GIS-based Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping for oil ...

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Literature review 17computationally easy to combine different themes using various operations (overlayanalysis). And this is the main concept that will be used in the present research (Burrough,1986; Tomlin, 1990).Figure 2-3: Raster representation of reality. (After NCGIA, 1990)2.2.3. Spatial analysis and Cartographic modelingIt was in the beginning of 1960s when, a new trend in landscape analysis and spatialplanning has been initiated. The idea simply based on thematic maps from differentdisciplines (i.e. soil, landuse, topography…etc) that have been used by landscape architectsand planners to study the spatial interactions by overlying transparent copies of these mapson a light table. The first computer software for performing automatic overly was calledSYMAP (Synagraphic MAPping), which developed in 1963 by Howard T. Fisher. He useda raster model composed of different raster layers, in which each raster grid represents oneattribute. In the program the spatial relation between different themes are studied byapplying simple arithmetic operations (Tomlin, 1990; Canters, 2004).On the basis of this idea, C.D. Tomlin and others developed a method for spatial analysiscalled “Map Algebra” (Fig. 2-4). Map algebra is based on the definition of a large set ofGIS-Based Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping for oil spills - Case study in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Literature review 18operations, which applied to one or more input layers to produce a new layer. This enabledthe solution of very complex spatial problems by combining different operation in ameaningful way (Burrough, 1986; Bonham-Carter 1994, Canters, 2004).Figure 2-4: Basic idea of map Algebra. (After NCGIA, 1990)Cartographic modeling is the logical combination different operation in such a way so thatthe output of one operation is the input of another one (Fig. 2-5). Cartographic model oftencontains a flowchart that show the procedure and the order, in which different input mapsare combined to give the final deductive map.Figure 2-5: Basic idea of cartographic modeling.GIS-Based Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping for oil spills - Case study in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Page 1 and 2: INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMMEINPHYSICAL
Page 3 and 4: SummaryIISUMMARYSharm El-Sheikh are
Page 5: Table of contentsIVCHAPTER 3: STUDY
Page 8 and 9: List of figuresVIIFigure 5-8: photo
Page 10 and 11: Introduction 1Chapter 1INTRODUCTION
Page 13 and 14: Introduction 4Table 1-1: Thesis out
Page 15 and 16: Literature review 6Table 2-1: Summa
Page 17 and 18: Literature review 8Table 2-2: ESI s
Page 19 and 20: Literature review 10carried out on
Page 21 and 22: Literature review 12category is fur
Page 23 and 24: Literature review 142.2. Geographic
Page 25: Literature review 16alternative vec
Page 29 and 30: Literature review 20hand-held photo
Page 31 and 32: Study area 22Longitudes: 34° 16' 0
Page 33 and 34: Study area 24Ras Nasrani forming th
Page 35 and 36: Study area 26Figure 3-5: Landuse ma
Page 37 and 38: Study area 283.6.3. Coral reefsTher
Page 39 and 40: Study area 30in the straight of Tir
Page 41 and 42: ESI Mapping methods and procedures
Page 55 and 56: ESI Mapping methods and procedures4
Page 57 and 58: ESI mapping methods and procedures
Page 65 and 66: Results and discussion 56Figure 5-1
Page 67 and 68: Results and discussion 58Table 5-1:
Page 69 and 70: Results and discussion 60Shark bay
Page 71 and 72: Results and discussion 62Shark bay
Page 73 and 74: Results and discussion 64Area that
Page 75 and 76: Results and discussion 66NSharm El-
Page 77 and 78:
Results and discussion 68Areas repr
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Results and discussion 70Egypt, esp
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Results and discussion 72The most s
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Results and discussion 74As shown i
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Results and discussion 76process it
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Results and discussion 78Maya, Namm
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Results and discussion 80Dolphins n
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Results and discussion 82It was not
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Results and discussion 84The map sh
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Conclusions 86Chapter 6CONCLUSIONST
Page 97 and 98:
Conclusions 88One needs a huge set
Page 99 and 100:
References 90El-Asmar, M.H. and Att
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References 92IPIECA (1994). Sensiti
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References 94Rogers, C.S. (1990). R
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Appendices 96Appendix 1STANDARDS FO
Page 107 and 108:
Appendices 98‣ Symbolization for
Page 109 and 110:
Appendices 100‣ BirdsCommon name
Page 111 and 112:
Appendices 102Appendix 3Complete li
Page 113:
Appendices 10444 layalina Cataract
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