1893 - State Library Information Center

4 STATISTICS OF LABOR ANI. TNI.USTKIKS.Bhop couBtrnction and repair, by steam railroad companies;chin* decorating; clothing, women*, dressmaking; cofhns andburial oases, trimming and finishing; ->tton cleaning andrehandling; cotton ginning; cotton waste; drug grinding;druggists' preparation., not including prescription.; gas ilium,-nating and heating; hay and straw baling; and millu.ery,custom work Petroleum refining formed the subject ot a separatcreport at the census ot 1880, and the statistics were notincluded in the report on manufactures. In deta.ls, the investigationat the beginning of the past decade was also much morecircumscribed, viz., the aggregate capital and the average numberof hands employed during the census year not being subdividedaa under the current inquiry. The present tables show : 1st,capital, excluding the value of hired property, under the subheadsot land, buildings, machinery, tools, and implement*, nndlive assets; 2d, miscellaneous expenses; 3d, average number ofemployes and total wages, the employes being subdivided intoclasses ot officers, firm members and clerks; operatives, skilledaud unskilled, and pieceworkers, the males, females and childrenof each class being shown separately; 4th, cost ot materialsused; 5th, value of products.No previous census inquiry has embraced the cost incurred inmanufacturing operations other than wages and materials used.With the exception ot a few special inquiries, the question usedat the census of 1880 concerning capital was as follows : " Capital(real and personal) iuvested in the busim-HS." The inquiryat the eleventh census was more in detail and intended toinclude all the property or assets strictly pertaining to a manufacturingbusiness.The question respecting employes and wages used at thetenth census generally called only for the "greatest number othands employed at any one time during the year," also " theaverage number of hands employed," without designating thedifferent classes; while the question used at the eleventh censuscalled for the average number of employes to bo reported byclasses of officers, firm members, clerks, operatives, skilled andunskilled, and pieceworkers.The cost of materials used is the reported cost ut the place ofconsumption. The value of products ia the reported value at