MSP430 IAR C/C++ Compiler reference guide - Rice University

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strtod, in stdlib.h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238strtof, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238strtold, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238strtoll, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238strtoull, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238structs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183anonymous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181structure typesalignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175–176layout of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175packed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176structuresaligning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210anonymous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115implementation-defined behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255packing and unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115placing in memory type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18__SUBVERSION__ (predefined symbol). . . . . . . . . . . . . 228support, technical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138SWAPB (assembler instruction) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224__swap_bytes (intrinsic function) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224switch statements, hints for using . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129symbol names, using in preprocessor extensions . . . . . . . 155symbolsanonymous, creating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183including in output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211listing in linker map file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43overview of predefined. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10preprocessor, defining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145syntaxcompiler options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139extended keywords. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 190–192system startupCLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79customizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59DLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56system terminationCLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80C-SPY interface to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59DLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58system (library function)configuring support for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66implementation-defined behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . 260, 263system_include (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258T__task (extended keyword) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198technical support, IAR Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138template supportin Extended EC++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102, 107missing from Embedded C++ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Terminal I/O window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81making available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70terminal output, speeding up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70termination, of systemCLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80DLIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv32-bits (floating-point format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172this (pointer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88class memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104data type of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20referring to a class object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103__TIME__ (predefined symbol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228time zone (library function)implementation-defined behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261, 264time (library function), configuring support for . . . . . . . . . 67time-critical routines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83, 179, 215time.c, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67time.h (library header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234tips, programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124tools icon, in this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvtrademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iitransformations, compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120translation, implementation-defined behavior . . . . . . . . . . 251trap vectors, specifying with pragma directive . . . . . . . . . 214282MSP430 IAR C/C++ CompilerReference Guide
Indextype attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189specifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213type definitions, used for specifying memory storage .18, 191type information, omitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161type qualifiers, const and volatile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176typedefsexcluding from diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158repeated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186using in preprocessor extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155type-based alias analysis (compiler transformation) . . . . . 123disabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158type-safe memory management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101type_attribute (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 213typographic conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxivUuintptr_t (integer type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175underflow range errors,implementation-defined behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258, 262unionsanonymous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115, 181implementation-defined behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255unsigned char (data type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170–171changing to signed char . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144unsigned int (data type). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170unsigned long long (data type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170unsigned long (data type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170unsigned short (data type). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170utility (STL header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235VVARARGS (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258variable type information, omitting in object output . . . . . 161variablesauto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20–21defined inside a function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20global placement in memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14hints for choosing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124local, See auto variablesnon-initialized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128omitting type info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161placing at absolute addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119placing in named segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119staticplacement in memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14taking the address of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124static and global, initializing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37vector (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24, 214vector (STL header file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235__VER__ (predefined symbol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228version, IAR Embedded Workbench. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iiversion, of compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228version1 calling convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90version2 calling convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90vfscanf, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238vfwscanf, C99 extension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238void, pointers to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186volatile (keyword). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126volatile, declaring objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176vscanf, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238vsnprintf, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238vsscanf, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238vswscanf, C99 extension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238vwscanf, C99 extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238W#warning message (preprocessor extension) . . . . . . . . . . . 229warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137classifying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148disabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159exit code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166warnings (pragma directive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258--warnings_affect_exit_code (compiler option) . . . . . . . . 136--warnings_are_errors (compiler option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166283
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MSP430 IAR C/C++ CompilerReference
Page 3 and 4:
Brief contentsTables ..............
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ContentsTables ....................
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Standard streams for input and outp
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Functions .........................
Page 12 and 13:
-e ................................
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C language extensions .............
Page 16 and 17:
__enable_interrupt ................
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Implementation-defined behavior ...
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32: Data pointers .................
