid scaling; a gender effect was also suggested 

measures in relatives of NSCL/P cases vs. controls. 

Conclusion: Soft tissue asymmetry studies are feasible and results from this pilot study will provide useful 

information for future well-powered studies, which should consider adjustment for the effects of age, facial size, and 

gender. 

Supported by: NIDCR Training Grant T32 DE014678-09 

9. faces. 

C.M. Schiltz 1 , J.L. Kolker 1 , J.S. Wefel 1 , C.M. Kummet 1 , M.M. Hogan 1 , J.D. Harless 1 , D.V. Dawson 1 


Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available, and professionally prescribed or 

Methods: On 121 non-carious root surfaces a 1mm X 6mm window was created and exposed to a simulated oral 

environment. Each surface was randomly assigned to 1 of 5 groups: Control, 3M Cavity Shield 5% NaF Varnish 

(22,000 ppm — applied once), Oral-B® Neutra-Foam® 2% NaF (9,000 ppm — applied once), PreviDent 5000 

Plus TM (5,000 ppm — applied daily), or Crest® Cavity Protection (1,100 ppm — applied daily). For 17 days, 

every 24 hours the teeth were exposed cyclically to demineralizing solution (acetic acid - pH 4.3 — 2 hours), 

(control, varnish, foam) for 1 hours/min. Teeth were then sectioned, exposing the internal surface of the root 

windows. Lesion depths were measured using polarized light microscopy and Image Pro Plus computer software. 

Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and pairwise comparisons were performed using SAS 9.2 and R statistical software. 

Results: 

highest in the control group (144.52 µm) followed by Neutra-foam (128.63 µm), Varnish (120.18 µm), Crest (85.37 

each other after adjustment for multiple comparisons to preserve an overall Type I error of 0.05 (Tukey-Kramer 

adjusted p=0.0492 for 3M Cavity Shield Varnish and Neutra-Foam comparison and adjusted p

10. Evaluating the Validity of the Pink Esthetic Score 

S.J. Christensen 1 , D.V. Dawson 1 , D.R. Blanchette 1 , C.M. Stanford 1 


Objectives: There is a need for an objective system to evaluate esthetics of the peri-implant soft tissue. The Pink 

Esthetic Score (PES), proposed by Furhauser et al., is one metric although it relies on a subjective ordinal set of 

scales. The goal of this study is to develop calibrated examiners who can have a higher agreement than 70.5% as 

reported by Gehrke et al in 2008 using the PES. 

Methods: Five dentistry faculty used the PES to evaluate 10 digital photographs using the PES variables: mesial 

papilla, distal papilla, soft tissue level, soft tissue contour, soft tissue color, soft tissue texture, and the alveolar 

process. The participants rated the tooth in question using a 0 (poor), 1 (acceptable), 2 (best) ordinal scale to 

evaluate the PES variables compared with the contralateral tooth. Participants were than retested two weeks later. 

Eight additional dentists of different specialties were also given the survey to test differences between specialties 

(total 13 subjects). Qualtrics a secure, online data collection service was used for the survey. 

Results: 94% of the images were graded within 6 points of each other. The median difference for a given 

participant ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 points. The participants showed an inter-rater agreement of 0.53 which is 

dental students showed the highest agreement (0.77) based on Kendall’s Concordance. 

Conclusions: A web-based survey can be used for measurement of implant esthetics. Based on the results of this 

study the ordinal scale used to assess the soft tissue esthetics surrounding a single tooth implant is highly variable. 

Calibration training prior to conducting the survey is critical but scoring drift still occurred. 

Supported by: Astra Tech AB 

11. Oral Health Knowledge Among Eldery Dental Patients 

C. Shao 1 , M.R. McQuistan 1 , C.L. Straub-Morarend 1 , M.D. Macek 3 

1 University of Iowa; 3 University of Maryland 

Objective: To assess the oral health knowledge of an elderly population. 

Methods: 

study. Participants completed an oral and written survey based on the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health 

Knowledge (CMOHK), which was developed at the University of Maryland. Knowledge scores were summed and 

then dichotomized into poor/fair (0-14 points) vs. good (15-23 points). Data were entered into Excel. Descriptive 

and bivariate analyses were conducted utilizing SAS 9.3. 

Results: 40 subjects completed surveys. The median knowledge score was 17 points. Subjects were least likely to 

understand concepts related to children’s dentition, periodontal disease and oral cancer. The following subjects 

were most likely to receive “poor/fair” knowledge scores (p

12. Streptococcus mutans Glucan-Binding Proteins 

A. Shimek 1 , M. Zhu 1 , J.A. Banas 1 


The aim of this study was to isolate individual glucan-binding proteins (Gbps A, B, C, and D) and determine their 

of Streptococcus mutans 

Biotin-tagged fusions were engineered for Gbps A, B, C, and D and expressed in E. coli. Cell lysates containing 

the eluted samples were run on a 12% polyacrylamide minigel, transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane, and 

run compared to migration in gels without dextran. Samples were visualized by western blotting using Strepavidin- 

Alkaline Phosphatase. 

demonstrated to have a retardation rate of 10-14%. In one successful trial GbpA was demonstrated to have a 100% 

on native gels. 

This information could provide insight into the relative importance of each Gbp and whether preventative 

measures could be developed that target Gbps in the effort to diminish caries risk. 


13. Prospective, Comparative Assessment of Single-Tooth Replacement in Different 

Implant-Abutment Interface Settings: Digital Scanning Analysis of Alveolar Ridge 

Architecture Alterations 

A. Kang 1 , D.G. Gratton 1 , C.M. Stanford 1 


Repeated investigations suggest that implants with connections that possess micromotion are associated with 

reactionary crestal bone loss. Therefore, we aim to compare the peri-implant tissue responses to three different 

144 subjects are included at four centers and each subject being randomized to receive one of the three implant 

designs. The individuals received implant and abutment installation in a one-stage procedure with immediate 

provisionalization within region 14 to 24. Poly-vinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions were taken from each center at the 

screening visit, implant installation, permanent crown delivery, and follow up visits (6, 12, 24 and 36 months after 

implant placement). PVS impressions were sent to the University of Iowa College of Dentistry and are being poured 

in a type IV dental stone. We are in the process of successfully scanning dental casts utilizing a Kavo Everest ScanPro 

non-contact 3D striplight projection scanner with a scan accuracy of 20 µm. For each subject, the baseline data from 

screening visit will be aligned and pinned in 3D space. Then the 3D data for each of the subsequent time points 

will be aligned to the baseline surface using a global alignment tool of the Qualify software. Once all data have 

been aligned, standardized measurements of gingival zenith, papilla, and alveolar ridge architecture alterations will 

be compared. Completion of the project will provide statistically robust evidence that different implant-abutment 

interface designs are associated with different peri-implant tissue related outcomes. 


