2. Hospitals that perform primary PCI<strong>National</strong> and international guidance 17 recommend that inthe emergency treatment of patients with STEMI, primaryPCI should be performed within 90 minutes of arrival at theprimary PCI centre (door-to-balloon time) and within 150minutes of a patient’s call for help (call-to-balloon time).Results are presented against these best practice standardsin Table 1. The sooner a patient receives this treatment,the better the outcome. The results in this table show thatmost of the hospitals are now achieving the call-to-balloontime(CTB) within 150 minutes. European guidelines for2012 propose a CTB within 120 minutes 18 and this is alsopresented in the Table 1.The use of primary PCI continued to increase in 2011/12(Figure 10). This year in England, 19,226 patients were sotreated compared to 16,037 in 2010/11, an increase of 20%. InWales 528 patients were treated compared to 303 in 2010/11,an increase of 74%. In Belfast 153 patients were treatedin 2011/12 compared to 173 in 2010/11, a decrease by 12%.Of patients who received reperfusion treatment in 2011/12,95% of patients in England, 50% in Wales and 99% in Belfastreceived primary PCI. The overall median time from arrival athospital to primary PCI was 42 minutes in 2011/12. In 28% ofrecords this interval was less than 30 minutes and for 72% theinterval was less than 60 minutes.This year, 76 hospitals in England performed primary PCI, inWales 3 hospitals and 1 hospital in Belfast performed primaryPCI routinely. These hospitals may provide this service only fortheir own patients, or may do so for groups of other hospitals.Of 76 hospitals in England reporting that they were performingprimary PCI on a routine basis, 52 provided the servicethroughout the 24 hour period. A small number shared a nighttime rota on an alternating basis.The percentage of patients with an admission diagnosis ofSTEMI who receive primary PCI within 90 minutes of arrivalat a Heart Attack Centre has increased from 52% in 2003/4to 92% in 2011/12 and is a reflection of close collaborationbetween ambulance services, emergency departments andadmitting hospitals. [Figure 11]. In particular direct transferof the patient from ambulance to the catheter lab withoutinvolvement of other departments or wards has reduceddelays. In the last year there was an increase in directadmissions from 10,921 in 2010/11 to 13, 444 in 2011/12 inEngland. In Wales from 221 in 2010/11 to 397 in 2011/12. Therewas a slight increase in direct admissions in Belfast from 91 to95 in 2011/12.In Northern Ireland routine use of primary PCI is presentlylimited to the Belfast area. Outside Belfast thrombolytictreatment is understood to be the primary reperfusiontreatment of choice for STEMI, though primary PCI isoccasionally available in some hospitals. The Northern IrelandCardiac Network is currently developing a national strategyfor the management of STEMI. We look forward to the otherhospitals in Northern Ireland joining MINAP before long.Figure 10. Use of reperfusion treatment for patients with afinal diagnosis of STEMI. Primary PCI makes up more than95% of reperfusion treatment%10090807060504030201002003-42004-5In-hospital lysis2005-6Pre-hospital lysisPrimary PCI2.1. Door to balloon time2006-7The proportion of patients receiving primary PCI within the 90minute standard has continued to rise [Figure 11]. In Englandthis year, 92% of 17,965 eligible patients were treated withprimary PCI within 90 minutes of arrival at the Heart AttackCentre compared to 90% of 14,666 in 2010/11. In Wales81% of 503 eligible patients were treated within 90 minutescompared to 68% of 283 in 2010/11. In Belfast 89% of 137eligible patients were treated within 90 minutes compared to87% of 160 in 2010/11.2007-8Years2008-92009-102010-112011-1217. http://www.improvement.nhs.uk/heart/?TabId=6618. The Task Force on the Management of ST-segment elevation acutemyocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology, (2012) ESCguidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patientspresenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs21520 MINAP How the NHS cares for patients with heart attack
Figure 11. Percentage of patients with an admission diagnosisof STEMI having primary PCI within 90 minutes of arrival at theHeart Attack Centre in England Wales and Belfast%100908070605040302010052.22004-553.42005-672.42006-7The median time is 42 minutes in 2011/12; for 28% theinterval is less than 30 minutes and for 72% the interval isless than 60 minutes.79.22007-8Years84.32008-9882009-1089.92010-1191.62011-122.2 Call to balloon timeAs explained above, this reflects the interval from a call forprofessional help to the time that the primary PCI procedure isperformed. It is largely a shared responsibility of the relevantambulance service and the admitting hospital. Usually allpatients with a diagnosis of STEMI confirmed by a paramediccrew are taken directly to a Heart Attack Centre. This howeveris not always possible, particularly where there is diagnosticuncertainty, or in remoter parts of the country.In England, 83% of all eligible patients were treated within150 minutes of calling for professional help compared to 81%in 2010/11. In Wales 78% of patients were treated within 150minutes compared to 75% in 2010/11. In Belfast 88% of patientswere treated within 150 minutes compared to 91% in 2010/11.This year for the first time we report on the proportionof patients who received primary PCI within 120 minutesof calling for help. In England, 62% of patients receivedprimary PCI within 120 minutes of calling for professionalhelp compared to 59% in 2010/11. Similar improvement wasobserved in Wales where 59% in 2011/12 and 46% in 2010/11,and in Belfast where 84% compared to 72% in 2010/11,reached call-to-balloon within 120 minutesIn England, 89% of patients taken directly to the Heart AttackCentre were treated with primary PCI within 150 minutes ofMINAP Eleventh Public Report 201221
- Page 1 and 2: Myocardial IschaemiaNational Audit
- Page 3 and 4: Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit
- Page 5 and 6: ForewordThe annual MINAP Report, no
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- Page 17 and 18: Alan KeysMINAP Steering Group patie
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- Page 37 and 38: Leighton Hospital, Crewe 43 86% 49
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- Page 41 and 42: Wycombe Hospital, High Wycombe 11 1
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- Page 45 and 46: Cheltenham General Hospital, Chelte
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- Page 49 and 50: Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester
- Page 51 and 52: “MINAP, and its long history, is
- Page 53 and 54: Table 6: Ambulance Services in Engl
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- Page 57 and 58: Hexham General Hospital, Hexham 17
- Page 59 and 60: Papworth Hospital, Cambridge 560 99
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Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackp
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Harefield Hospital 139 84% 156 94%
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Northern General Hospital, Sheffiel
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Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle
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Warrington Hospital, Warrington 435
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Withybush General Hospital, Haverfo
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Part Three: Case Studies1. Call act
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3. Implementing a high-risk nSTEACS
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The British Heart Foundation is a r
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of six individual criteria - all in
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9. Use of MINAP data to develop and
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Figure 26. Part 2 collected by Card
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12. Shifting the FocusNicola Mannin
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Figure 29. Funnel plot of hospital
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Figure 30. Estimated excess risk of
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Part 6: AppendicesAppendix 1: MINAP
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Coronary thrombosisThe formation of
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Birkhead J, Walker L. MINAP, a proj
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Heart attacks recorded in MINAP in