GIS-based Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping for oil ...

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Literature review 13- Resource extraction sites: such as aquaculture sites, locations of subsistence andcommercial fisheries, log storage sites, mining leases, and surface waterintakes;- Archaeological and historical locations.Table 2-3: commonly mapped Human-use resources. (After NOAA, 2002)Data Element Sub-Element Mapped AreasRecreation/Access Access Vehicular access to the shorelineAirportIncludes airports, landing strips, etc.Artificial reefAttracts high concentrations of fish and diversBeachHigh-use recreational beachesBoat RampHigh-use marine/estuarine facilitiesDiving SiteHigh-use recreational areasFerryHigh-use ferry routesHelipadDesignated helicopter landing sitesMarinaHigh-use marine/estuarine facilitiesRecreational FishingHigh-use recreational areasSurfingHigh-use recreational areasManagement Areas Designated Critical Habitat Officially designated by USFWSIndian ReservationIndian Reservations and Tribal LandsMarine SanctuaryWaters managed by NOAANational ParkLand managed by NPSNature ConservancyProtected land owned by TNCParkState and regional parksSpecial Management Areas Usually water-associatedWildlife Refuge, Preserve, Reserve Federally and state managedResource Extraction Aquaculture SiteHatcheries, ponds, pens, etcCommercial FishingImportant, high-use areasLog Storage SitesAreas of high economic importanceMiningIntertidal/subtidal mining leasesSubsistenceDesignated harvest sitesWater IntakeIndustrial; drinking water; cooling waterCultural Resources Archaeological Site Water, coastal, or wetland-associatedHistorical SiteWater, coastal, or wetland-associatedGIS-Based Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping for oil spills - Case study in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Literature review 142.2. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)2.2.1. Background“GIS is a young field. Although its antecedents go backhundreds of years in the fields of cartography andmapping, GIS as such began in the 1960s, and thusmany of the individuals involved in the earliest stages ofthe invention and definition of GIS are alive today”.David et al., 1997Being a rapidly developing technology, one may face difficulties to find one definition ofGeographic Information Systems (GIS) (Nguyen Quoc Dinh, 2001). Also, The literature onGIS is vast and spread over large numbers of journals representative of many disciplines(Burrough, 1986). So, it might be better to quote few definitions of GIS as found inliterature:“ A powerful set of tools for collecting, storing, retrieving at will, transforming, anddisplaying spatial data from the real world for a particular set of purposes” (Burrough,1986).“Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computerized systems for the storage,retrieval, manipulation, analysis, and display of geographically referenced data. Since theycan include physical, biological, cultural, demographic, or economic information, they arevaluable tools in the natural, social, medical, and engineering sciences, as well as inbusiness and planning” (David et al., 1997).“ An arrangement of computer hardware, software, and geographic data that peopleinteract with to integrate, analyze, and visualize the data; identify relationships, patterns,and trends; and find solutions to problems. The system is designed to capture, store,update, manipulate, analyze, and display the geographic information. A GIS is typicallyused to represent maps as data layers that can be studied and used to perform analyses”(ESRI, 2004).Objects of the real world are described in geographic data in terms of their position on theearth with respect to a particular coordinate system, their attributes (thematic or non-spatialGIS-Based Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping for oil spills - Case study in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Page 1 and 2: INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMMEINPHYSICAL
Page 3 and 4: SummaryIISUMMARYSharm El-Sheikh are
Page 5: Table of contentsIVCHAPTER 3: STUDY
Page 8 and 9: List of figuresVIIFigure 5-8: photo
Page 10 and 11: Introduction 1Chapter 1INTRODUCTION
Page 13 and 14: Introduction 4Table 1-1: Thesis out
Page 15 and 16: Literature review 6Table 2-1: Summa
Page 17 and 18: Literature review 8Table 2-2: ESI s
Page 19 and 20: Literature review 10carried out on
Page 21: Literature review 12category is fur
Page 25 and 26: Literature review 16alternative vec
Page 27 and 28: Literature review 18operations, whi
Page 29 and 30: Literature review 20hand-held photo
Page 31 and 32: Study area 22Longitudes: 34° 16' 0
Page 33 and 34: Study area 24Ras Nasrani forming th
Page 35 and 36: Study area 26Figure 3-5: Landuse ma
Page 37 and 38: Study area 283.6.3. Coral reefsTher
Page 39 and 40: Study area 30in the straight of Tir
Page 41 and 42: ESI Mapping methods and procedures
Page 55 and 56: ESI Mapping methods and procedures4
Page 57 and 58: ESI mapping methods and procedures
Page 65 and 66: Results and discussion 56Figure 5-1
Page 67 and 68: Results and discussion 58Table 5-1:
Page 69 and 70: Results and discussion 60Shark bay
Page 71 and 72: Results and discussion 62Shark bay
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Results and discussion 64Area that
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Results and discussion 66NSharm El-
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Results and discussion 68Areas repr
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Results and discussion 70Egypt, esp
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Results and discussion 72The most s
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Results and discussion 74As shown i
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Results and discussion 76process it
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Results and discussion 78Maya, Namm
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Results and discussion 80Dolphins n
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Results and discussion 82It was not
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Results and discussion 84The map sh
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Conclusions 86Chapter 6CONCLUSIONST
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Conclusions 88One needs a huge set
Page 99 and 100:
References 90El-Asmar, M.H. and Att
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References 92IPIECA (1994). Sensiti
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References 94Rogers, C.S. (1990). R
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Appendices 96Appendix 1STANDARDS FO
Page 107 and 108:
Appendices 98‣ Symbolization for
Page 109 and 110:
Appendices 100‣ BirdsCommon name
Page 111 and 112:
Appendices 102Appendix 3Complete li
Page 113:
Appendices 10444 layalina Cataract
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