17 16

14. GWAS Follow-Up Studies: NTN1 and NOG, New Candidates for NSCL/P 

C.R. Allen 5 , M.A. Mansilla 2 , J.C. Murray 2 

2 University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; 5 University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 

Objectives: The orofacial defect cleft lip with or without palate (CL/P), is a common congenital anomaly with 

environmental and genetic contributors. Several new non-syndromic CL/P (NSCL/P) candidate genes, including 

NTN1 

NTN1 

Methods: NTN1 and NOG were genotyped in DNA from 275 Iowan NSCL/P case-parent-trios 

and 220 Filipino NSCL/P multiplex-families, and analyzed by the Transmission-Disequilibrium Test (TDT) using a 

family-based association test (FBAT). Direct sequencing was performed for the coding exons of both genes in 304 

individuals from Iowa (217 cases, 84 controls) and 180 individuals from the Philippines (89 cases, 91 controls). 

Results: Initial FBAT statistics replicated previous results. A p-value of 6 x 10-3 was obtained for rs9788972 (NTN1) 

(NOG NTN1 

(5 missense, 2 synonymous, and 7 non-coding). Eight new mutations were found in NOG, all non-coding. Of the 

missense mutations in NTN1, Y162C and G440S are predicted to be probably damaging by PolyPhen-2 prediction 

algorithm. 

Conclusions: 

discovery of rare variants in these two genes within affected individuals, suggests their potential role in the etiology 

of NSCL/P, especially the two new missense mutations in NTN1 predicted to have damaging functional effects. 

Additional investigations are needed to further analyze these genes and the role of their variants. 

Supported by: NIH Grant: DE 08559; NIDCR Grant: T32 DE014678-09 

15. Salivary Lipid Binding by SPLUNC1. 

A.J. Brasser 1 , K.A. Brogden 1 , P.W. Wertz 1 


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether short palate lung and nasal epithelial clone 1 

protein (SPLUNC1) binds salivary lipids. Previous work has demonstrated that salivary lipids consist of a mixture 

of cholesterol (3.9%), fatty acids (27.6%), triglycerides (32.1%), wax esters ((26.3%), cholesterol esters (1.9%) and 

squalene (10.3%) (Brasser et al. Archs Oral Biol 56:588-591, 2011). 

Methods: Five ml portions of unstimulated whole saliva were collected from volunteers. To each sample 15 ml 

of absolute ethanol was added. This precipitates all protein except SPLUNC1 (Campos et al. Am J Respir Cell Mol 

Biol 30:184-192, 2004). After centrifugation at 16,000 x g for 15 min, supernatants containing SPLUNC1 were 

concentrated to dryness via rotary evaporator. A synthetic lipid mixture approximating the composition of human 

salivary lipids (see above) was added to each of two tubes. SPLUNC1 was reconstituted in 5 ml distilled water 

and added to one tube. Five ml distilled water was added to the second tube. After sonication, the tubes were 

incubated at 37o for 1 hr. Samples were again centrifuged at 16,000 x g for 15 min. Supernatants were lyophilized, 

and the dried residues were extracted with chloroform:methanol. Recovered lipids were analyzed by thin-layer 

chromatography. 

Results: Lipids suspended in distilled water completely sedimented during centrifugation. All of the lipids in the 

cholesterol and cholesterol esters. 

Conclusions: SPLUNC1 can bind all of the neutral salivary lipids. It preferentially binds cholesterol and 

cholesterol esters. 

Supported by: RO1 DEO18032; NIDCR Training Grant T32 DE014678-09 

17 18

16. Assessment of Convenience of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Lollipops for Caries Prevention 

H.V. Guenther 1 , J.J. Warren 1 , D.R. Drake 1 , F. Qian 1 


Objectives: Lollipops containing licorice root extract, Glycyrrhizol A, have been developed to reduce salivary levels 

of S. mutans, thus providing parents with another mode of caries prevention for their children. This pilot study 

sought to evaluate compliance and attitudes toward the “Lollipop Regimen.” 

Methods: 35 Head Start children were instructed to use lollipops twice per day for ten days (20 lollipops). Subjects 

were randomly assigned to either a control sugar-free lollipop group or to an herbal lollipop group (Dr. John’s 

Candies). Plaque samples were acquired from their teeth with a sterile cotton swab on Day 1 and Day 14, and were 

spiral-plated onto Mitis-Salivarius-Kanamycin-Bacitracin agar plates. On Day 14, parents were asked to complete a 

survey which assessed actual compliance, the children’s opinions on taste, and their attitudes on convenience of the 

“Lollipop Regimen” (scale of 1-5). Written responses elaborated reasons for these ratings. 

Results: 18 children (51%) completed the study. Of those, 5 consumed all 20 lollipops (28%), and 9 (50%) 

completed as many as 15 of 20. A slight majority (53%) who completed the survey rated the convenience as average 

or worse (score of 3 or less). Almost 75% of the children rated the taste highly, as either a 4 or 5. Compliance 

and ratings for both convenience and taste did not differ between the sugar-free or herbal group. There were no 

differences in bacterial counts between groups at either Day 1 or Day 14. 

Conclusion: While children may approve of the taste of the herbal lollipops, actual compliance of the complete 10 

day “Lollipop Regimen” was low. Due to inconvenience, parents may not accept the herbal lollipops as an effective 

vehicle to use as a caries-preventive regimen. Further research, using larger samples sizes, should be conducted to 

further assess compliance and effectiveness of these lollipops. 

Supported by: NIDCR Training Grant, T32 DE014678-09 

17. Cephalometric Measurements in Mixed Dentitions with Class I Normal Occlusion 

J. Grabouski1 , J.J. Grabouski1 , R.N. Staley1 , C.M. Kummet1 1 University of Iowa 

Objective: Using cephalometric (C) radiographs of mixed dentition (MD) subjects who had Class I normal 

occlusion in adolescence, (1) describe C norms for 8 year old children, (2) test hypothesis that C variables are 

similar in genders, and (3) test hypothesis that 8 and 12 year old C measurements taken by JJG are similar. 

