MSP430 IAR C/C++ Compiler reference guide - Rice University

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ISO/ANSI Ccompiler extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179C++ features excluded from EC++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101library compliance with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 231specifying strict usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166iso646.h (library header file). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233ISR_CODE (segment) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249using . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41istream (library header file). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234isunordered, C99 extension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237iswblank, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238italic style, in this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv–xxviterator (STL header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235I/O debugging, support for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69I/O module, overriding in runtime library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53I/O, character-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Kkeep_definition (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257Kernighan & Ritchie function declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . 125disallowing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Kernighan, Brian W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivkeywords, extended. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10L-l (compiler option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87, 153labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187assembler, making public. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163__program_start. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Labrosse, Jean J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivLajoie, Josée . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivlanguage extensionsdescriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Embedded C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101enabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206enabling (-e). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150language overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3language (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206Large data model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15librariesbuilding DLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47CLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75definition of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4runtime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48standard template library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235library configuration filesDLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Dlib_defaults.h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55dl430libname.h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55modifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56specifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149library documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231library features, missing from Embedded C++ . . . . . . . . . 102library functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231reference information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiiisummary, CLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239summary, DLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233library header files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231library modulescreating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154overriding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53library object files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232library options, setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10library project template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 55--library_module (compiler option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154lightbulb icon, in this guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvlimits.h (library header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233, 239__LINE__ (predefined symbol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227linkage, C and C++. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91linker command files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32customizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 37, 41using the -P command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34using the -Z command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34linker map file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43linker segment. See segment274MSP430 IAR C/C++ CompilerReference Guide
Indexlinkingfrom the command line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5required input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Lippman, Stanley B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivlist (STL header file). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235listing, generating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153literals, compound. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183literature, recommended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivllabs, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238lldiv, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238local variables, See auto variableslocale supportDLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64adding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65changing at runtime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65removing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65locale.h (library header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233located data segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40located data, declaring extern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118location (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117, 207LOCFRAME (assembler directive). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--lock_r4 (compiler option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154--lock_r5 (compiler option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154long double (data type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172long float (data type), synonym for double . . . . . . . . . . . . 186long long (data type)avoiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170loop overhead, reducing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159loop unrolling (compiler transformation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122disabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159loop-invariant expressions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123low-level processor operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179, 215accessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83__low_level_init . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57customizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59low_level_init.c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56, 79__low_power_mode_n (intrinsic function) . . . . . . . . . . . . 223__low_power_mode_off_on_exit (intrinsic function) . . . . 223__lseek (library function) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Mmacros, variadic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229main (function), definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252malloc (library function)See also heap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22implementation-defined behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . 260, 263Mann, Bernhard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivmap (STL header file). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235map, linker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43math.h (library header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233, 239math.h, added C functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237MATH_ERREXCEPT, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237math_errhandling, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237MATH_ERRNO, C99 extension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237Medium data model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15_medium_write (library function). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78memoryaccessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 16allocating in C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22dynamic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22heap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22non-initialized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128RAM, saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125releasing in C++. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22stack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13used by executing functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13used by global or static variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14memory consumption, reducing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77memory layout, MSP430 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13memory management, type-safe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101memory placementusing pragma directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17using type definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18, 191275
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MSP430 IAR C/C++ CompilerReference
Page 3 and 4:
Brief contentsTables ..............
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ContentsTables ....................
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Standard streams for input and outp
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Functions .........................
Page 12 and 13:
-e ................................
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C language extensions .............
Page 16 and 17:
__enable_interrupt ................
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Implementation-defined behavior ...
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32: Data pointers .................
