Review and download Chapter 3 - Golden-winged Warbler Working ...

(Rosa multiflora), sweetfern (Comptonia peregrina), autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata), maple
(Acer spp.), honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.)
• Trees: black cherry (Prunus serotina), white ash (Fraxinus americana), black locust (Robinia
pseudoacacia), pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica), white oak (Qurecus alba), eastern white pine
(Pinus strobus), American elm (Ulmus americana), black walnut (Juglans nigra), apple (Malus
spp.) sugar maple (Acer saccharum), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), American beech
(Fagus grandifolia), paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa), hickories (Carya spp), maples (Acer spp.)
Great Lakes Region
Most common habitat types used:
• Forest or shrub wetlands (alder/willow wetlands, beaver wetland)
• Aspen clearcuts
• Successional forest (regenerating young forest from forest management or other disturbance)
• Tamarack bog
• Upland shrub communities (abandoned farmland, shrubby fields)
Configuration within Management Sites:
• Patches of young forest or other ESH with feathered edges (see sidebar, page 3–15) leading up
to mature forest boundary.
• Patches < 1000 ft (300 m) from existing, suitable habitat should be > 5 ac (2 ha), while those >
1000 ft (300 m) from existing habitat should be > 25 ac (10 ha).
• Within large management complexes, at any given time, 15–20% of area should be maintained
in early successional or young forest habitat.
Content within Patches:
• Overstory trees (> 9 in or > 23 cm dbh), saplings, shrubs, herbaceous openings, bare ground, and
sometimes surface water
Configuration within Patches:
• Tall shrubs and saplings 3–13 ft (1–4 m) unevenly distributed as clumps (see sidebar, page 3–15)
should make up 30–70% of patch.
• Shrub and sapling clumps should be interspersed with herbaceous openings that are primarily
composed of forbs with lesser proportions of grasses.
• Low woody vegetation (< 3 ft (1 m)), leaf litter, and bare ground can occur in openings but
should occupy less than 25% of opening’s space.
• Overstory trees should be infrequent (5–8/ac (10–15/ha)) and widely spaced (or clustered),
resulting in 10–30% canopy cover. At least 50% of overstory trees should be deciduous.
• Average distance to microedge (see sidebar, page 3–15) should be less than 20 ft (6 m) from any
point within the patch.
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