Method: Longitudinal radiographs from 19 males (M) and 19 females (F) in the Iowa Growth Study [IRB 

permission] with Class I normal occlusion in permanent dentition (PD) were measured in MD at 8 years (Jessica) 

and 12 years in PD (Jeremy). C variables (11 angular, 3 linear) were measured with protractor and ruler. Intrarater 

reliability correlations (r = .9700-.9978, p< 0.0001) and inter-rater reliability correlations (r=.9548-.9986, p< 

0.0001) were acceptable. Student’s t-tests/Wilcoxon compared genders and ages. Histograms of MD variables 

were generated. 

Results: One variable, N-Me mm, differed between MD genders (M > F) (p=0.0152). Comparison of MD and 

p=0.0085), SNPog∞ (F: p=0.0000; M: p=0.0005), N-Me mm (F: p=0.0000; M: p=0.0000), MP : SN∞ (F: p=0.0053; 

M: p=0.0003), - : - ∞ (F: p=0.0052; M: p=0.0012), - : FH∞ (F: p=0.0221; M: p=0.0406), and - : NB mm (F: p=0.0023; 

M: p=0.0040). Other MD-PD differences were males, - : SN∞ (p=0.0080) and females, SNA∞ (p=0.0209), - : MP∞ 

(p=0.0434), and - : APog mm (p=0.0098). 

Conclusions: The null hypothesis for differences between MD genders was accepted for all variables except N-Me 

mm. The null hypothesis for differences between MD and PD variables was rejected for 10 F variables and 8 M 

variables. Norms for age 8 are recommended. 

Supported by: University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Dows Research Award 

19 18

18. The Use of NaOCl to Increase Bond Strength 

C. Gleichman 1 , M.A. Vargas 1 


Objective: To evaluate if the addition of 5.25% NaOCl followed by 37% H 3 PO 4 etch will increase the bond strength 

by increasing the overall etched surface using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system. 

Method: 

with a low-speed diamond saw. Each tooth will represent one of 6 groups. 

A. 37% H 3 PO 4 etch for 20 seconds, let sit as is 

B. 37% H 3 PO 4 etch rubbed into the enamel for 20 seconds 

C. 5.25% NaOCl for 30 seconds and 37% H 3 PO 4 etch for 20 seconds, let sit as is 

D. 5.25% NaOCl for 30 seconds and 37% H 3 PO 4 etch rubbed into the enamel for 20 seconds 

E. 5.25% NaOCl for 60 seconds and 37% H 3 PO 4 etch for 20 seconds, let sit as is 

F. 5.25% NaOCl for 60 seconds and 37% H 3 PO 4 etch rubbed into the enamel for 20 seconds 

Etchant and Optibond FL adhesive were applied according to manufacturer and instructions of group. A 

composite build-up of approximately 5 mm was made using Filtek Supreme, applied in 2 increments. After 24-hour 

storage in water, the resin-enamel bonded specimens were sectioned with a water-cooled diamond saw in both the 

x and y directions. Each rectangular stick had a cross section area of approximately 0.8mm. At random, 2 sticks 

from each tooth were subjected to tension at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/minute using a Zwick testing machine 

Results: 

Conclusion: The addition of NaOCl did not increase the long term bond strength of composite to enamel. 


19. Evaluation of a Caries Risk Assessment Tool — A Pilot Study 

T.N. Kieu 1 , K. Weber-Gasparoni 1 , J.J. Warren 1 , F. Qian 1 


Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the accuracy of a caries risk assessment tool used at the 

enrolled in the program and later seen at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry (COD). An additional goal 

was to identify the strongest caries-risk indicators collected at the IOHP for the children who eventually developed 

caries. 

Methods: Data were collected from 30 children aged 12 to 48 months. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate 

Results: Among the 30 children, 16 were girls and 14 were boys; 60% were 1 or 2 years at the baseline IOHP 

P

20. Growth Relationships between the Mandible and Standing Height by Occlusion 

D.G. Meier 1 , R.N. Staley 1 , C.M. Kummet 1 


Objectives: To measure longitudinal growth of the mandible and standing height from 6-13 years in Class I normal 

occlusions (CINO) and Class II malocclusions (CIIM), and correlate the variables to describe the strength of the 

associations in the occlusion groups. 

Methods: Cephalograms of 30 male and 28 female participants in the Iowa Growth Study were used [IRB approval]. 

Dial calipers were used to measure mandibular length between articulare-pogonion (Ar-Pg). Standing height 

measurements were obtained from the Iowa Growth Study. Spearman correlations were used to correlate growth of 

standing height and articulare-pogonion in subjects with CINO (15 males and 15 females) and CIIM (15 males and 

Results: 

two occlusion groups occurred at age 9 in females (r=0.7235 [CINO]; r= -0.0070 [CIIM], p=0.0448). Growth curves 

for mandibular length and for standing height were similar but key differences occurred in growth acceleration in 

both genders in both occlusion groups. 

Conclusions: Correlations between growth in standing height and length of mandible in CINO and CIIM subjects 

were low to moderate positive. The correlations have minimal clinical application. 


21. Changes in Fourth-Year Dental Students’ Presentation of Treatment Plans 

M. Popowski1 , M.R. McQuistan 1 , C.L. Straub-Morarend 1 , F. Qian1 1 University of Iowa 

Objective: To assess whether dental students change their methods of presenting treatment plans to patients as 

they progress through the fourth year. 

Methods: A survey was developed and administered to all University of Iowa College of Dentistry fourth-year dental 

students at two points in time (N=77; July and October 2010). The survey assessed the duration and content of 

students’ treatment plan presentations. Univariate analyses were performed. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed 

the two time points. IRB approval was obtained prior to beginning the study. 

Results: 46 students completed the survey at two points in time for a matched response rate of 59.7%. On average, 

students spent 11-20 minutes presenting a treatment plan to a new patient, with 37% spending more time as 

the semester progressed. Students spent 1-10 minutes reviewing an accepted treatment plan with a returning 

patient, with 24% spending more time as the semester progressed. 47% of students frequently presented multiple 

treatment plans to a patient, but this decreased over time. During the initial presentation of the treatment plan, 

students were most likely to discuss cost of treatment (98%), number of visits to complete treatment (91%), 

etiology of treatment needs (80%), and maintenance (78%). Students were least likely to discuss evidence relevant 

to the planned treatment (13%), case prognosis (67%), and material selection (67%). With the exception of cost, 

the number of students who discussed the aforementioned aspects of the treatment decreased over time. 

Conclusion: As the semester progressed, students changed the amount of time they spent presenting treatment 

plans to patients and the content they presented to their patients. 


