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Class: 3rd Year H/W UnitsSubject: Tropical Meteorology Thr. 2 Lab. - 2×2 = 41.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.1011.Introduction to the Tropicsmajor differences between tropics and midlatitudes, the breakdown of the geostrophicapproximation, wind-pressure relation, gradient level windsstreamline analysis, atmospheric tidesTropical Cyclones: Definitions and Advisory Responsibilitiestropical cyclones defined, subtropical cyclones, warnings and warning, agencies, Saffir-Simpson scaleGeneral Circulation of the TropicsTerminology, latitudinal heat imbalance, importance of latent heat versus sensible heat,role of convection, the Hadley circulation, zonal circulationsthe subtropical highs, the trade winds, the intertropical convergence zone, the southpacific convergence zoneSeasonal-Mean Wind Fieldslow-level wind field, upper-level wind field, subtropical jet streamtropical easterly jet, west African mid-tropospheric jet, East African low-level jet(Somali jet)Tropical Cyclones: Climatologyrequirements for formation, global climatology, North Atlantic, South Atlantic,Northeast and Nnorthcentral Pacific, Western North Pacific, North Indian ocean,Ssouthwest Indian ocean (west of 100°e), Ssoutheast Indian ocean (100°e to 142°e),southwest pacific ocean (east of 142°e)Local and Diurnal CirculationsGeneral, land-sea breeze, ,mountain circulations, stress-differential, induced divergenceTemperature, Clouds, and RainTemperature, temperature profile, vertical motion clouds, diurnal cycles of cloudinessand precipitationTropical Weather SystemsGeneral, waves in the easterlies, waves over the north Atlantic and Caribbean, Africanwaves, upper-level cyclones, tropical upper-tropospheric troughs, squall lines, Sumatracold surgesThe Tropical OceansBasic ocean structure, sea-surface temperature, wind stress and the Ekman spiral,Ekman transport and upwelling/downwelling, wind-driven surface currents in arectangular ocean, equatorial currents, east-to-west structure of the thermoclineTropical Cyclones: Formation and StructureGeneral, strength, size, and intensity, distribution of wind and angular momentum,inertial stability of a vortex, Rossby radius of deformation,structure and dynamics of a tropical cyclone, structure of the core regiondynamics of the core region, the eye, Eyewall replacement cycle, rainbandsstructure of outer region, outflow region, diurnal cycles, synoptic scale influences,formation and intensification of tropical cyclones from initial disturbances, conditionalinstability of the second kindTropical Cyclones: Motion and AnalysisGeneral, environmental steering , linear beta effect, nonlinear beta effectasymmetrical convection, interaction with mountains, analysis