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What this guide containsWhat this g
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PrefaceStyle[option]{option}a|b|cbo
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Part 1. Using the compilerThis part
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Supported MSP430 devicesIt is also
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Basic settings for project configur
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Basic settings for project configur
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Special support for embedded system
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Special support for embedded system
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Data models (MSP430X only)●means
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Memory types (MSP430X only)The MSP4
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Memory types (MSP430X only)Type def
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C++ and memory types (MSP430X only)
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Dynamic memory on the heapAnother p
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Primitives for interrupts, concurre
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Placing segments in memoryfrom the
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Placing segments in memorySee the I
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Data segmentsexample DATA16 and __d
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Data segmentsThe data segment used
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Data segmentsAdd the required heap
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C++ dynamic initializationINTERRUPT
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Verifying the linked result of code
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Introduction to the runtime environ
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Using a prebuilt libraryThe followi
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Using a prebuilt library● is one
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Choosing formatters for printf and
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Overriding library modulesNote: If
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System startup and terminationThe l
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System startup and termination●
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Standard streams for input and outp
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Configuration symbols for printf an
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LocaleNote: If you link your librar
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Environment interactiondescribes th
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StrtodStrtodThe function strtod doe
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C-SPY Debugger runtime interface* T
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Checking module consistencyObject f
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Checking module consistencyIf this
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Runtime environment● Position-ind
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Input and output_medium_writeThe _m
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Overriding default library modules
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Checking module consistency82MSP430
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Mixing C and assemblerAn intrinsic
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Calling assembler routines from CIn
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Calling assembler routines from C++
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Calling conventionCHOOSING A CALLIN
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Calling conventionPreserved registe
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Calling conventionStack parameters
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Calling conventionExample 2This exa
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Call frame informationA full descri
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Call frame information100MSP430 IAR
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Overview●●●Runtime type infor
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Feature descriptionsalso apply to o
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Feature descriptionsA new expressio
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Feature descriptionsTemplates and d
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Feature descriptionsExamplevector d
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C++ language extensions●Constants
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Selecting data types● Declaring a
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Controlling data and function place
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Controlling data and function place
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Controlling compiler optimizationsT
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Controlling compiler optimizationss
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Writing efficient code}*p2 = 0;*p1
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Writing efficient codeint test(); /
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Writing efficient codeWDTCNTCL = 0x
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Writing efficient code130MSP430 IAR
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132
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Include file search procedure●Via
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Diagnostics●●●Diagnostic mess
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DiagnosticsFatal errorA diagnostic
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Options syntaxFor options with a lo
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Compiler options summaryCompiler op
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Descriptions of optionsCommand line
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Descriptions of optionsDescriptionF
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Descriptions of options--diag_remar
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Descriptions of optionsTo set relat
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Descriptions of options--error_limi
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Descriptions of optionsFor informat
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Descriptions of optionsdocumentatio
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Descriptions of optionsNote: This o
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Descriptions of optionsThis option
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Descriptions of options--output, -o
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Descriptions of options--reduce_sta
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Descriptions of options--silentSynt
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Descriptions of options168MSP430 IA
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Basic data typesThe MSP430 IAR C/C+
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Basic data typesFLOATING-POINT TYPE
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Pointer typesDATA POINTERSThe follo
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Type qualifiersThe following diagra
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Data types in C++constant and non-c
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C language extensionsinstructions.
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C language extensionsIn the followi
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C language extensions{char a;unsign
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C language extensionsMINOR LANGUAGE
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C language extensionsint test(int x
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General syntax rules for extended k
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Summary of extended keywordsThe fol
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Descriptions of extended keywordsSe
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Descriptions of extended keywords__
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Descriptions of extended keywordsTh
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Descriptions of pragma directivesPr
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Descriptions of pragma directivesco
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Descriptions of pragma directivesdi
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Descriptions of pragma directivesin
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Descriptions of pragma directivesno
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Descriptions of pragma directivesna
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Descriptions of pragma directivesEx
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Descriptions of pragma directivesEx
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Descriptions of intrinsic functions
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Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251: Descriptions of intrinsic functions
Page 252 and 253: Descriptions of predefined preproce
Page 254 and 255: Descriptions of miscellaneous prepr
Page 256 and 257: Descriptions of miscellaneous prepr
Page 258 and 259: IntroductionLIBRARY OBJECT FILESMos
Page 260 and 261: IAR DLIB LibraryHeader filestdbool.
Page 262 and 263: IAR DLIB LibraryThe following table
Page 264 and 265: IAR CLIB Librarystdio.hIn stdio.h,
Page 266 and 267: IAR CLIB Library240MSP430 IAR C/C++
Page 268 and 269: Descriptions of segmentsSegmentDATA
Page 270 and 271: Descriptions of segmentsDATA16_CDes
Page 272 and 273: Descriptions of segmentsDATA20_ACDe
Page 274 and 275: Descriptions of segmentsDATA20_ZDes
Page 276 and 277: Descriptions of segments250MSP430 I
Page 278 and 279: Descriptions of implementation-defi
Page 292 and 293: inary streams (CLIB) . . . . . . .
Page 294 and 295: CSTACK (segment)example . . . . . .
Page 296 and 297: --double (compiler option) . . . .
Page 298 and 299: eentrancy (DLIB) . . . . . . . . .
Page 302 and 303: memory segment. See segmentmemory t
Page 304 and 305: asic_template_matching, using . . .
Page 306 and 307: S--save_reg20 (compiler option). .
Page 308 and 309: strtod, in stdlib.h . . . . . . . .
Page 310 and 311: wchar.h (library header file) . . .
Page 312: __no_operation (intrinsic function)
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