21 20

22. Enhancement of Rat MSC Capabilities by Intracelluar Release of Estradiol 

N. Benassi 1 , Y. Yu 1 , V. Joshi 1 , N. Wei 1 , A.K. Salem 1 , L. Hong 1 


Stem cell-based bone tissue engineering has emerged as an increasingly promising alternative approach for the 

bone marrow-derived MSCs are considered a potentially attractive cell source for this approach, the natural 

population of MSC is very limited and their differentiation capabilities are easily reduced following in vitro cell 

expansion. Thus, it is essential to develop strategies that can be used to improve the potential utilization of MSCs 

for clinical application. Estrogen effectively improves MSC capabilities and has strong potential as a regulator of 

can serve as a tool for intracellular delivery of estradiol (E2) to effectively execute estrogen regulation of MSCs. 

Objectives: This study is to evaluate in vitro and in vivo bone regenerative capability of MSCs with intracellular 

release of E2. 

Methods: After rat bone marrow MSCs took up E2-loaded PLGA microparticles, their proliferation and in vitro 

In vivo bone 

regeneration of these MSCs was investigated using a rat calvarial bone defect model. 

Results: 

proliferation rate compared to the controls. mRNA expression of osteocalcin, an osteogenic differentiation marker, 

differentiation medium in vitro. Bone regeneration at calvarial defects treated by MSCs with uptake of E2-loaded 

PLGA particles are faster than controls. 

Conclusions: Intracellular release of E2 delivered by PLGA microparticles effectively enhanced proliferation and 

bone regenerative capabilities of MSCs. This approach can be potentially used to improve the capabilities of MSCs 

for MSC-based bone tissue engineering. 


21 22

23. The Effect of Maxillary Restriction on Mandibular Fossa Morphology 

J. Kelly 1 , N.E. Holton 1 , S.D. Marshall 1 , R. Franciscus 1 , T.E. Southard 1 


Objectives: In previous analyses, we found that experimentally-induced maxillary restriction in a pig model 

resulted in predictable changes in mandibular condylar morphology. In the present study we extend our analysis to 

assess the potential effects of maxillary restriction on the morphology of the mandibular fossa. 

Methods: Ten female domestic pig sibship cohorts, each consisting of three individuals, were allocated to one of 

months. The sham group underwent surgery, receiving only screw implantation, and the control group underwent 

no surgical procedure. Pigs were euthanized at six months of age. Mandibular fossa length and breadth were 

assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Additionally, we assessed variation in mandibular fossa size and shape 

via geometric morphometric analysis of coordinate landmark data describing the fossa. To assess these data, 

we used Procrustes analysis, which distills a form, represented by coordinate landmark data, into size and shape 

information. Shape differences were quantitatively assessed using principal components (PC) of Procrustes scaled 

coordinate landmarks. 

Results: 

differences in shape. The results of our principal components indicated that the experimental group, relative to 

the control and sham groups, had a more superiorly positioned joint surface with lateral displacement relative to 

(from our previous analysis) describing differences in mandibular condylar morphology (r=0.49; p=0.012). 

Conclusions: 

This suggests that altering maxillary growth may have important consequences on masticatory function and joint 

biomechanics. 


24. Effect of Benzalkonium Chloride Adhesive System on Resin-Dentin Bond Durability 

A. Murray 5 , M.A. Vargas 5 , S. Geraldeli 9 , F. Qian 8 , L. Chen 7 

5 University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA; 7 Research and Development, Bisco, Schaumburg, IL; 

8 Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,; 9 Restorative Dental 

Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 

Objectives: The resin-dentin bond is degraded by endogenous dentinal proteinases activated by acidic compounds 

contained in dental adhesive systems. Several compounds have been suggested to neutralize these proteinases, 

including benzalkonium chloride (BAC). The objective is to evaluate the effect of incorporating various 

concentrations of BAC on the short and intermediate bond strength of a one-step self-etch adhesive. 

Methods: Forty-eight human molars stored in 0.5% chloramine solution were used within 3mo of extraction 

and randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 12). Flat dentin surfaces were prepared with a water-cooled, low-speed 

diamond saw (Isomet1000, Buehler). A standardized smear layer was prepared using 600-grit wet sandpaper. 

Three experimental one-step self-etching adhesives (Bisco Inc.) were formulated with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% BAC 

following manufacturer’s guidelines. A three increment build-up of approximately 5mm was made using resin 

composite Estelite Sigma Quick (Tokuyama). Each increment was light cured (690-730 mW/cm 2 ) for 20sec with 

sectioned to obtain six rectangular sticks from the central part of the bonded surface with a cross section area of 

approximately 0.8mm. At random, two sticks from each group were subjected to tension at a crosshead speed of 

1.0mm/min using a Zwick testing machine at 1wk and two sticks at 10wks. 

Results: A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate differences among the groups by adhesive and 

23 22

iomechanics. 


24. Effect of Benzalkonium Chloride Adhesive System on Resin-Dentin Bond Durability 

A. Murray 5 , M.A. Vargas 5 , S. Geraldeli 9 , F. Qian 8 , L. Chen 7 

5 University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA; 7 Research and Development, Bisco, Schaumburg, IL; 

8 Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA,; 9 Restorative Dental 

Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 

Objectives: The resin-dentin bond is degraded by endogenous dentinal proteinases activated by acidic compounds 

contained in dental adhesive systems. Several compounds have been suggested to neutralize these proteinases, 

including benzalkonium chloride (BAC). The objective is to evaluate the effect of incorporating various 

concentrations of BAC on the short and intermediate bond strength of a one-step self-etch adhesive. 

Methods: Forty-eight human molars stored in 0.5% chloramine solution were used within 3mo of extraction 

and randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 12). Flat dentin surfaces were prepared with a water-cooled, low-speed 

diamond saw (Isomet1000, Buehler). A standardized smear layer was prepared using 600-grit wet sandpaper. 

Three experimental one-step self-etching adhesives (Bisco Inc.) were formulated with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% BAC 

following manufacturer’s guidelines. A three increment build-up of approximately 5mm was made using resin 

composite Estelite Sigma Quick (Tokuyama). Each increment was light cured (690-730 mW/cm 2 ) for 20sec with 

sectioned to obtain six rectangular sticks from the central part of the bonded surface with a cross section area of 

approximately 0.8mm. At random, two sticks from each group were subjected to tension at a crosshead speed of 

1.0mm/min using a Zwick testing machine at 1wk and two sticks at 10wks. 

Results: A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate differences among the groups by adhesive and 

and BAC concentrations did not affect microtensile bond strength. 

Conclusions: The incorporation of BAC did not affect the bond strength of the experimental one-step self-etch 

22 

adhesive. 


