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• Limit the area to trained staff/volunteers only (no public).• Increase staff/volunteer training and awareness.note: This list is not exhaustive and is only used to illustrate some examples of trade-offs toprovide a safer event or venue.If you decide to significantly, vary away from the benchmarks in this guidance youshould seek expert advice before doing so.3.4.1 Fire detection and warning systemsThe means of giving a warning of fire should be suitable for the particular event or venue,taking account of its size, layout, number of people likely to be present and the nature ofthe event.In some small events/venues the only practicable solution for people to raise an alarmupon the discovery of a fire could be a simple shout of ‘fire’ or a simple manually operateddevice, such as a gong or air horn that can be heard by everybody. At larger or morecomplex sites a public address system is likely to be the most effective means of providing awarning and directing the evacuation. Organisers/staff will need a managed fire evacuationplan to facilitate this.For permanent buildings or temporary tents/marquees where a simple warning is notsufficient, an electrical warning system may be required incorporating sounders andmanually operated call points (break – glass boxes).Where there are areas where a fire could develop to the extent that escape routes could beaffected before the fire is discovered, an automatic fire detection system may be necessary.At complex events/venues, particularly those accommodating people in different areas,(e.g. a zoo), it is likely that a more sophisticated form of warning and evacuation, possiblyphased may be required.Where the provision of a system connected by cables may not be appropriate, a radio signalbased system should be considered.You may need to consider special arrangements for times when people are working alone,are disabled, or when your normal occupancy patterns are different, e.g. when maintenancestaff or other contractors are working at the weekend / night or people are attending tohorses at night during a county show.It is important to consider the means of communication between staff and volunteersimplementing the emergency plan.24
Large campsites should normally be provided with fire watchtowers and campers should beprovided with fire safety advice.If you are not sure whether your current arrangements are adequate, see the additionalguidance on fire warning systems in Part 2, Section 2.Checklist• Can the means of detection ensure a fire is discovered quickly enough for thealarm to be raised in time for all the occupants to escape to a place of totalsafety?• Can appropriate means of warning be clearly heard, and/or seen, andunderstood by everyone throughout the whole site, event, or venue?• If the fire-detection and warning system is powered electrically, does it have aback-up power supply?• Have the public address systems been checked before the event?3.4.2 Fire-fighting equipment and facilitiesFire-fighting equipment can reduce the risk of a small fire, e.g. a fire in a waste-paper bin,developing into a large one. The safe use of an appropriate fire extinguisher to control a firein its early stages can also significantly reduce the risk to other people in the event or venueby allowing people to assist others who are at risk.The provision of fire-fighting equipment for outdoor events will vary according to the localconditions and what is brought on to the site. You should consider the need for equipmentfor tackling fires in vegetation, vehicles, and marquees.Arrangements may need to be made to protect fire-fighting equipment located outdoorsfrom the effects of frost, vandalism, and theft.25
Page 7 and 8: IntroductionWHo SHould uSe tHIS guI
Page 9 and 10: material alterations and all the ph
Page 11 and 12: • you must consider the presence
Page 13 and 14: Part 1 Fire risk assessmentMAnAgIng
Page 15 and 16: • To reduce the risk of those haz
Page 17 and 18: 1234FIRe SAFety RISk ASSeSSMentIden
Page 19 and 20: • hot surfaces and obstruction of
Page 21 and 22: Checklist• Have you identified al
Page 23 and 24: Look critically at your event or ve
Page 25 and 26: take reasonable steps to reduce the
Page 27: • controlling the use and storage
Page 31 and 32: Facilities for fire fighting also i
Page 34 and 35: number and suitability of escape ro
Page 36 and 37: For simple venues or events with ve
Page 38 and 39: Checklist• When necessary are esc
Page 40 and 41: Checklist• Do you regularly check
Page 42 and 43: You may also wish to record discuss
Page 44 and 45: Checklist• Have you recorded the
Page 46 and 47: • the identity of people you have
Page 48 and 49: • be understandable by your staff
Page 50 and 51: You should consider the potential r
Page 52 and 53: Before admitting the public to your
Page 54 and 55: To reduce the risk, store excess ma
Page 56 and 57: contaminated with solvent are prope
Page 58 and 59: Particular care should be taken wit
Page 60 and 61: of oil and combustible foodstuffs.
Page 62 and 63: 1.6 SmokingThe Smoking (Northern Ir
Page 64 and 65: designed to close on the activation
Page 66 and 67: Combustible contentsMost enclosures
Page 68 and 69: of ‘reasonable’ provisions and
Page 70 and 71: 2.1 Manual call pointsManual call p
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Page 74 and 75: Section 3 Further guidance onfirefi
Page 76 and 77: equipment as they will extinguish a
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• they are fitted with gates that
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Section 4 Further guidance onescape
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limited numbers of people predomina
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• they are of sufficient size and
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• Where ramps are necessary for t
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An example calculation is shown bel
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When assessing travel distances you
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Alternative exitsWhere alternative
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C ExitC Exit45º+BAC Exit45º+C Exi
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egress routes. They may also slow d
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Section 5 Further guidance onemerge
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lighting conditions for stair tread
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e used but different types should n
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get fainter with time) are not a su
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• all incidents and circumstances
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Fire safety auditA fire safety audi
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In multi-occupancy, larger and more
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ice effects at a pop concert), peop
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your venue and your fire risk asses
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• the importance of basic fire-pr
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A well-planned and executed fire ev
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Section 8 Quality assurance of fire
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Yes No N/A CommentsDaily checks (no
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Yes No N/A CommentsSix monthly chec
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A2 example form for recordingsignif
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1st floorFire-resisting floor const
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B2 Fire-resisting doorsRequirements
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Ideally the frame should be to thes
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Appendix CglossaryThese definitions
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termHazardous substanceHighly flamm
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ReferencesThe following documents a
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46 BS EN 60849: Sound systems for e
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Further readingThe latest versions
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Management of Health and Safety at
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This guide is for employers, manage
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