16 intrauterine programming of ncd 24 olson memori... - DSM

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14NCDs–Silent Killersle “Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death globally,killing more people each year than all other causes combined. Despite theirrapid growth and inequitable distribution, much of the human and socialimpact caused each year by NCD-related death could be averted through wellunderstood,cost-effective and feasible interventions.” WHO 2010infant and young child overweight trends from 1990 to 2015 (by world bank income group)Percentage of population2015105High-incomeUpper-middle-incomeLower-middle-incomeLow-income01990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015associations between poverty, non-communicable diseases and millenium development goalsGlobalizationUrbanizationPopulation ageingIncreased exposure to risk factors> Tobacco use and exposure> Poor nutrition> Physical inactivity> Alcohol misuse> Decreased access to health care> Air pollutionSocial and economicdeterminants of health> Poverty> Trade agreements> Agriculture and transportation policies> Capital flows> Activities of multinational companiesNCDs> Heart disease> Stroke> Cancer> Diabetes> Chronic respiratory diseaseLimited ability to reachDevelopment Goals> MDG 1: Poverty reduction> MDG 4: Reduce child mortality> MDG 5: Improve maternal health> MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS,malaria, and tuberculosisHealth effects> Premature deaths & disabilityHousehold effects> Low productivity> High household costsHealth care effects> Limited access to effective andequitable health-care servicesMacroeconomic effects> Losses in economic growthLoss of household income from> High health-care costs> Poor physical status& premature death> Agriculture andtransportation policies> Unhealthy behaviours
15prevalence of overweight* males | ages 20 +*bmi≥ 25kg/m2percentage of overweightDeath rate per 1000 adults aged 15 – 69 years
Page 1 and 2: VOL. 25 (2) | 2011Sight and Life16
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Page 5 and 6: WelcomeThe risk of doing nothing
Page 7 and 8: The Sight and Life editorial board
Page 9 and 10: SIGHT AND LIFE | VOL. 25 (2) | 2011
Page 11 and 12: SIGHT AND LIFE | VOL. 25 (2) | 2011
Page 16 and 17: 16 INTRAUTERINE PROGRAMMING OF NCDI
Page 18 and 19: 18 INTRAUTERINE PROGRAMMING OF NCDf
Page 20 and 21: 20 INTRAUTERINE PROGRAMMING OF NCDM
Page 22 and 23: 22 INTRAUTERINE PROGRAMMING OF NCDR
Page 24 and 25: 24 OLSON MEMORIAL LECTURE - CARIG W
Page 32 and 33: 32 THE LINK BETWEEN NUTRITION, DISE
Page 38 and 39: 38 VITAMIN D AND INFLAMMATIONPlasma
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Page 42 and 43: 42table 3: Factors influencing vita
Page 44 and 45: 44 VITAMIN D AND INFLAMMATION1,25(O
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Page 48 and 49: 48 OPINION 1Opinion 1: Vitamin D St
Page 50 and 51: 50 OPINION 2variety of medications,
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72 REPORT FROM THIKAGirls at Thika
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