25. Cephalometric Measurements in Adolescents with Class I Normal Occlusion 

J.J. Grabouski 1 , R.N. Staley 1 , C.M. Kummet 1 


Objectives: 

by Angle Class. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe CN for a random sample of adolescents with Class I 

normal occlusion (CIN), (2) develop adolescent CN, and (3) test the hypothesis that CN of genders are similar. 

Methods: Radiographs of adolescents (19 male, 19 female, mean age=12.0 years) were taken from the Iowa Facial 

Growth Study [IRB permission]. Fourteen cephalometric measurements (11 angular, 3 linear) were recorded 

with a cephalometric protractor and digital calipers. Intra-rater reliability correlations (r = .9774-.9981, p< 0.0001) 

showed excellent agreement between duplicate measurements. Gender differences were analyzed using Student’s 

t-test. Visual comparisons of genders were generated using histograms of measurement variables. 

Results: 

between genders (p > 0.05). Non-statistical comparisons of means in this study (G) with previous means: Downs 

(D), Riedel(R), Michigan (M), Taylor & Hitchcock (TH), Harris (H), Saksena (S) yielded mostly similarity. 

Dissimilarities included FH/N-Pog 4.8° (1sd) higher in (D); MP/FH 7.2° (1sd) lower in (D); Inter-incisal angle 7.4° 

(1sd) higher in (D); upper incisor/A-Pog 3 mm (1sd) lower in (D); and male N-Me distance 6mm (1sd) higher in 

(M). 

Conclusions: The null hypothesis predicting no differences between adolescent males and females was accepted for 

all cephalometric variables. The differences between the present study means and those of previous studies may be 

explained by (1) sample differences, selection of subjects, and perhaps growth maturation in (D). Most previous 

CN observed appear satisfactory for adolescents. 


24

adhesive. 


25. Cephalometric Measurements in Adolescents with Class I Normal Occlusion 

J.J. Grabouski 1 , R.N. Staley 1 , C.M. Kummet 1 


Objectives: 

by Angle Class. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe CN for a random sample of adolescents with Class I 

normal occlusion (CIN), (2) develop adolescent CN, and (3) test the hypothesis that CN of genders are similar. 

Methods: Radiographs of adolescents (19 male, 19 female, mean age=12.0 years) were taken from the Iowa Facial 

Growth Study [IRB permission]. Fourteen cephalometric measurements (11 angular, 3 linear) were recorded 

with a cephalometric protractor and digital calipers. Intra-rater reliability correlations (r = .9774-.9981, p< 0.0001) 

showed excellent agreement between duplicate measurements. Gender differences were analyzed using Student’s 

t-test. Visual comparisons of genders were generated using histograms of measurement variables. 

Results: 

between genders (p > 0.05). Non-statistical comparisons of means in this study (G) with previous means: Downs 

(D), Riedel(R), Michigan (M), Taylor & Hitchcock (TH), Harris (H), Saksena (S) yielded mostly similarity. 

Dissimilarities included FH/N-Pog 4.8° (1sd) higher in (D); MP/FH 7.2° (1sd) lower in (D); Inter-incisal angle 7.4° 

(1sd) higher in (D); upper incisor/A-Pog 3 mm (1sd) lower in (D); and male N-Me distance 6mm (1sd) higher in 

(M). 

Conclusions: The null hypothesis predicting no differences between adolescent males and females was accepted for 

all cephalometric variables. The differences between the present study means and those of previous studies may be 

explained by (1) sample differences, selection of subjects, and perhaps growth maturation in (D). Most previous 

CN observed appear satisfactory for adolescents. 


23 

25

26. Analysis of Cortical Bone Distribution in the Human Mandible 

1 1 1 1 

A.D. Figueroa, N.E. Holton , S.L. Kane , T.E. Southard 


Objective: During mastication, the mandible experiences complex patterns of stresses and strains. Experimental 

studies have documented that variation in masticatory function (i.e., hard- vs. soft-diets) results in predictable 

differences in mandibular cortical bone properties in response to differences in strain magnitudes. It is unclear, 

however, how the results of these studies relate to masticatory function and mandibular cortical bone properties 

in humans. We therefore tested the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between masticatory function and 

mandibular cortical bone properties in a human sample. 

Methods: We assessed mandibular cortical bone properties at the symphysis and the corpus (at M1/M2 septum) 

using CT scans of n=20 males. We calculated cortical bone area, subperiosteal area, symphyseal orientation (theta), 

second moments of area (Imax and Imin) and polar moments of inertia (J). Masticatory force was calculated 

using in vivo masticatory muscle cross-sectional areas (for masseter, medial pterygoid and temporalis) and muscle 

moment arm lengths (measured from the TMJ to the muscle line of action). We analyzed the relationship between 

Results: With respect to the symphysis, masticatory force was negatively correlated with Imax (r=-.453; P= 0.045) 

and positively correlated with Imin (r=0.540; P=0.014). Thus, individuals with increased muscle force exhibit both 

an increase in resistance to wishboning strains and a decrease in dorsoventral symphsyseal bending. Regarding the 

that greater muscle force is associated with relatively wider corpus dimensions. 

Conclusions: Correlations between masticatory function and mandibular cortical bone properties suggest that while 

aspects of the mandible appear to respond to masticatory strains, other aspects (i.e., symphyseal Imax) may be 

responding to other facial growth dynamics. 

Supported by: NSF:BCS-0550036; University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa Dental Research Grant 

27. Bone Mediators in the Implant Sulcus Fluid Around Implant Abutments 

E. Recker1 , C. Barwacz1 , L. Thomann1 , D.R. Blanchette1 , C.M. Kummet1 , D.V. Dawson1 , K.A. Brogden 1 , 

C.M. Stanford1 1 University of Iowa 

Objective: Little is known about the production of mediators from underlying bone following delivery of implant 

abutments and prosthetic rehabilitation. To evaluate the production of human bone mediators present in the 

which the restorations have been in function for at least 6 months. 

Method: Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed on 46 healthy subjects (20 male; 26 female). 

Each subject had an implant-supported restoration in function for 6 months or longer, with an average of 22 

months of function. PISF samples were obtained from four sites (mesio-buccal, disto-buccal, mesio-lingual, distolingual) 

on one implant site per subject and pooled into 0.01 M PBS, pH 7.2 containing protease inhibitors. All 

implant sites were sampled, and a blinded reviewer randomly selected a single site for analysis. Concentrations 

bead-based immunoassay (Millipore, Billerica, MA) in the Luminex 100 IS Instrument (Luminex, Austin, TX). 