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What this guide containsWhat this g
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PrefaceStyle[option]{option}a|b|cbo
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Part 1. Using the compilerThis part
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Supported MSP430 devicesIt is also
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Basic settings for project configur
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Basic settings for project configur
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Special support for embedded system
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Special support for embedded system
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Data models (MSP430X only)●means
Page 42 and 43:
Memory types (MSP430X only)The MSP4
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Memory types (MSP430X only)Type def
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C++ and memory types (MSP430X only)
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Dynamic memory on the heapAnother p
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Primitives for interrupts, concurre
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Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Placing segments in memoryfrom the
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Placing segments in memorySee the I
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Data segmentsexample DATA16 and __d
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Data segmentsThe data segment used
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Data segmentsAdd the required heap
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C++ dynamic initializationINTERRUPT
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Verifying the linked result of code
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Introduction to the runtime environ
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Using a prebuilt libraryThe followi
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Using a prebuilt library● is one
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Choosing formatters for printf and
Page 80 and 81:
Overriding library modulesNote: If
Page 82 and 83:
System startup and terminationThe l
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System startup and termination●
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Standard streams for input and outp
Page 88 and 89:
Configuration symbols for printf an
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LocaleNote: If you link your librar
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Environment interactiondescribes th
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StrtodStrtodThe function strtod doe
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C-SPY Debugger runtime interface* T
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Checking module consistencyObject f
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Checking module consistencyIf this
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Runtime environment● Position-ind
Page 104 and 105:
Input and output_medium_writeThe _m
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Overriding default library modules
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Checking module consistency82MSP430
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Mixing C and assemblerAn intrinsic
Page 112 and 113:
Calling assembler routines from CIn
Page 114 and 115:
Calling assembler routines from C++
Page 116 and 117:
Calling conventionCHOOSING A CALLIN
Page 118 and 119:
Calling conventionPreserved registe
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Calling conventionStack parameters
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Calling conventionExample 2This exa
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Call frame informationA full descri
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Call frame information100MSP430 IAR
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Overview●●●Runtime type infor
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Feature descriptionsalso apply to o
Page 132 and 133:
Feature descriptionsA new expressio
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Feature descriptionsTemplates and d
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Feature descriptionsExamplevector d
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C++ language extensions●Constants
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Selecting data types● Declaring a
Page 142 and 143:
Controlling data and function place
Page 144 and 145:
Controlling data and function place
Page 146 and 147:
Controlling compiler optimizationsT
Page 148 and 149:
Controlling compiler optimizationss
Page 150 and 151:
Writing efficient code}*p2 = 0;*p1
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Writing efficient codeint test(); /
Page 154 and 155:
Writing efficient codeWDTCNTCL = 0x
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Writing efficient code130MSP430 IAR
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132
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Include file search procedure●Via
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Diagnostics●●●Diagnostic mess
Page 164 and 165:
DiagnosticsFatal errorA diagnostic
Page 166 and 167:
Options syntaxFor options with a lo
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Compiler options summaryCompiler op
Page 170 and 171:
Descriptions of optionsCommand line
Page 172 and 173:
Descriptions of optionsDescriptionF
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Descriptions of options--diag_remar
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Descriptions of optionsTo set relat
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Descriptions of options--error_limi
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Descriptions of optionsFor informat
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Descriptions of optionsdocumentatio
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Descriptions of optionsNote: This o
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Descriptions of optionsThis option
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Descriptions of options--output, -o
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Descriptions of options--reduce_sta
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Descriptions of options--silentSynt
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Descriptions of options168MSP430 IA
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Basic data typesThe MSP430 IAR C/C+
Page 198 and 199:
Basic data typesFLOATING-POINT TYPE
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Pointer typesDATA POINTERSThe follo
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Type qualifiersThe following diagra
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Data types in C++constant and non-c
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C language extensionsinstructions.
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C language extensionsIn the followi
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C language extensions{char a;unsign
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C language extensionsMINOR LANGUAGE
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C language extensionsint test(int x
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General syntax rules for extended k
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Summary of extended keywordsThe fol
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Descriptions of extended keywordsSe
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Descriptions of extended keywords__
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Descriptions of extended keywordsTh
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Descriptions of pragma directivesPr
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Descriptions of pragma directivesco
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Descriptions of pragma directivesdi
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Descriptions of pragma directivesin
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Descriptions of pragma directivesno
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Descriptions of pragma directivesna
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Descriptions of pragma directivesEx
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Descriptions of pragma directivesEx
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Descriptions of intrinsic functions
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Descriptions of predefined preproce
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Descriptions of miscellaneous prepr
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Descriptions of miscellaneous prepr
Page 258 and 259: IntroductionLIBRARY OBJECT FILESMos
Page 260 and 261: IAR DLIB LibraryHeader filestdbool.
Page 262 and 263: IAR DLIB LibraryThe following table
Page 264 and 265: IAR CLIB Librarystdio.hIn stdio.h,
Page 266 and 267: IAR CLIB Library240MSP430 IAR C/C++
Page 268 and 269: Descriptions of segmentsSegmentDATA
Page 270 and 271: Descriptions of segmentsDATA16_CDes
Page 272 and 273: Descriptions of segmentsDATA20_ACDe
Page 274 and 275: Descriptions of segmentsDATA20_ZDes
Page 276 and 277: Descriptions of segments250MSP430 I
Page 278 and 279: Descriptions of implementation-defi
Page 292 and 293: inary streams (CLIB) . . . . . . .
Page 294 and 295: CSTACK (segment)example . . . . . .
Page 296 and 297: --double (compiler option) . . . .
Page 298 and 299: eentrancy (DLIB) . . . . . . . . .
Page 300 and 301: ISO/ANSI Ccompiler extensions . . .
Page 302 and 303: memory segment. See segmentmemory t
Page 304 and 305: asic_template_matching, using . . .
Page 306 and 307: S--save_reg20 (compiler option). .
Page 310 and 311: wchar.h (library header file) . . .
Page 312: __no_operation (intrinsic function)
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