Weight and sizeThe engine and powertrain represent a significant proportion of total vehicleweight, and reductions here will provide benefits in term of vehicle efficiency,per<strong>for</strong>mance, safety and design flexibility.Hybrid, electric and alternatively fuelled vehicles (HEV)Hydrogen and fuelcellsHybrid andadvanced internalcombustionenginesElectrics andelectronics <strong>for</strong>energy and drivesystemsConventional andalternative fuelsNew fuel and engine solutions are required if CO 2 emissions are to be reducedand conventional oil reserves are to be preserved. The fuel cell is one of themost promising technologies, and hydrogen a particularly attractive fuel interms of reducing vehicle emissions.It is likely to be at least 15-20 years be<strong>for</strong>e alternative fuel and engine solutionsbecome widely available, and so improvements to the internal combustionengine have an important role to play. In particular, development of hybrid andmulti-fuel engines will enable the IC engine to evolve towards a point wherealternative fuel and engine systems are more widely available.Fuel cells and other new energy and drive systems will require paralleldevelopment of the electric and electronic systems <strong>for</strong> energy storage, enginemanagement, power generation, conversion and transmission. Advances insoftware, sensors and electronics provide significant opportunities <strong>for</strong>supporting the integration of systems to provide increased functionality andper<strong>for</strong>mance.It is likely that in the next 20-50 years global demand <strong>for</strong> energy will outstripconventional supply as crude oil reserves are depleted. Alternative energysources will become economic, stimulating innovation in new fuel, engine andinfrastructure technology. A major challenge is the need to develop new fuels,vehicle systems and infrastructure in parallel, and it is likely that a variety ofcompeting solutions will emerge over the next 20 years.Advanced software, sensors, electronics and telematics (ASSET)Shift to softwareAccess and use ofvehiclesArchitecture andreliabilityThe general trend towards increasing use of software, electronics andcommunications technology will have a major impact on vehicle design,manufacture and use. Major technical areas where this will apply include vehiclecontrol, adaptability and intelligence, with systems integration being ofparticular importance.Software, sensors, electronics and telematics technology will lead to significantmobility benefits, in terms of improved safety, reductions in congestion andcrime, increasing access to mobility and greater vehicle adaptability.The benefits that can be derived from software, sensor, electronics andtelematics technology require development of appropriate systems architecturesand standards, with an emphasis on safety and reliability. The long term vision isof a robust, tolerant and self-diagnosing and repairing system that is alsoresponsive to user requirements.Advanced structures and materials (FASMAT)SafetyDevelopments in materials and structures, intended to improve safety undercollision and accident conditions, need to be considered in conjunction withmeasures that can be taken to reduce the likelihood and severity of accidents(such as sensors, telematics and infrastructure). Increased safety needs to beachieved in parallel to the introduction of new materials and structural solutionsto reduce weight, together with new engine configurations and fuel types.41
Productconfigurability /flexibilityEconomicsEnvironmentA growing demand <strong>for</strong> greater product variety is anticipated, to meet futureconsumer requirements in terms of lifestyles and demographics. <strong>Vehicle</strong>s needto be re-configured more easily, throughout the life cycle, including design,production, service and end-of-life.Structural systems and materials <strong>for</strong>m a significant proportion of vehicle weightand cost, in terms of raw materials, production, use and disposal / recycling.Advances in materials technology, and the associated design and manufacturingprocesses, also provide significant potential <strong>for</strong> enhancing vehicle per<strong>for</strong>manceand adding value.Improvements to materials and associated production processes can make asignificant contribution to the environmental goals of reducing energy use,emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants, including consideration ofthe full vehicle life cycle.Design and manufacturing processes (DMaP)Lifecycle<strong>Manufacturing</strong>IntegrationThe development of sustainable road transport, in terms of meeting social,economic and environmental needs, requires consideration of the full vehiclelife cycle, including design, production, distribution, use and end-of-life (re-use,recycling and disposal). Substantial reductions in total system material andenergy consumption are required, together with reduced pollution and waste,whilst at the same time increasing economic per<strong>for</strong>mance in a globallycompetitive market.Improved manufacturing systems, particularly in terms of flexibility and agility,are crucial <strong>for</strong> achieving the social, economic and environmental goals describedabove, in terms of reducing energy and material consumption, reducingemissions and increasing efficiency and competitiveness.Systems integration is crucial if significant improvements to overall life cycleper<strong>for</strong>mance of road vehicles are to be achieved. This includes consideration ofhow the various vehicle sub-systems operate together, how the vehicle isdesigned, manufactured and operated, and how the in<strong>for</strong>mation and knowledgethat enables these systems to function can be combined more effectively.The <strong>Foresight</strong> <strong>Vehicle</strong> technology roadmap (version 1.0) represents a significant first step in terms ofcapturing, sharing and structuring expert knowledge within the automotive sector, but greater benefitscan be obtained if the roadmap can be kept ‘alive’ on an ongoing basis. It is recommended that theroadmap should be reviewed periodically to refine and update the content and structure, and toenhance the strategic focus.42