Result: None of the subjects sampled exhibited clinical or radiographic evidence of peri-implantitis and bone levels 

were stable at recall for all subjects from initial date of prosthesis delivery. Median levels of Leptin was lower in the 

ZrO group (32.6±8.3pg/30sec) than in the titanium abutment group (36.9±17.9 pg/30 sec) with p=0.026, Wilcoxon 

Rank Sum). No age or gender effects. ACTH, PTH, Insulin, OPN had modest elevated but no trends in titanium 

group. 

Conclusion: The concentrations of select bone mediators were elevated around titanium abutments, albeit 

in patients for whom there was no clinical or radiographic evidence of peri implant disease. Levels of 

to determine the relationship, if any, between prosthetic abutment material and peri-implant bone mediator 

production. 

24 26

28. Use of IV Sedation in Periodontal Practice: A National Survey 

B.T. Tingey 1 , S.H. Clark 1 , L.A. Humbert 1 , J.D. Tingey 4 , C.M. Kummet 1 

1 University of Iowa; 4 Private Practice 

Objectives: In the early 1990s, much of the periodontal profession perceived an upcoming shift in services 

performed by periodontists. Many patients expect sedation for periodontal surgery. As a result, in 1993 the 

American Academy of Periodontology began encouraging postgraduate periodontal programs to train residents 

in the use of conscious sedation. The purpose of this study is to investigate trends in the training of IV sedation in 

residency and its use in periodontal practice. 

Methods: An 18 question survey was mailed to a sample of 1596 active periodontists throughout the United States 

and Canada. Thirty-seven percent (596) of the surveys were returned. Twenty-two retired periodontists responded 

and were excluded from the analysis. The data from the remaining 574 surveys was analyzed with a statistical 

software package. 

Results: About half (49.8%) of survey respondents offer IV sedation in their practices. Among respondents who 

completed residency prior to 1996, 42.6% offer IV sedation compared to 64.2% of respondents who completed 

residency in 1996 or later. The number of IV sedations performed in residency was moderately correlated with the 

number of IV sedations personally performed in periodontal practice (Spearman r=0.5169, p

30. Effect of Blood Contamination on Sealing Properties of EndoSequence Root 

Repair Material TM 

J. Hoopes 1 , A.E. Williamson 1 , D.R. Drake 1 , F. Qian 1 


The purpose of this in vitro 

MTA or EndoSequence Root Repair Material TM (ESRRM) with and without blood contamination. 50 extracted 

single canal mandibular premolars were decoronated and the canals were instrumented to within 1 mm of the 

plus sealer. The roots were sealed with nail polish. 3mm of the root ends were resected. Root end preparations 

were made with ultrasonics to a depth of 3mm. The teeth were then randomly divided into four treatment groups: 

Group 1 (n=10) had ESRRM as REF. Group 2 (n=10) had ESRRM as REF, with the REP contaminated with blood. 

Group 3 (n=10) had MTA as REF. Group 4 (n=10) had MTA as REF, with REP contaminated with blood. 5 teeth 

and the halves were analyzed for vertical dye penetration. Preliminary data suggests that there is no difference in 

sealing ability of MTA and ESRRM with and without blood contamination. 

Conclusions: The sealing ability of ESRRM is comparable to that of MTA in root end preparations even in a 

Supported by: AAE Foundation 

31. Retrospective Analysis of the Survival of Teeth Treated with Endodontics and 

Crown Lengthening 

J.M. Clark 1 , W.T. Johnson 1 , K.V. Krell 1 , D.R. Drake 1 , F. Qian 1 , O. Maktabi 1 


Introduction: 

Historically, teeth having limited coronal tooth structure were often treated by crown lengthening, endodontic 

treatment and restorative procedures to maintain the dentition. The purpose of this study is to restrospectively 

assess the survivability and cost effectiveness of teeth restored with a combination of crown lengthening, root canal 

therapy, and coronal restoration. 

Materials and Methods: IRB approval was obtained and patient records from the University of Iowa College 

of Dentistry were reviewed and searched for inclusion criteria. Patients who had root canal treatment, crown 

and serving its intended purpose in the dentition. 

Reporting Results: A total of 81 teeth from 73 patients met the criteria for this study (30 molars, 30 premolars, 21 

anterior teeth). The overall survival rate was 69/81 (85%). Of the twelve teeth that were extracted 5 were molars, 

5 were premolars, and 2 were anterior teeth. The reasons for extraction were: tooth fracture (5), recurrent decay 

(3), failed endo (2), and symptoms of unknown origin (2). The mean time from root canal completion to most 

recent follow-up radiograph was 52 months and the mean time for crown lengthening to follow-up was 39 months. 

Supported by: AAE $500 

26 28

32. Caregivers’ Perceived Comfort Regarding Oral Care Delivery in Group Homes 

H.A. Reynolds 1 , K. Weber-Gasparoni 1 , F. Qian 1 , S.E. Swenson 1 , R.L. Ettinger 1 


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived comfort reported by group home caregivers 

who provided oral hygiene care for individuals with special health care needs (SHCN) who verbally and physically 

resisted such care. 

Methods: A 24-item survey was distributed to 884 caregivers employed at 6 care facilities in Iowa. Bivariate and 

logistic regression models were used to analyze data (alpha=.05). 

Results: Four-hundred and fifty-seven surveys were returned for a response rate of 52%. Multivariate logistic 

regression modeling indicated that caregivers who felt more comfortable providing oral hygiene care for 

individuals who verbally and physically resisted care were more likely to have received more training (i.e. verbal and 

hands-on) on how to provide oral care (P=.043), to feel more comfortable brushing (P=.013) and flossing (P=.002) 

the teeth of the consumers, and to brush the teeth of those perceived as uncooperative more frequently (75%-100% 

vs. 0%-50% of the time). On the other hand, those who felt less comfortable providing oral care for individuals 

with SHCN who resisted care were more likely to report being pushed away by the consumer while delivering oral 

care (P=.0025). 

Conclusions: Comfort in providing oral care to individuals with SHCN appears to be linked to caregivers’ training 

and comfort levels regarding oral hygiene practices, as well as to the consumers’ behavior during the oral hygiene 

delivery. 

Supported by: Delta Dental of Iowa Foundation 

33. Longitudinal Changes in Dental Esthetic Perceptions of Adolescents and Their Parents 

G. Kavand 1 , B. Broffitt 1 , S.M. Levy 1 , J.J. Warren 1 


Objectives: To assess how adolescents’ and their parents’ perceptions of dental esthetics changed from when the 

adolescents were 13 years old to 15 years old. 

Methods: As part of the ongoing Iowa Fluoride Study, adolescent-parent pairs completed esthetic perception 

questionnaires when adolescents were at age 13 and two years later when they were at age 15. The questionnaire 

had three main parts asking about level of satisfaction (very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat dissatisfied and 

very dissatisfied) with overall dental appearance, overall dental color and specific dental esthetic-related factors 

causing concerns. Binomial proportion tests were used to assess proportions of subjects who showed change in 

perceptions. Bowker test of symmetry was used to assess the direction of change. 

Results: Excluding subjects with orthodontic treatment, 165 adolescents and their parents were included. About 

80% of adolescents and 84% of parents were somewhat to very satisfied with overall dental appearance and 84% 

of adolescents and 78% of parents were somewhat to very satisfied with overall dental color at both ages. Among 

dental esthetic-related factors, tooth color was the most prevalent cause of concern (more than 40%) and tooth 

shape, spacing and crowding were the least prevalent at both ages 13 and 15 (less than 20% for each concern). 

The majority of parents had no change in their assessment of adolescent’s overall dental appearance (71% stable 

vs. 29% changed, p0.05). Adolescents who changed their opinion on overall satisfaction 

level were fairly evenly split between improvement and decline (46% vs. 54%, P>0.05). 

Conclusion: About half of adolescents showed change in level of satisfaction with overall dental appearance 

from age 13 to 15, whereas parents generally had less change in satisfaction level with their adolescent’s dental 

appearance. 

Supported by: NIH/NIDCR (R01-DE09551 and DE012101) 

29 27

34. 

M. Zhu 1 , H. Zhang 10 , Y. Ou 1 , J.A. Banas 1 

1 University of Iowa; 10 University of Illinois at Chicago 

Purpose: 

compounds and extracts from 5 plant species for activity against the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans. 

Materials and methods: Compounds and extracts were tested in two separate assays. 

S. mutans was inoculated into each well of 96-well plates that contained growth medium plus 

development. A compound or extract was designated “growth inhibitory” if growth was not evident. The 

of the stain was measured spectrophotometrically at 550nm. 

S. mutans were generated and stained as described above, 

effects. 

Results: Of 1478 compounds and extracts tested, 285 inhibited growth. Another 259 compounds or extracts 

Conclusion: The results indicate that compounds and extracts from a selection of Asian plants have potential as 

35. 

Gutta Percha From Moderately Curved Root Canals with ProTaper Retreatment Files 

R. Beasley1 , A.E. Williamson1 , B.C. Justman1 , D.R. Drake1 , F. Qian1 1 University of Iowa 

greater ease than other carrier-based systems. This in vitro 

GuttaCore and two other common obturation materials from moderately curved canals. Mesial roots (n=60) 

of mandibular molars were randomly divided into three groups with the same mean curvature and the mesiobuccal 

canal was prepared to ISO size 30 with 0.04 taper. Group A (n=20) was obturated using a continuous-wave 

GuttaCore, respectively, according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After allowing sealer to set, each specimen 

working length. The time taken to reach working length and the time required for obturation material removal 

Conclusion: 

used, it was impossible to remove all traces of gutta percha and sealer from root canals utilizing this retreatment 

technique. 

28 30

36. Effects of GR siRNA on Proliferation of MSCs In vitro 

N. Wei 1 , L. Hong 1 , N. Kim 1 , Y. Yu 1 , V. Joshi 1 , A.K. Salem 1 


Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a potential attractive source of cells for stem 

cell-based tissue regeneration. However, the relatively small number and reduced capabilities of MSCs due to in vitro 

replicative senescence and donor-associated pathophysiological factors severely restrict their potential usefulness 

in clinical applications. Glucocorticoids are well-known steroid hormones that regulate MSC proliferation and 

characteristics are not understood. 

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of the blockage of endogenous GCs using glucocorticoid receptor 

(GR) small interfering RNA (siRNA) on capabilities and senescence of human MSCs in vitro. 

Methods: The proliferation, differentiation and telomere length of human MSCs were evaluated after blocking 

the activity of endogenous GCs using GR siRNA delivered by biodegradable poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) 

microparticles. 

Results: The results show that PLGA microparticles can serve as a delivery system of GR siRNA and maintain release 

of siRNA up to 40 days in vitro 

expression of FGF-2 and Sox-11 of human MSCs. MSCs that have proliferated with endogenous GCs blocked in vitro 

have enhanced proliferation and telomere length and exhibit up-regulated expression of osteogenic markers under 

differentiation stimulation. Under adipogenic differentiation, MSCs proliferated in vitro with siRNA transfection 

Conclusion: PLGA particles can serve as a tool for delivery of GR siRNA to effectively block the effects of 

endogenous GCs on MSCs, which has the potential to improve the capabilities of human MSCs for clinical 

application by preventing replicative senescence. 

31 29

Author–Abstract Index 

Allen, C.R. – 14 

Banas, J.A. – 12, 34 

Barwacz, C. – 27 

Beasley, R. – 35 

Benassi, N. – 22 

Bergeron, C. – 7 

Blanchette, D.R. – 8, 10, 27 

Brasser, A.J. – 15 

Broffit, B. – 33 

Brogden, K.A. – 3, 4, 6, 15, 27 

Chen, L. – 24 

Christensen, S.J. – 10 

Clark, S.H. – 28 

Clark, J.M. – 31 

Cobb, D.S. – 7 

Dawson, D.V. – 6, 8, 9, 10, 27 

Drake, D.R. – 6, 16, 30, 31, 35 

Dunnwald, M. – 2 

Ettinger, R.L. – 5, 32 

Figueroa, A.D. – 26 

Fischer, C.L. - 6 

Franciscus, R. – 23 

Geraldeli, S. – 24 

Gleichman, C. – 18 

Grabouski, J. – 17 

Grabouski, J.J – 17, 25 

Gratton, D.G. – 13 

Guenther, H.V. – 16 

Harless, J.D. – 9 

Harvey, L. – 3 

Hernandez, M.M. – 7 

Hogan, M.M. – 9 

Holton, N.E. – 23, 26 

Hong, L. – 22, 36 

Hoopes, J. – 30 

Humbert, L.A. – 28 

Johnson, W.T. – 31 

Joshi, V. – 22, 36 

Justman, B.C. – 35 

Kane, S.L. – 26 

Kang, A. – 13 

Kavand, G. – 33 

Kelly, J. – 23 

Kieu, T.N. – 19 

Kim, N. – 36 

Kolker, J.L. – 7, 9 

Krell, K.V. – 31 

Kummet, C.M. – 9, 17, 20, 25, 27, 28 

32 

Presenters are underlined. 

Mentors are italicized. 

Levy, S.M. – 33 

Macek, M.D. – 11 

Maktabi, O. – 31 

Mansilla, M.A. – 14 

Marshall, S.D. – 23 

McQuistan, M.R. – 11, 21 

Meier, D.G. – 20 

Miller, S.F. – 2, 8 

Moreno, L.M. – 2, 8 

Murray, A. – 24 

Murray, J.C. – 14 

Ou, Y. – 34 

Popowski, M. – 21 

Progulske-Fox, A. – 3, 4 

Qian, F. – 5, 7, 16, 19, 21, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35 

Recker, E. – 4, 27 

Reynolds, H.A – 32 

Salem, A.K. – 22, 36 

Schiltz, C.M. – 9 

Shao, C. – 11 

Shimek, A. – 12 

Smith, B. – 2 

Southard, T.E. – 23, 26 

Staley, R.N. – 17, 20, 25 

Stanford, C.M. – 10, 13, 27 

Straub-Morarend, C.L. – 11, 21 

St-Pierre, L. – 7 

Swenson, S.E. – 5, 32 

Thomann, L. – 27 

Thuet, D. – 29 

Tingey, B.T. – 28 

Tingey, J.D. – 28 

Van Hemert, J. – 4 

Vargas, M.A. – 7, 18, 24 

Walters, K. – 4, 6 

Walton, R. – 1 

Wang, E.K. – 8 

Warren, J.J. – 19, 33 

Weber-Gasparoni, K. – 5, 19, 32 

Wefel, J.S. – 9 

Wehby, G. – 2 

Wei, N. – 22, 36 

Wertz, P.W. – 6, 15 

Williamson, A.E. – 29, 30, 35 

Yu, Y. – 22, 36 

Zhang, H. – 34 

Zhu, M. – 12, 34

Iowa Section of AADR – Presidents 

1967-68 James Searls 

1968-69 C. Robert Kremenak 

1969-70 N.N. Soni 

1970-71 Leslie Higa 

1971-72 Clayton Shalla 

1972-73 Mohamed Khowassah 

1973-74 Carl Svare 

1974-75 Charles Sabiston 

1975-76 Steven Wei 

1976-77 William Grigsby 

1977-78 Jimmy Pinkham 

1978-79 Christopher Squier 

1979-80 Dorothy Rowe 

1980-81 Brian Clarkson 

1981-82 James Wefel 

1982-83 Murray Hill 

1983-84 James Beck 

1984-85 Daniel Boyer 

1985-86 Mark Jensen 

1986-87 

1987-88 John Reinhardt 

1988-89 Richard Walton 

1989-90 Steven Vincent 

1990-91 John Keller 

1991-92 Ronald Ettinger 

1992-93 Jed Hand 

1993-94 Lisa Wilcox 

1994-95 Ana Diaz-Arnold 

1995-96 William Rubright 

1996-97 Karen Baker 

1997-98 David Drake 

1998-99 Clark Stanford 

1999-2000 Janet Guthmiller 

2000-01 Kaaren Vargas 

2001-02 Rebecca Slayton 

2002-03 John Warren 

2003-04 Teresa Marshall 

2004-05 Galen Schneider 

2005-06 Kim Brogden 

2006-07 Zoya Kurago 

2007-08 Karin Weber-Gasparoni 

2008-09 Jeffrey Banas 

2009-10 Marcela Hernandez 

2010-11 Justine Kolker 

33 30

Acknowledgments 

We extend grateful acknowledgment to the following sponsors: 

Procter and Gamble Oral Care, Crest & Oral-B 

Rebecca VanHorn 

DENTSPLY North America American Dental Association ( ADA) 

Iowa Association of Endodontists - Sponsoring the Michel Fuller Postdoctoral Award 

Iowa Society of Periodontology - Sponsoring pre-doctoral and post-doctoral awards. 

Omicron Kappa Upsilon - Mu Chapter 

College of Dentistry Administration 

David Johnsen Clark Stanford Ron Elvers 

Galen Schneider Catherine Solow Penni Ryan 

Scott Arneson Michael Kanellis Jan Swartzendruber 

College of Dentistry DEOs 

Steven Armstrong (Dept. of Operative Dentistry) 

Daniel Caplan (Dept. of Preventive & Community Dentistry) 

Kirk Fridrich (Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery) 

Julie Halloway (Dept. of Prosthodontics) 

David Holmes (Dept. of Family Dentistry) 

Georgia Johnson (Dept. of Periodontics) 

William Johnson (Dept. of Endodontics) 

Rebecca Slayton (Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry) 

Thomas Southard (Dept. of Orthodontics) 

Steven Vincent (Dept. of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine) 

31 34

We extend grateful acknowledgment to the following for making this day possible: 

Iowa Section of AADR 

Justine Kolker Sherry Timmons Sharon Seydel 

Judges Local AADR 2012 

Jeff Banas Kim Brogden Deb Cobb 

Deborah Dawson Matt Drescher (D4) Satheesh Elangovan 

Alberto Gasparoni Manual Gomez John Hellstein 

Marcela Hernandez Kelly Huston (D4) Andrew Lidral 

Peter Lund Tad Mabry Teresa Marshall 

Michelle McQuistan Niels Oestervemb Gustavo Avila Ortiz 

Ali Pourian Ruth Spieker Christopher Squier 

Clark Stanford Cheryl Straub-Morarend Marcos Vargas 

Richard Walton John Warren Karin Weber-Gasparoni 

Moderators 2012 

Sara Anstoetter Mary Margaret Hogan 

Councilor Iowa Section of AADR 2012 

Steven Armstrong 

Dows Institute for Dental Research 

James Wefel Sharon Seydel Christopher Squier 

Clark Stanford Jeff Banas Sara Anstoetter 

Chris White Marie Philips Mary Margaret Hogan 

Student Research 

John Warren Sara Anstoetter Teresa Marshall 

Educational Media 

Sean Kelley Pat Conrad Kasey Befeler 

Richard Tack Eric Corbin 

Dental Informatics 

Mike Mulder Margaret Ruddy 

Dental Facilities Services 

Duane Anderson Sherri O’Rourke Jim Christison 

Bob Watson 

Ken Matson 

Dick Carter Richard Madden 

Biostatistics Unit 

Deborah Dawson Fang Qian Colleen Kummett Derek Blanchette Katherine Kramer 

35 32

Iowa Section of AADR - The University of Iowa College of Dentistry

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